1,720,953 research outputs found
Studio osservazionale multicentrico sulle cadute dei bambini ospedalizzati e validazione linguistico-culturale della Humpty Dumpty Fall Scale
No full textINTRODUCTION: Falls in hospitals are a major problem also in pediatric settings. No Pediatric Fall Risk Assessment Scales (PFRAS) are validated in Italian. Goals: to perform the Italian validation of the Humpty-Dumpty Falls Scale (HDFS); to assess its predictive performance; to estimate the frequency of falls in hospitalized children and to analyze possible associations between children’s clinical variables and falls.
METHODS: The study’s first step was the cultural-linguistic validation of HDFS in Italian. Second, evaluation of the Italian HDFS’s performance on 1500 hospitalized children. Third, modifications of the Italian HDFS to improve its performance. Fourth, analysis of falls frequency and associations between falls and patients’ clinical variables.
RESULTS: The Italian HDFS (HDFS-ita) showed good Validity (SCVI=0.92) and inter-rater Reliability (Cohen’s kappa=0.965), but poor Sensitivity (77.8%) and Specificity (36.6%). A new 3-item version of the HDFS-ita (HDFS-ita-M) was set, with a cut-off of 7, only for subjects 1 to 15 year-old. Although better, the HDFS-ita-M’s performance remains poor (Sensitivity=77.8%, Specificity=53.3%, ROC curve’s AOC=0.670). The frequency of pediatric falls was 6.38 per thousand children (CI95% 3.36–12.08) with a maximum frequency in children aged 3 to 6 years (11.28 per thousand children, CI95% 3.84–32.63). Motor/walking disorders (p=0.005), enuresis (p=0.0002), being in single room (p=0.04), admittance to pediatric neuropsychiatry/neurology wards (p=0.001), and neurological disorders (p=0.02) were associated to falls.
DISCUSSION: HDFS-ita-M has a better -but still poor- performance than HDFS-ita. This study provides useful data about pediatric falls and their possible risk factors which will help pediatric hospitals in determining patient safety policies. Further studies are needed to determine an adequate panel of variables to estimate pediatric falls risk.INTRODUZIONE: Le cadute in ospedale sono un rilevante problema anche in ambito pediatrico. Al momento non esistono scale per la valutazione del rischio di cadute pediatriche (PFRAS) validate in italiano. Obiettivi: effettuare la validazione in italiano della scala Humpty-Dumpty Falls Scale (HDFS); valutare la sua performance predittiva; stimare la frequenza delle cadute nei bambini ospedalizzati e analizzare le associazioni tra le variabili cliniche dei bambini e l'evento caduta.
METODI: La prima fase è consistita nella validazione linguistico-culturale italiana della HDFS. La seconda, nella valutazione della performance della HDFS italiana su 1500 bambini ospedalizzati. La terza, nella modifica della HDFS italiana per migliorarne la performance. La quarta fase è consistita nell’analisi della frequenza delle cadute e delle possibili associazioni tra queste ed alcune variabili cliniche dei pazienti.
RISULTATI: La versione italiana della HDFS (HDFS-ita) ha validità (SCVI=0.92) e affidabilità inter-valutatori (Cohen’s kappa=0.965) soddisfacenti ma ha mostrato scarse sensibilità (77.8%) e specificità (36.6%). È stata quindi approntata una versione modificata (HDFS-ita-M) con tre soli items e cut-off 7, solo per soggetti da 1 a 15 anni. Sebbene migliore della HDFS-ita, la performance della HDFS-ita-M rimane però non ottimale (Sensibilità=77.8%, Specificità=53.3%, ROC-AOC=0.670). La frequenza di cadute di bambini ospedalizzati è stata 6.38 per mille bambini (CI95% 3.36–12.08) con picco tra i bambini da 3 a 6 anni (11.28 per mille bambini, CI95% 3.84–32.63). I disturbi motori o della deambulazione (p=0.005), l’enuresi (p=0.0002), l’essere in stanza singola (p=0.04), l’essere ricoverato in reparti di neuropsichiatria o neurologia pediatrica (p=0.001), e una diagnosi di patologia neuropsichiatrica (p=0.02) sono associati alle cadute in modo statisticamente significativo.
DISCUSSIONE: La HDFS-ita-M mostra una performance migliore della HDFS-ita ma ancora poco soddisfacente. Ulteriori studi sono necessari per determinare un set affidabile di variabili utili a predire il rischio di cadute dei bambini in ospedale. Questo studio fornisce dati sulla frequenza e sui possibili fattori di rischio delle cadute di bambini in ospedale che potranno essere utili agli ospedali pediatrici nella pianificazione delle misure di sicurezza dei pazienti
PAROLE CHIAVE: Cadute accidentali, bambini, scale di valutazione del rischio, ospedali pediatrici, gestione del rischio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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