139,304 research outputs found
Huntley, B., Green, R. E., Collingham, Y. C. & Willis, S. G. — A climatic atlas of European breeding birds. Durban University, The RSPB & Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. 2007
No full textErard Christian. Huntley, B., Green, R. E., Collingham, Y. C. & Willis, S. G. — A climatic atlas of European breeding birds. Durban University, The RSPB & Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. 2007. In: Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 63, n°3, 2008. pp. 295-296
Towards an automatic speech recognition system for use by deaf students in lectures
No full textAccording to the Royal National Institute for Deaf people there are nearly 7.5 million hearing-impaired people in Great Britain. Human-operated machine transcription systems, such as Palantype, achieve low word error rates in real-time. The disadvantage is that they are very expensive to use because of the difficulty in training operators, making them impractical for everyday use in higher education. Existing automatic speech recognition systems also achieve low word error rates, the disadvantages being that they work for read speech in a restricted domain. Moving a system to a new domain requires a large amount of relevant data, for training acoustic and language models. The adopted solution makes use of an existing continuous speech phoneme recognition system as a front-end to a word recognition sub-system. The subsystem generates a lattice of word hypotheses using dynamic programming with robust parameter estimation obtained using evolutionary programming. Sentence hypotheses are obtained by parsing the word lattice using a beam search and contributing knowledge consisting of anti-grammar rules, that check the syntactic incorrectness’ of word sequences, and word frequency information. On an unseen spontaneous lecture taken from the Lund Corpus and using a dictionary containing "2637 words, the system achieved 815% words correct with 15% simulated phoneme error, and 73.1% words correct with 25% simulated phoneme error. The system was also evaluated on 113 Wall Street Journal sentences. The achievements of the work are a domain independent method, using the anti- grammar, to reduce the word lattice search space whilst allowing normal spontaneous English to be spoken; a system designed to allow integration with new sources of knowledge, such as semantics or prosody, providing a test-bench for determining the impact of different knowledge upon word lattice parsing without the need for the underlying speech recognition hardware; the robustness of the word lattice generation using parameters that withstand changes in vocabulary and domain
Piroklastiese afsettings van perm-ouderdom in die Hoof-Karookom met spesiale verwysing na die Collingham Formasie, Ecca Groep
No full textProefskrif (Ph. D) -- Universiteit van Stellenbosch, 1995.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study comprises a geological and geochemical investigation of the K-bentonites
(potassium-rich, illitic clay beds interpreted as altered volcanic ash) of Permian age in the
Karoo Supergroup of the Main Karoo Basin. It also includes a sedimentological and
stratigraphical study of the Collingham Formation (Ecca Group), which is the unit with the
h.ighest concentration of K-bentonite layers.
The 30 co 70 m thick Collingham Formation is conformably underlain by the white-weathering,
carbonaceous Whitehill Formation and is overlain by the Ripon Formation in the southeast, the
Vischkuil Formation in the southwest and the Tierberg Formation in the west and northwest. The
formation consists essentially of alternating thin beds of hard, dark grey, siliceous mudrock
and very thin beds of relatively softer yellow weathering K-bentonite beds. These sediments are
sporadically interrupted by chert beds, and in the upper part of the formation by siltstone and
very fine-grained sandstone beds. In the southern and southwestern part of its outcrop area the
formation can be divided into three members, namely the Zoute KJoof, Buffels River and Wilgehout
River. The basal two members are separated by the Matjiesfontein Chert Bed. Deposition
of the Collingham Formation occurred as basin floor muds which settled out of suspension from under
and upper flows and as pelagic and hemipelagic material. These deposits were sporadically
interrupted by short-lived volcanic ash-falls. The upper part of the formation in the west consists
of basin floor and outer fan deposits of a submarine fan.
K-bentonite layers are distributed throughout the Karoo Basin, ranging stratigraphcally from
the Dwyka Group through the Ecca Group up to and including the basal Beaufort Group. Three
zones of relatively higher concentrations of K-bentonite occur, namely in the Prince Albert,
Collingham and Abrahamskraal Formations. By using the K-bentonites as marker beds it was
confirmed that the Dwyka/Prince Albert contact is younging southwards, that the Whitehill
Formation is correlatable with the upper part of the Vryheid Formation and that the
Wilgehout River Member is older that the Ripon Formation. Transport of the volcanic ash was from
the south and southwest as aerially transported tephra originating from terrestrial Plinian
eruptions.
The K-bentonite consists mainly of illite, feldspar and quartz (except where it is silicified or
enriched in iron oxides and/or carbonates). The maximum opserved grain size of the largest feldspar
and quartz grains is 0.5 mm. Diageneticstructures indicate that a large percentage of the minerals
that are recognised are diagenetic of origin. The diagenesis and very low grade metamorphism
which the K-bentonite has undergone can be represented by the following reactions: Siliceous
volcanic ash + H₂0 -> montmorillonite + silica (opal-A)
+ ions in solution -> montmorillonite + zeolite + silica (opal - CT) -> mixed-layer
montmorillonite/illite
+ zeolite + silica (chert) - > illite + albite + quartz.
Chemically the K-bentonite is depleted in Si0₂ and enriched in Al₂ (20-30%} and O
(5-10%) in comparison with normal mudstones. Most of the movement of the components
occurcd during the first phase i.e. when the volcanic glass was altered to montroorillonite.
Only the following analysed components were apparently to a large extent immobile; A1₂0₃, Ti0₂,
Zr, Nb, Y and Ga. The geochemistry indicates that the K-bentonites and silicified K-bentonites were
originally acid (felsic) volcanic ash. The K-bentonite beds in the lower half of the
Collingham Formation as well as the older ones show a within-plate granite geochemical
signature, whereas the younger ones correspond better to a volcanic-arc granite association. All
the K-bentonites seem to originate from a magma which was generated by the melting of
crust that had already undergone a cycle of subduction-zone or continent-continent collision
magmatism.
The dacitic to rhyolitic volcanism was probably related to the broad Permian magmatic belt which at
present crops out in southern South America and/or its eastward extension. This magmatism can
probably be linked to tension and graben formation in Patagonia and was followed by
southward-directed, and later northward directed subduction-related magmatism to the south of
the African Plate. A counter-clockwise rotation of Patagonia can probably explain the tension in
the west and the compression in the east to form the Cape Fold Belt. Although still tentative,
the possiblity exists that the three K-bentonite-rich zones in the Karoo Supergroup can be
correlated with the deformation events of the Cape Fold Belt. A preliminary single zircon age of
262 ± 4 Ma was obtained by R. Armstrong for the basal part of the Collingham Formation.
Due to their mineralogical composition (illite instead of montmorillonite) the K-bentonites no
longer possess the physical properties necessary for use as an industrial material (eg. drilling
mud). There is, however, the possibility that the K-bentonites could be exploited as a source for
potassium and aluminium, but at present
this is not economically viable.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie omvat 'n geologiese en geochemiese ondersoek van die K-bentoniete (kaliumryke,
illitiese kleilae wat as veranderde vulkaniese aslagies beskou word) van Perm-ouderdom in die
Karoo Supergroep van die Hoof-Karookom. Dit behels ook 'n sedimentologiese en stratigrafiese
ondersoek van die Collingham Formasie (Ecca Groep) wat die eenheid is met die hoogste
konsentrasie K-bentonietlae.
Die 30 tot 70 i:n dik Collingham Formasie word konkordant deur die witverwerende, koolstofryke
Whitehill Formasie onderle en deur die Ripon Formasie in die suidooste, die Vischkuil Formasie in
die suidweste en die Tierberg Formasie in die weste en noordweste oorle. Die formasie bestaan
hoofsaaklik uit afwisselende dun lae harde, donkergrys, silikahoudende modderklip en baie
dun relatief sagter geelverwerende K bentonietlagies. Hierdie opeenvolging word sporadies
onderbreek deur chertlae, en in die boonste gedeelte van die formasie deur sliksteen en baie
fynkorrelrige sandsteenlae. Ysterryke moddersteen en fosfatiese kleisteen kom ook sporadies
voor. Die formasie kan in die suidelike en suidwestelike gedeelte van sy dagsoomgebied
in drie lede onderverdeel word naamlik die Zoute Kloof, Buffelsrivier en Wilgehoutrivier. Die
basale twee lede word geskei deur die Matjiesfonteinchert Laag. Afsetting van die Collingham
Formasie het plaasgevind as komvloermodders wat uit suspensie uitgesak het van onder- en bovloeie
en as pelagiese en hemipelagiese materiaal. Hierdie afsettings is periodiek onderbreek deur
kortstondige vulkaniese asvalle. Die boonste gedeelte van die formasie bestaan in die weste uit
komvloer- en buitewaaier-afsettings van 'n fynkorrelrige onderwaterwaaier.
K-bentonietlagies kom verspreid oor die hele Karookom voor, stratigrafies vanaf die Dwyka Groep
regdeur die Ecca Groep tot en met die basale Beaufort Groep. Drie sones wat relatief
hoer konsentrasies K bentoniet bevat is teenwoordig, naamlik in die Prins Albert, Collingham en
Abrahamskraal Formasies. Deur die K-bentoniete te gebruik as merkerlae is bevestiging verkry dat
die Dwyka/Prins Albert-kontak suidwaarts jonger word, dat die Whitehill Formasie met die boonste
gedeelte van die Vryheid Formasie gekorreleer kan word en dat die Wilgeboutrivier Lid ouer is as
die Ripon Formasie. Aanvoer van die vulkaniese as was vanuit die suide en suidweste as
lugvervoerde tefra afkomstig van oplandige Pliniese erupsies.
Die K-bentoniet bestaan hoofsaaklik uit illiet, veldspaat en kwarts (buiten waar dit
gesilisifiseer of verryk is aan ysteroksiede en/of karbonate). Die maksimum waargenome
korrelgrootte vir die grootste veldspaat- en kwartskorrels is 0,5 mm. Diagenetiese teksture dui
daarop dat 'n groot persentasie van die minerale wat tans waarneembaar is diageneties van
oorsprong is. Die diagenese en baie laegraadse metamorfose wat die K bentoniet ondergaan het kan
deur die volgende reaksies weergegee word: Silikaryke vulkaniese as + H₂0
-> montmoriJloniet + silika (opaal-A) + ione in oplossing-> montmorilloniet + zeoliet + silika
(opaal-CT)
-> montmorilloniet/illiet menglaagklei + zeoliet + silika (chert) -> illiet + albiet +
kwarts.
Cbemies is die K-benloniet verarm aan SiO₂ en verryk in Al₂O₃ (20-30%) en KP (5-10%) in
vergelyking met normale moddcrstenc. Die mccste beweging van komponente bet gedurende die
eerste stadium van diagenese plaasgevind, dit wil se gedurende die verandering van vulkaniese
glas na montmorilloniet. Dit is slegs die volgende geanaliseerde komponenlc wat skynbaar tot
'n groot mate immobiel gebly het: Al₂O₃, TiO2i Zr, Nb, Y en Ga. Die geochemie dui
daarop dat die K-bentoniet en gesilisifiseerde K-bentoniet oorspronklik suu.r (felsiese)
vulkaniese as was. Die K-bentonietlagies in die onderste helfte van die Collingham
Formasie en die wat ouer is vertoon geochemies 'n inlraplaatgraniet-verwantskap terwyl die wat
jonger is meer 'n vulkaniese eilandbooggraniet-neiging toon. Al die K-bentoniete skyn afkomstig te
wees van 'n magma wat gevorm bet deur die smelting van kors wat reeds deur 'n siklus van
subduksie- of kontinent kontinent-botsingsmagmatisme was.
Die dasitiese tot riolitiese vulkane was waarskynlik verwant aan die bree magmatiese
gordel van Perm ouderdom wat tans in suidelike Suid-Amerika dagsoom, en/ of sy
ooswaartse voortsetting. Hierdie magmatisme kan waarskynlik gekoppel word aan tensie en
graben-vorming in Patagonie gevolg deur suidwaarts- en nog later noordwaartsgerigte
subduksie-verwante magmatisme ten suide van die Afrilcaplaat. 'n Linksomdraaiing van Patagonie kan
moontlik die tensie in die weste en die kompressie tydens dievormiog van die Kaapse Plooigordel in
die ooste verklaar. Hoewel baie tentatief bestaan die moontli.kheid dat diedrie K-bentonietryke
sones in die Karoo Supergroep met die vervormingsfases van die Kaapse Plooigordel
gekorreleer kan word. 'n Voorlopige enkelsirkoon-ouderdom van 262 :!: 4 mj is vir die basale
gedeelce van die Collingham Formasie deur R. Armstrong verkry.
As gevolg van sy mineralogiese samestelling (illiet i.p.v. montmorilloniet) besit die K-bentoniel
nie meer die gewensLe fisiese eienskappe vir gebruik as indusLriele maleriaal (bv. boormodder)
nie. Daar bescaan egter 'n moontlikheid dal die K-bentoniet as 'n bron van kalium en aluminium
benut kan word, maar dit is tans
nie ekonomies rue.Doctora
Spatially-localized time dependent solutions including turbulence and their interactions in 2D Kolmogorov flow
No full textIn 2D Kolmogorov flow in small aspect ratio domains, spatially-localized solutions such as kink, traveling or time-dependent kink-antikink pars coexist. However, the conservation of the flow rate in the y direction strongly restrict combination of localized solutions and their positioning. We find that by adding a homogeneous flow U y their positioning is controlled and each of localized solutions including a spatially-localized chaos is isolated. Numerical results suggest that these isolated solutions can be elements constructing a whole flow
Characteristics of overlap region in high-Reynolds number turbulent channel flow
No full textDirect numerical simulation of the fully developed turbulent channel flows have been carried out at the Reynolds number based on the friction velocity and the channel half width, 2000, 4000 and 8000. A hybrid 10th order accurate finite difference scheme in the stream and spanwise directions, and a second-order scheme in the wall-normal direction is adapted as the spatial discretization method. We observed the plateau profiles in the indicator function corresponded to the von Karman constant. Furthermore, second peak of streamwise pre-multiplied spectra were appeared in the same wall normal height, 300 < y+ < 600, in case of Re = 4000. Nevertheless, the effects of the lager than the channel half height scale on the streamwise turbulent intensity are fixed contributions without dependence on Reynolds number. These results suggested that the new streamwise vortexes are formed between buffer layer and outer layer with increasing of Reynolds number
La 'circunstancia' de 'Herederos y Pretendientes
No full textIn June 2010, the Ortega y Gasset Foundation hosted a Conference about the “Spanish Philosophical Transition” in order to debate the book of Francisco Vázquez, La filosofía española. Herederos y Pretendientes. Una lectura sociológica (1963-1990), recently published. This paper is the author’s response to criticism raised in the Conference and to published reviews received by this book. First, the author summarized the argument of Herederos y pretendientes. Secondly he responds and takes into account the most important objections against the book’s hypothesis and methodology. Finally the author evaluates the favorable judgments received by the book and suggests the limits of the historian’s task.Fundación Ortega y Gasset-Marañó
Author self-citation in orthodontics is associated with author origin and gender.
No full textBACKGROUND
The aims of this bibliometric study were to determine author self-citation trends in high-impact orthodontic literature and to investigate possible association between self-citation and publication characteristics.
METHODS
Six orthodontic journals with the highest impact factor as ranked by 2017 Journal Citation Reports were screened for a full publication year (2018) for original research articles, reviews, and case reports. Eligible articles were scrutinized for article and author characteristics and citation metrics. Univariable and multivariable negative binomial regression was used to examine associations between self-citation incidence and publication characteristics.
RESULTS
Medians for author self-citation rate of the most self-citing authors and self-citations were 3.03% (range 0-50) and 1 (range 0-19), respectively. In the univariable analysis, there was no association between self-citation counts and study type (P = 0.41), article topic (P = 0.61), number of authors (P = 0.62), and rank of authors (P = 0.56). Author origin (P = 0.001), gender (P = 0.001) and journal (P = 0.05) were associated with self-citation counts and in the multivariable analysis only origin and gender remained strong self-citation predictors. Asian authors and females self-cited significantly less often than all other regions and male authors.
CONCLUSIONS
Authors in orthodontics do not self-cite at a frequency that suggests potential citation manipulation. Author origin and gender were the only variables associated with citations counts. More bibliometric research is necessary to draw solid conclusions about author self-citation trends in orthodontic literature
Overview of the Author Profiling Task at PAN 2013
No full text[EN] This overview presents the framework and results for the Author Profiling
task at PAN 2013. We describe in detail the corpus and its characteristics,
and the evaluation framework we used to measure the participants performance to
solve the problem of identifying age and gender from anonymous texts. Finally,
the approaches of the 21 participants and their results are described.The author profiling task @PAN-2013 was an activity of the WIQ-EI IRSES project (Grant No. 269180) within the FP 7 Marie Curie People Framework of the European Commission. We want to thank the Forensic Lab of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona for sponsoring the award for the winner team. The work of the first author was partially funded by Autoritas Consulting SA and by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España under grant ECOPORTUNITY IPT-2012-1220-430000. The work of the second author was in the framework the DIANA-APPLICATIONS-Finding Hidden Knowledge in Texts: Applications (TIN2012-38603-C02-01) project, and the VLC/CAMPUS Microcluster on Multimodal Interaction in Intelligent Systems. The work of fifth author was funded in part by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) project "Mining Conversational Content for Topic Modelling and Author Identification (ChatMiner)" under grant number 200021_130208.Rangel, F.; Rosso, P.; Koppel, M.; Stamatatos, E.; Inches, G. (2013). Overview of the Author Profiling Task at PAN 2013. CLEF Conference on Multilingual and Multimodal Information Access Evaluation. 352-365. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/46636S35236
Author Co-Citation Analysis (ACA): a powerful tool for representing implicit knowledge of scholar knowledge workers
No full textIn the last decade, knowledge has emerged as one of the most important and valuable organizational assets. Gradually this importance caused to emergence of new discipline entitled ―knowledge management‖. However one of the major challenges of knowledge management is conversion implicit or tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Thus Making knowledge visible so that it can be better accessed, discussed, valued or generally managed is a long-standing objective in knowledge management. Accordingly in this paper author co- citation analysis (ACA) will be proposed as an efficient technique of knowledge visualization in academia (Scholar knowledge workers)
Semana Santa y su simbología. 5 Segunda época Año 3 (2019) enero-junio. Rutas de Campo. Trabajo de Campo: Iztapalapa: memoria y cultura
No full textLos dos grandes momentos en torno a los cuales gira la cosmovisión católica, el nacimiento de Jesús y su muerte, han dado lugar, el primero, a la celebración de la Navidad, y el segundo, a la conmemoración de Semana Santa. En este texto nos ocuparemos de los años finales de la vida de Jesús, pues es precisamente Semana Santa la celebración litúrgica con que se recuerda su Pasión y su muerte. Recordemos que, en este contexto, el término “pasión” hace referencia al sufrimiento y a la serie de tormentos a que fue sometido Jesús poco antes de su muerte en la cruz, que todos conocemos.Altamirano, Ignacio Manuel (1974). Paisajes y leyendas. Tradiciones y costumbres de México. México: Porrúa.Calendario de fiestas tradicionales (1988). México: Dirección General de Culturas Populares-SEP.Calendario Litúrgico Pastoral 1991 (1990). México: Obra Nacional de la Buena Prensa.Campos, Rubén M. (1929). El folklore literario en México. Investigación de la producción literaria popular. México: Talleres Gráficos de la Nación._____ (1958). “Semana Santa”. En Fiesta. México: Talleres de la Secretaría de Hacienda.Castelló Iturbide, María Teresa (1958). “El altar del Viernes de Dolores”. En Fiesta. México: Talleres de la Secretaría de Hacienda.Catalán Blanco, Juan Carlos (s.f.). “Las fiestas de carnestolendas y la celebración de la Semana Santa en la época colonial” [inédito]. s.l.: Dirección General de Culturas Populares de Guerrero-SEP.Cid, Carlos, y Manuel Riu (1965). Historia de las religiones. Barcelona: Sopena._____ (1987). Compendio de historia sagrada y de la historia de la Iglesia. México: Progreso.Crumrine N., Roos (1979). “Cuaresma”. En Gran Enciclopedia Rialp. Madrid: Rialp.Estrada, Genaro (1945). Visionario de la Nueva España. México: Patria.Estrada, Humberto (1985). “La cuaresma” [inédito]. s.l.: Dirección General de Culturas Populares-SEP.Foster, George M. (1962). Cultura y conquista. Xalapa: Universidad Veracruzana.García Cubas, Antonio (1945). El libro de mis recuerdos. México: Patria.González Obregón, Luis (1936). Croniquillas de la Nueva España. México: Botas.____(1941). Las calles de México. México: Botas.Horcasitas, Fernando (1974). El teatro náhuatl: época novohispana y moderna. México: IIH-UNAM.Iglesias y Cabrera, Sonia C. (1996). Tradiciones de Cuaresma y Semana Santa. México: Museo Nacional de Culturas Populares-Dirección General de Culturas Populares._____ (2001). La semana Santa en México. Con la muerte en la cruz. México: Dirección General de Culturas Populares.Lercaro, Giacomo (1960). ¿Cuál es el vocabulario de la liturgia católica? México: Novaro.Macgowan, Kenneth, y William Melnitz (1964). Las edades de oro del teatro. México: FCE.Mendieta, Gerónimo de (1945). Historia eclesiástica indiana. México: Salvador Sánchez.Mendoza, Vicente T., y Adalberto Fuentes Cruz (1945). “Drama de la Pasión intitulado: el drama del Gólgota, que se representa en la delegación de Milpa Alta, D.F.”. Anuario de la Sociedad Folklórica de México, 6.Moreno Toscano, Alejandra (1981). “La conquista espiritual”. En Historia general de México. México: El Colegio de México.Olavarría Ferrari, Enrique de (1953). “Pasión de Cristo”. En Enciclopedia de la religión católica [t. V]. Barcelona: Dalma y Jovier._____ (1961). Reseña del teatro en México. México: Porrúa.Pike E., Royston (1986). Diccionario de religiones. México: FCE.Prieto, Guillermo (1969). Memorias de mis tiempos. México: Patria.Rodríguez, Mariángela (1991). Hacia la estrella con la Pasión y la ciudad a cuestas. Semana Santa en Iztapalapa. México: Ediciones de la Casa Chata-CIESAS.Sociedad Bíblica Británica y Extranjera de Londres (1929). La Santa Biblia. Londres: SBBEL.Vetancurt, Agustín de (1941). Teatro mexicano: descripción breve de los sucesos exemplares de la Nueva España en el mundo occidental de las Indias. Madrid: J. Porrúa.Verti, Sebastián (1991). Tradiciones mexicanas. México: Diana.Weckmann, Luis (1984). La herencia medieval de México. México: FCE
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