1,720,964 research outputs found
Interview with Shelley Hale Collier Sr.
No full textShelley Hale Collier, Sr. was born on 07 July 1896 and passed away on 04 July 1984. Mr. Collier served in the US Army Motorcycle Corps during WWI.https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/rgvoralhistories/1080/thumbnail.jp
Metabolomic Shifts Following Play-Based Activity in Overweight Preadolescents
No full textBACKGROUND:
Play-based activities can be a positive intervention to increase participation of overweight children. Metabolomics can reveal elemental shifts in the metabolome, lending potential mechanistic explanations behind improvements in physiological systems.
OBJECTIVES:
To elucidate dose-response urinary metabolomic signature shifts in overweight preadolescents following four or eight weeks of supervised play-based activity versus a typical summer break control group. We hypothesized that eight weeks of activity would cause the greatest shift in metabolites.
STUDY DESIGN:
Twenty-two recreationally active preadolescents (12 males, 10 females) were randomly assigned to a four-week (4w) or eight-week (8w) activity group or to a control group (C). Participants reported to the laboratory on two separate occasions during which descriptive characteristics were recorded and urine samples were obtained. Children in the 4w and 8w cohort were tested at the beginning and end of the four and eight weeks of a supervised play-based physical activity program where they were active for 6 hours a day, 5 days a week. Children in the C group were tested before and after eight weeks of an unsupervised summer break.
RESULTS:
A valid supervised partial least squares discriminant analysis model was obtained between post-exercise subjects in 8w and C (3 components, R2X = 0.332, R2Y = 0.976, Q2 = 0.091). The eight week intervention yielded significant metabolomic changes in several identified compounds.
CONCLUSIONS:
When compared to a typical unsupervised summer break, a supervised play-based intervention provides enough of a stimulus for a shift in the metabolome
Effect of play-based summer break exercise on cardiovascular function in adolescents
No full textAim: To compare the effects of 4 and 8 weeks of play-based, supervised exercise during
summer break versus an unsupervised break on cardiovascular function in adolescent
children.
Methods: Twenty-two subjects were divided into a 4-week exercise group (age
10.1 ± 1.3 years), an 8-week exercise group (age 9.4 ± 1.7 years) or a control group (age
10.0 ± 1.3 years). The activity groups participated in a supervised summer camp for 6 h/
day, 5 days/week including a discontinuous play-based physical activity program and a
healthy lifestyle, while the control group were told to keep their regular summer break
routines. Anthropometrics, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, blood pressure and
peak oxygen consumption were evaluated before and after the intervention.
Results: Normalized augmentation index (75 beats/min) significantly decreased after 4
and 8 weeks in the active groups (p = 0.04) while pulse wave velocity showed no
significant changes in all groups. Mean arterial pressure decreased (p = 0.003) and peak
oxygen consumption increased (p = 0.001) significantly in the 8 week group.
Conclusion: These data suggest that 8 weeks of supervised play-based activity yield
several cardio-beneficial results in adolescents, which may act as a clinical prophylaxis
throughout their lifetime
Effects of supervised exercise program on metabolic function in overweight adolescents
No full textAim: To compare the effects of 4 and 8weeks of play-based, supervised exercise during summer break versus an unsupervised break on cardiovascular function in adolescent children. Methods: Twenty-two subjects were divided into a 4-week exercise group (age 10.1±1.3years), an 8-week exercise group (age 9.4±1.7years) or a control group (age 10.0±1.3years). The activity groups participated in a supervised summer camp for 6h/day, 5days/week including a discontinuous play-based physical activity program and a healthy lifestyle, while the control group were told to keep their regular summer break routines. Anthropometrics, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, blood pressure and peak oxygen consumption were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: Normalized augmentation index (75beats/min) significantly decreased after 4 and 8weeks in the active groups (p=0.04) while pulse wave velocity showed no significant changes in all groups. Mean arterial pressure decreased (p=0.003) and peak oxygen consumption increased (p=0.001) significantly in the 8week group. Conclusion: These data suggest that 8weeks of supervised play-based activity yield several cardio-beneficial results in adolescents, which may act as a clinical prophylaxis throughout their lifetime
Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Preadolescents Following 4 and 8 Weeks of Play-based Summer Activity
No full textPediatric obesity is associated with a decrease in cardiac autonomic modulation and
baroreflex sensitivity. Physical activity increases heart rate variability in adults, yet no
study has elucidated the mode and intensity of exercise for beneficial effects on
cardiac autonomic modulation in children. Objective: The purpose of our study was to
examine the effectiveness of 4 and 8 weeks of supervised, play-based activity on blood
pressure, heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in preadolescents. Methods:
Twenty-two, 8 to 12 year-old children were randomly divided into a 4- and 8-week
activity group and an unsupervised control group (4w n=6, 8w n=6, and C n=10). 4w
and 8w groups performed play-based activities 5 days per week, 4 hours a day while C
group were instructed to maintain a regular summer break with no supervised
intervention. Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity were tested before and
after exercise with a heads-up tilt test. Results: systolic blood pressurewas significantly
lower in all three groups in post conditions (P=0.017, eta2=6.86). Normalized low and
high frequencies reported a significant group-by-time difference in both supine resting
conditions and after heads-up tilt (P=0.043, eta2=0.283 and P=0.05, eta2=0.277,
respectively) and total power in supine position (P=0.038, eta2=0.294) between the
8w, and the 4w and C groups, while baroreflex sensitivity increased by only 3
ms/mmHg in the 8w group. Conclusion: 8 weeks of supervised, play-based physical
activity improved autonomic nervous system activation with favorable changes in
sympathovagal balance in preadolescents during summer break
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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