519 research outputs found
The genetic basis of behavioral divergence in three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
No full textSubmission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2026-05-01The student, Colby Behrens, accepted the attached license on 2024-04-19 at 14:36.The student, Colby Behrens, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2024-04-19 at 14:42.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2024-04-22 at 09:56.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #20506 on 2024-09-16 at 00:44:07Behaviors are extraordinarily diverse within and among animal taxa and can play important roles in adaptive divergence and speciation. In particular, reproductive behaviors can play a key role in adaptation and can act as important prezygotic reproductive isolating barriers. However, the selective factors that drive behavioral divergence are often unclear, especially in recently diverged species or populations. Similarly, the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying behavioral diversity are rarely understood, and dissecting the genetic basis of behaviors can be difficult due to the complex genetic architecture underlying the traits. Here, I addressed these questions by examining behavioral and genomic divergence between a pair of recently-diverged three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) known as the “white” and “common” stickleback. Typically, male three-spined stickleback provide extensive care to their developing offspring, but the “white” population has recently evolutionarily lost paternal care and diverged from the caring “common” population. This offers a unique opportunity to examine the mechanisms of natural behavioral variation between recently-diverged populations. First, I examined life history traits in both populations of stickleback. The evolutionary origin of parental care is often associated with shifts in a variety of life history traits, so I tested the hypothesis that the evolutionary loss of care is associated with reciprocal shifts of the same traits. I found that the female white stickleback invested significantly fewer resources in their offspring, suggesting that the loss of care is associated with predictable shifts in life history traits. Second, I examined how suites of reproductive behaviors coevolve during early divergence. After performing detailed behavioral observations, I identified significant divergence in a suite of reproductive behaviors, including nest-building, courtship, and parental care. These results suggested that coevolutionary feedback between behaviors can push reproductive strategies to rapidly diverge. Third, I explored how neurogenomic patterns shift across the reproductive cycle and how these transcriptomic states differ across the populations. Hundreds of genes were differentially expressed across reproductive stages, suggesting that commons and whites exhibit unique neurogenomic profiles throughout the reproductive cycle. Additionally, data from F1 hybrids suggested that this divergence may be driven by variation in trans, rather than cis, regulatory elements. Finally, I tested the hypothesis that a multi-gene locus, or “supergene”, facilitated rapid divergence in reproductive behaviors. I identified 10 genomic loci associated with behavioral variation. These loci were primarily non-overlapping, suggesting that distinct genetic mechanisms are responsible for the divergence in reproductive strategies between commons and whites. Together, these studies highlight the value in studying natural behavioral variation and address outstanding questions about the mechanisms associated with rapid behavioral divergence
Predator density influences nest attendance of Yellow‐headed Blackbirds Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
No full textNest attendance behaviour in birds is a function of the careful balance between the risk of nest predation and the needs of the parents and nestlings. This attendance must be carefully regulated, as increased parental activity at the nest increases nest predation risk. We tested the long-standing hypothesis that nest predation risk influences parental behavior by evaluating the influence of local Marsh Wren Cistothorus palustris density on the off-bout frequency of Yellow-headed Blackbirds Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus. Marsh Wren density was negatively correlated with Yellow-headed Blackbird off-bout frequency during the morning (0500-1000), day (1000-1600), and evening (1600-2100), suggesting that Yellow-headed Blackbirds alter their nest attendance behaviour in response to a perceived increased risk of nest predation. We suggest that Yellow-headed Blackbirds are sensitive to nest predation risk and alter their behaviour accordingly to increase overall fitness, although future research is needed to evaluate the influence of Marsh Wren nest predation on the reproductive success of Yellowheaded Blackbirds.This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Behrens, Colby, Zachary J. Ruff, Tyler M. Harms, and Stephen J. Dinsmore. "Predator density influences nest attendance of Yellow‐headed Blackbirds Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus." Ibis (2019), which has been published in final form at doi: 10.1111/ibi.12705. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.</p
Mond van het Haringvliet
No full textEr is onderzoek gedaan naar de sedimentbeweging ten gevolge van golven en getijstromen voor de mond van het Haringvliet. Het vooronderzoek is alleen gedaan door A Zwols; "Een onderzoek naar de invloed van golven op de mond van het Haringenvliet". Behrens heeft ook een eigen vooronderzoek gedaan over spiraalstromen, maar deze is los upgeload bij de repository.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Writing Now, Reading Now: Peter Behrens
No full textPeter Behrens's novel "The Law of Dreams" won the Governor-General's Award, Canada's most prestigious book prize. He's the author of a second novel, "The O'Briens," and the story collection "Nightdriving." His fiction and nonfiction have appeared in The Atlantic Monthly, Tin House, Brick, Best Canadian Stories and many anthologies. He is the Fall 2013 Wichita State Visiting Distinguished Fiction Writer
Author Correction: the BrainLat project, a multimodal neuroimaging dataset of neurodegeneration from underrepresented backgrounds
No full textIn this article the author name Maria Isabel Behrens was incorrectly written as Maria Isabel Beherens. The original article has been corrected.Versión Publicad
How Camouflage Works: the Dazzling Past and Future of Natural and Military Camouflage [poster, 2017]
No full textAlt Text: Poster with foreground image of a woman holding a parasol wearing black and white striped clothing. Additional images of a brown moth and a ship painted in black and white stripes. A blue text block with white and yellow letters below the images.
Transcription: A richly illustrated talk by author, designer and UNI professor. Roy R. Behrens. 2:00 pm Sunday, May 21, 2017. How Camouflage Works. The Dazzling Past and Future of Natural and Military Camouflage. Lewis and Clark Interpretive Center. 900 Larsen Park Road. Sioux City, IA. Exit 149 off I-29. Admission and programs are free. Program content is suitable for all ages. http://www.siouxcitylcic.com/.
Description: A poster announcing a presentation on camouflage, both natural and military, given by Roy R Behrens in Sioux City in May 2017.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/behrens_posters/1160/thumbnail.jp
Frank Lloyd Wright and Mason City [poster 08, 2017]
No full textAlt Text: Poster with a headshot of Frank Lloyd Wright in the background with an gray netting design on the right side of the head and shoulders. Tan image of four rows of beads in a half circle. Text in white letters.
Transcription: Frank Lloyd Wright. Mason City and Book Design. A 60-minute slide talk by Prof. Roy R. Behrens author of Frank Lloyd Wright and Mason City: Architectural Heart of the Prairie. Mason City Public Library. 6:00 pm, Tuesday, April 11, 2017. In the Mason City Room. Free and Open to the Public. National Library Week.
Description: Poster announcing a presentation by Roy R. Behrens on Frank Lloyd Wright, Mason City and book design on April 11, 2017.https://scholarworks.uni.edu/behrens_posters/1145/thumbnail.jp
Behrens’ narrative of the discovery of Easter Island:Two editions, two personalities, two realities
No full textThis article is dedicated to the figure of Carl Friedich Behrens, a member of the Dutch expedition led by Jacob Roggeveen, who re-discovered Easter Island in 1722. Behrens, a German soldier serving on one of the ships, left a narrative describing the whole journey. The first edition was published in 1737 followed, among others, by a re-published edition made by German anthropologist Hans Plischke that was published in 1923. The important thing is that this version differs from the original to a great extent and the editor did not account for the changes he had introduced into the text: besides grammar and orthography modernization, he omitted certain portions, misinterpreted other ones and added some comments without marking them as his own. As a result, the narrative gives an impression of having been written by another author; Behrens appears as a person with a different character and attitude, weaker, less convincing and even less trustworthy than he really was. This article presents numerous examples of the distortions as a warning against making a scientific or an anthropological use of unreliable editions of source texts, as this may wield a negative influence upon our view and interpretation of the culture we are analyzing
Parution : Doris Behrens-Abouseif, "The Book in Mamluk Egypt and Syria (1250-1517) Scribes, Libraries and Market", Brill, oct 2018.
No full textThe Book in Mamluk Egypt and Syria (1250-1517) Scribes, Libraries and Market Series: Islamic History and Civilization, Volume: 162 Author: Doris Behrens-Abouseif This book is the first to date to be dedicated to the circulation of the book as a commodity in the Mamluk sultanate. It discusses the impact of princely patronage on the production of books, the formation and management of libraries in religious institutions, their size and their physical setting. It documents the signif..
El llorar entre los nahuas y otras culturas prehispánicas
No full textThis article examines the practices and meanings of weeping in Mesoamerican cultures, with a focus on the Nahuas. Drawing from Nahuatl sources and intercultural comparisons, Daniel Graña Behrens shows how crying carried symbolic, social, and ritual dimensions. Far from being a mere expression of sorrow, it served as a means of sacred communication and as a performative act in rites of passage, death, and sacrifice. The author offers an anthropological and linguistic interpretation that links weeping to deeper structures in Mesoamerican thoughtEste artículo analiza las prácticas y significados del llanto en las culturas mesoamericanas, con especial atención a los nahuas. A través de fuentes en náhuatl y comparaciones interculturales, Daniel Graña Behrens muestra cómo el acto de llorar tenía dimensiones simbólicas, sociales y rituales. El llanto no se limitaba a la expresión de dolor, sino que era una forma de comunicación con lo sagrado, un gesto performativo en rituales de paso, muerte y sacrificio. El autor propone una interpretación antropológica y lingüística que vincula el llanto con estructuras profundas del pensamiento mesoamericanoUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Investigaciones Histórica
- …
