1,721,008 research outputs found
Syrphid releasing vs Eriosoma lanigerum: preliminary results
No full textIn the last few years, one of the most worrying pests for apple production in the Southern Alps is woolly apple aphid (WAA), Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann. It causes hypertrophy and tissue ruptures in roots and shoots of apple trees. This can reduce sap flow, vigour, tree productivity and fruit quality. Since the challenge facing agriculture in the coming years is to produce a good yield of healthy food using improved environmentally friendly practices, enhancing biological pest control is crucial. A great control of the WAA population is made by the parasitoid Aphelinus mali Haldeman but only for a short period of the season. Syrphidae is known to have high predatory potential on the population of aphids in orchards, i.e., Ephisyrphus balteatus De Geer is one of the most effective biocontrol agents against aphids in apple orchards. For these reasons, the ability of Syrphidae in controlling the population of WAA in apple orchards of Trentino (North Italy) was evaluated during the season 2023. The trial was carried out in three potentially high-infested orchards: two orchards were treated with beneficial insects, and one was non-treated (control). The orchards were organic managed, cultivated with Golden Delicious variety on M9 rootstock. In the treated orchards, pupae of E. balteatus and Sphaerophoria ruepellii Wiedemann of the Koppert B.V. company were released in March. WAA migration on trees and A. mali population were monitored on sticky traps during the season. WAA infestation was assessed by visual observations of 50 marked shoots in each orchard from April to August, as well as the presence of predators. Preliminary results of one-year trial showed that Syrphidae release alone was not successful in reducing WAA infestation, but a positive effect could be observed as after one month from the release, Syrphidae abundance on WAA colonies was much higher in the treated orchard
Innovazione in melicoltura: sistemi multiasse a confronto
No full textThe article compares innovative multi-axis apple training systems developed by Fondazione Edmund Mach with the traditional Spindle. Long-term trials on Rosy Glow/M9 T337 showed that while Spindle trees are more precocious, multi-axis and Guyot systems achieve comparable or higher yields and better fruit color in mature orchards. Multi-axis designs simplify canopy management, enhance mechanization efficiency, and support sustainable orchard practices
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Gestione biologica e integrata a confronto: valutazione vegeto-produttiva in cinque anni di sperimentazione in meleto
No full textLa strategia Farm to Fork (F2F), promossa dalla Commissione europea nel 2020, prevede per l’agricoltura azioni che garantiscano un sistema alimentare equo, sano e rispettoso dell’ambiente. Relativamente alle produzioni vegetali, gli obiettivi della F2F prevedono di ridurre entro il 2030 in tutta Europa l’uso di agrofarmaci e fertilizzanti di sintesi e di portare al 25% del totale la superficie coltivata con il metodo biologico. In Trentino la superficie frutticola certificata biologica è di 1021 ettari (PAT, 2021). In un’ottica di aumento delle superfici a conduzione biologica si è voluto valutare nel medio periodo (dal 2018 al 2022) gli aspetti produttivi e di accrescimento del meleto al fine di poter paragonare le due gestioni in termini quantitativi e qualitativi. A tale scopo è stata impostata una prova in un frutteto della Fondazione Edmund Mach (Trentino), messo a dimora nel 2015 con sesto d’impianto 3,60 m × 1,00 m. La varietà è Gala (Malus x domestica Borkh), clone Buckeye® allevato su portainnesto M9 e sistema Bi-baum®. L’impianto è stato gestito fino al 2017 secondo il disciplinare di produzione integrato provinciale e da primavera 2018 parte dell’impianto è stato condotto con metodo biologico (Reg. UE 2007/834 prima e Reg. UE 2018/848 poi). Relativamente alla fertilizzazione, nella parte gestita secondo produzione integrata, è proseguito l’utilizzo di concimi minerali complessi mentre nella parte biologica si è impiegato, a cadenza triennale (2018 e 2021), del letame maturo proveniente da filiera locale per favorire modelli di economia circolare. La produzione cumulata nel quinquennio è risultata superiore nella gestione integrata rispetto quella biologica attestandosi rispettivamente a 79,6 ± 2,1 e 73,7 ± 1,8 (kg/pianta ± S.E.). Le analisi dei parametri qualitativi (amido, zuccheri, durezza, acidità) delle mele raccolte alla maturazione commerciale non indicano complessivamente differenze statistiche tra le tesi, risulta discriminante unicamente il fattore annata. L’analisi di fosforo, potassio e boro ritrovati nel frutto aumentano per la produzione biologica probabilmente grazie all’apporto di letame che ne migliora la disponibilità per la pianta e per i micronutrienti zolfo e rame legati al tipo prodotti impiegati per la difesa. I parametri di colore e pezzatura risultano per entrambe le tesi superiori al livello minimo richiesto commercialmente. Relativamente ai valori biometrici di canopy e tronco le piante di entrambe le gestioni crescono in modo costante negli anni senza differenziarsi. L’allegagione è sempre stata elevata in entrambe le gestioni differenziandosi solo negli anni 2018 e 2022 dove l’integrato ha subito un sovra dirado chimico dei frutti di post-fioritur
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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