1,720,959 research outputs found
The Relevance of Synergy Between Forensic Pathologist and Toxicologist in Medico-Legal Autopsies
No full text
Medico legal investigations into sudden sniffing deaths linked with trichloroethylene
No full textSudden deaths attributed to sniffing trichloroethylene are caused by the abuse of this solvent which produces pleasant inebriating effects with rapid dissipation. In the event of repeated cycles of inhalation, a dangerous and uncontrolled systemic accumulation of trichloroethylene may occur, followed by central nervous system depression, coma and lethal cardiorespiratory arrest. Sometimes death occurs outside the hospital environment, without medical intervention or witnesses and without specific necroscopic signs. Medico legal investigations into sudden sniffing deaths associated with trichloroethylene demand careful analysis of the death scene and related circumstances, a detailed understanding of the deceased's medical history and background of substance abuse and an accurate evaluation of all autopsy and laboratory data, with close cooperation between the judiciary, coroners and toxicologists
DECESSO PER OMICIDIO O INTOSSICAZIONE DA ETANOLO ?
Full text linkIl meccanismo di morte dovuto all’intossicazione da etanolo è generalmente ascritto alla soppressione del centro cerebrale del respiro con un seguente abbassamento della saturazione dell’ossigeno arterioso. Evidenze scientifiche dalla Medicina Forense e studi di avvelenamenti acuti da etanolo, suggeriscono che le concentrazioni letali di Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC) relative ad etanolo siano > 400 mg per 100 mL. Il valore di BAC è solitamente ottenuto analizzando il sangue dell’arteria femorale mediante gas cromatografo a spazio di testa. Un altro parametro utile è il rapporto della concentrazione nell’umor vitreo (VAC) su BAC. Quando VAC: BAC è 1 la fase di eliminazione era raggiunta prima della morte. Questo parametro potrà essere utile per stabilire il tempo intercorso tra l’assunzione dell’alcool ed il decesso. La stima del BAC e/o VAC può però essere complicata da variabilità individuale, dalle matrici biologiche utilizzate e molti altri fattori. L’etnia può contenere differenti livelli di alcool deidrogenasi. Per es. nativi Americani non producono sufficienti ADH e quindi avranno una Cl ridotta con accumulo dell’alcool e maggiori effetti tossici. In circostanze come suicidio e omicidio la intossicazione da alcool può giocare una ruolo indiretto come causa di morte. In una recente revisione, il consumo eccessivo di alcool (es. binge drinking, heavy drinking e uso di alcool da individui sotto i 21 aa) è associato con un aumentato rischio di morte violenta. Gli effetti farmacologici del consumo di alcool possono contribuire all’associazione tra alcool e aggressione (subita o eseguita). In questo case report, portiamo l’esempio di un individuo di 28 aa, sesso maschile, peso 75 Kg, altezza 175 cm, razza afro-americana, che è stato trovato deceduto in un sottoscala con n°5 ferite da arma da taglio, di cui tre in regione addomino-pelvica, una alla regione del collo e una in sede toracica. All’apparenza, in sede di sopraluogo giudiziario, la causa del decesso poteva essere messa in relazione con le ferite, ma in sede autoptica tali ferite non avevano lesionato organi vitali e neppure avevano prodotto eccessiva emorragia. All’esame della BAC e/o VAC aveva una concentrazione di 473 e 278 mg/dL, rispettivamente. Poiché queste concentrazioni ematiche sono state frequentemente correlate come causa di decesso e le ferite non avevano leso organi vitali, la causa del decesso è stata ascritta ad intossicazione da alcool. In conclusione, questo caso solleva l’importanza di eseguire, nella vittima e/o nell’aggressore, correttamente le analisi di alcool ematico, urinario e dell’umor vitreo anche se, in una prima analisi, esistono prove per ferite da armi da taglio, da fuoco, incidenti, ecc. In secondo luogo l’importanza di prevenire il binge drinking che porta a maggiore rischio di morte violenta come vittima o aggressore
Crisi vaso occlusiva in una portatrice di trait falcemico scatenato da fenomeno di Raynaud.
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
