323,015 research outputs found
Early recognition of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infections using risk and protective factors identified by a group of Italian surgeons through Delphi method
No full textBackground: Surgical site infections (SSIs) constitute a major clinical problem in terms of morbidity, mortality, duration of hospital stay, and overall costs. The bacterial pathogens implicated most frequently are Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The incidence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) SSIs is increasing significantly. Since these infections have a significant impact on hospital budgets and patients' health, their diagnosis must be anticipated and therapy improved. The first step should be to evaluate risk factors for MRSA SSIs. Methods: Through a literature review, we identified possible major and minor risk factors for, and protective factors against MRSA SSIs. We then submitted statements on these factors to 228 Italian surgeons to determine, using the Delphi method, the degree of consensus regarding their importance. The consensus was rated as positive if >80% of the voters agreed with a statement and as negative if >80% of the voters disagreed. In other cases, no consensus was reached. Results: There was positive consensus that sepsis, >2 weeks of hospitalization, age >75 years, colonization by MRSA, and diabetes were major risk factors for MRSA SSIs. Other possible major risk factors, on which a consensus was not reached, e.g., prior antibiotic use, were considered minor risk factors. Other minor risk factors were identified. An adequate antibiotic prophylaxis, laparoscopic technique, and infection committee surveillance were considered protective factors against MRSA SSIs. All these factors might be used to build predictive criteria for identifying SSI due to MRSA. Conclusions: In order to help to recognize and thus promptly initiate an adequate antibiotic therapy for MRSA SSIs, we designed a gradation of risk and protective factors. Validation, ideally prospective, of this score is now required. In the case of a SSI, if the risk that the infection is caused by MRSA is high, empiric antibiotic therapy should be started after debriding the wound and collecting material for culture
The Ross Sea: examples of paleoclimate and sedimentary dynamic studies. The Holoclip and the Rosslope Projects.
No full textThe Italian sedimentological community works in Ross Sea since 1987. Many oceanographic and marine geology cruises were performed in order to investigate the areas along the Northern Victoria Land toward the Central Ross Sea. Many grabs, box cores and sediment cores samples were collected. Current researches are focused on the Holocene climate variability at high-southern latitude (Holoclip Project) and on a multidisciplinary approach to study the continental slope in order to understand past and present sedimentary dynamic in the ROSS Sea (Rosslope Project). The collaboration between Korean and Italian researchers will permit to collect new data in order to provide direct observations on modern and past bottom water processes during the Antarctic Araon cruise planned for the austral summer of 2012/2013
Side effects to levamisole given to neoplastic patients as adjuvant to surgery: A new case of agranulocytosis
No full textSide-effects to levamisole given as adjuvant to surgery in a consecutive series of 203 neoplastic patients are reported: Thirty-four patients (16.7%) suffered gastric adverse reactions; 8 (3.9%) allergic; 6 (2.9%) intestinal; 6 (2.9% neurologic; 4 (1.9%) severe hyperthermia (more than 40.5 degrees C); 3 (1.4%) flu-like illness; 1 (0.4% leucopenia; and 1 (0.4%) agranulocytosis. Withdrawal rate was 5.4% or 11 patients. Side effects appeared sex-related (39.0% in females, 17.7% in males; with seven female dropout out of 11), unrelated to other eventual adjuvant treatments, and reappearing at a new challenge with levamisole. The opportunity of very close control of patients taking levamisole for at least the first months is discussed
Submarine Mass-Movements Along the Slopes of the Active Ionian Continental Margins and Their Consequences for Marine Geohazards (Mediterranean Sea)
No full textThe Ionian margins of Calabria and Apulia (IMCA) have been affected by mass movements of varying style, scale and age. Here we present examples of seabed and subsurface features identified along more than 400 km of the IMCA from multibeam seabed imagery and subbottom profiles acquired by OGS since
2005. Four different types of mass movement phenomena are recognized with expression at seabed and in the shallow subsurface: (1) mass transport complexes (MTCs) within intra-slope basins, (2) isolated slide scars (ISS) along open slopes, (3) slope-parallel sediment undulations (SPSU) recording block-rotations linked to fluid migration, and (4) headwall and sidewall scarps (HSC) in submarine canyons.
Preliminary analyses of sedimentary processes suggest that both open-slope failures capable of triggering tsunamis and retrogression of canyon headwallswithin 1–3 km
of the Calabrian coast represent potential geohazards for coastal populations and offshore infrastructures
Evidences of carbonate preservation on the outer continental slope in the Western Ross Sea (Hallett Ridge and Central Basin, Antarctica)
No full textLate Quaternary Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) changes can be investigated by analyzing marine sediments (gravity and box cores) collected on the continental shelves and along the continental margins of Antarctica. These sites are strongly influenced by the ice sheet/shelf sediment drainage and inflow/outflow of polar water masses. In this respect, the continental slope of the Western Ross Sea (WRS) is still poorly studied, in particular its history is affected by uncertainties due to the scarcity of well-preserved calcareous foraminifera preventing the production of reliable age models.
We present the results of a study made on one gravity core (KI13-C2; Melis et al., 2021) and three box-cores (KI13-bc2, bc3 and bc4; Torricella et al., 2021) located on the Hallett Ridge and in the Central Basin where the presence of carbonate-rich intervals offers the opportunity, to time-reconstruct the AIS evolving changes since the Marine Isotopic Stage (MIS) 2. These intervals correlated with other carbonate layers identified in cores collected along the WRS continental slope provide important insights about a large-scale break-up of the ice shelf/sea ice system.
This study has been conducted in the framework of the STREAM Project (Late Quaternary evolution of the ocean-ice sheet interactions: the record from the Ross Sea continental margin, Antarctica; period 2019-2021), funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation and the National Research Foundation of Korea, and thanks to a grant approved by the Department of Mathematics and Geoscience, University of Trieste.
Bibliographic references
Melis R., Capotondi L., Torricella F., Ferretti P., Geniram A., Hong J.K., Kuhn G., Khim B.-K., Kim S., Malinverno E., Yoo K.C. and Colizza E. (2021) - Last Glacial Maximum to Holocene: paleoceanography of the northwestern Ross Sea inferred from sediment core geochemistry and micropaleontology at Hallett Ridge. J. of Micropal., 40, 15-35.
Torricella F., Melis R., Malinverno E., Fontolan G., Bussi M., Capotondi L., Del Carlo P., Di Roberto A., Geniram A., Kuhn G., Khim B.-K., Morigi C., Scateni B. and Colizza E. (2021) – Environmental and Oceanographic Conditions at the Continental Margin of the Central Basin, Northwestern Ross Sea (Antarctica) Since the Last Glacial Maximum. Geosciences, 11, 155
Textural and mineralogic characteristics of sediment cores from mud volcanoes on the Calabrian Arc, Northern Ionian Sea.
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The Pacific Entrance of the Magellan Strait: Preliminary Results of a Seismic and Sampling Survey.
No full textTriggers of Antarctic ice sheet instability across the Plio-Pleistocene transition (GRAINSPLAIN ) - Ferrante, G.M, De Santis, L., Ando’, S., Gales, J., McKay, R., Kulhanek, D., Perotti, M., Zurli, L., Rebesco, M., Cornamusini, G., Colizza, E., Van Der Flierdt, T., Singh, S.
No full textTriggers of Antarctic ice sheet instability across the Plio-Pleistocene transition (GRAINSPLAIN ) - Ferrante, G.M, De Santis, L., Ando’, S., Gales, J., McKay, R., Kulhanek, D., Perotti, M., Zurli, L., Rebesco, M., Cornamusini, G., Colizza, E., Van Der Flierdt, T., Singh, S.</p
The Pacific entrance of the Magellan Strait: Preliminary Result of a seismic and sampling survey
No full textDuring Spring 1995, in the frame of the Italian Programma Nazionale di Ricerche in Antartide (PNRA) 290 km of intermediate-resolution multichannel reflection profiles have been acquired in the Pacific entrance of the Magellan Strait with the RN OGS Explora.
The survey was carried out with two principal aims: a) to verify the occurrence and effects of the Magellan Fault along the western part of the South America-Scotia plate boundary, and b) to investigate the sedimentary architecture of the sequences of this sector of the Strait, with particular interest to those concerning the Pleistocene glacial events.
The survey herein described has been carried out in a marine enlargement of the Strait north of Isla Desolaciòn, between Cabo Pilar and Isla Tamar. Seismicenergy was provided by two G.I. Guns of 210 cubic inches each, with shot interval of 25m. The cable was a 48 channels -600 m streamer which furnished a 1200% coverage.
Record length was kept at 8 seconds and sampling interval at 1 ms. Three gravity cores were also collected from the bottom sediments. These data are integrated b a high-resolution seismic line longitudinal to the Strait recorded in 1991 and other three cores collected during different surveys in 1991 and 1995.
This work describes the preliminary results of the survey in terms of both tectonic and palaeoenvironmental frame. Its original aspect consists in documenting for the first time the location and characterization of the Magellan Fault along the westernmost arm of the Strait.
This result fills the gap with the central-eastern tract of the fault for which a number of works have been issued in the last years. Another aspect concerns the sedimentological data from core analyses that constrain the environmental evolution of the Pacific mouth of the Strait about the last 21 000 years
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