1,720,962 research outputs found
Changes in Biogenic Amines Levels of Lakerda (Salted Atlantic Bonito) During Ripening at Different Temperatures
Get PDFThis study aimed to examine the content of biogenic amines (BAs) throughout the manufacture of lakerda. The effect of different ripening temperatures (+4, 15 and 20C) on BAs formations during producing of lakerda, as well as the relationship between productions of BAs and chemical properties (pH, salt content, a(w) and WPS) were also studied. Tyramine, spermine and phenylethylamine were the major BAs in fresh and all stages of production, respectively. During ripening, all BAs, except for spermine, decreased significantly (P<0.05) in all temperature conditions. Surprisingly, the use of elevated temperatures (15 and 20C) for ripening significantly (P<0.05) decreased the amines contents. In the final products, total BAs ranged from 63.93 mg/kg in the sample ripened at 15C to 68.79 mg/kg in the sample ripened at 20C. Basic chemical parameters were significantly correlated with BAs. Traditionally production of lakerda is suitable from the toxicological point of view. Practical ApplicationsLakerda, traditional salted fish product, are highly regarded among consumers in Mediterranean region due to the characteristic flavors and storage stability. It has been practiced for over 600 years. Nowadays, it has been still produced in traditional way according to the original recipe in Turkey; the sliced fish is handled with dry salted method and generally ripened at room temperature in order to shorten a ripening period. Lakerda is made from fatty fish mainly the members of Scombridae family. The members of Scombridae family are contain high levels of free amino acids especially histidine in their muscle, therefore they are often implicated in biogenic amine (BA) poisoning incidents. In addition, using elevated ripening temperatures could be enable formation of higher BAs. Results may benefit the fishing industry and researchers who are striving to improve the processing and marketing of salted fish.Scientific Research Fund of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University [2010/28]The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Scientific Research Fund of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University (Project no 2010/28). The authors would also like to thank Dr. Bayram Kizilkaya (Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University), Canakkale Food Control Laboratory Directorate and Dr. Huseyin Genccelep (Ondokuz Mayis University) for their technical support in the BA analyses. This article represents part of the doctoral thesis of the first author (H. B. O). The authors declare that they have no competing interests
Chemical and Nutritional Characteristics of Holothuria tubulosa (Gmelin, 1788); A Seasonally Comparative Study
Get PDFSea cucumbers belonging to the Holothuroidea class are a group of worm-like and soft-bodied echinoderms that live in nearly all marine environments. Mediterranean Holothuria tubulosa is an economic sea cucumber species found in Turkish seas. This study aimed to present the first report of detailed amino acid profile and investigate the biochemical and nutritional characteristics of H. tubulosa seasonally collected from one of the densest natural beds, located at canakkale Strait (Southern Coast of Marmara Sea), Turkey. According to our results, the highest protein, lipid, and ash contents (%) were found to be 10.2, 1.9, and 5.1, respectively. The highest percentages of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were 42.9, 28.3, and 37.8, respectively. Total amino acids (mg/g crude protein) ranged between 867.2 and 974.0 among all seasons. All essential amino acids were found in body wall tissues and ranged between 7.1 and 5.9. Mineral composition was found to be desirable at the recommended and threshold levels. In general, the proximate composition of H. tubulosa was directly affected by seasons (p .05).Scientific Research Commision (BAP) of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University [FDK-2014-430]This work was supported by the Scientific Research Commision (BAP) of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Project No: FDK-2014-430
Microbiological quality of fresh and processed silver fish (Atherina boyeri, Risso 1810)
Get PDFIn this study, microbiological quality of a fresh water species silver fish (Atherina boyeri,) which is intensively exported was investigated. Coliform groups, fecal Streptococcus and numbers of total aerobic bacteria were searched in samples belong to fresh, frozen and frozen breaded products. Between the samples differences in coliform group and fecal Streptococcus were found but no significant difference was detected in numbers of total aerobic bacteria. In fresh, frozen and frozen breaded products number of total aerobic bacteria was counted between 4,1x10(4) and 9,8x10(4) cfu/g. Coliform groups were found between < 10(1) and 3,6x10(1) cfu/g in frozen products and between < 10(1-4)x10(1) cfu/g in frozen breaded products. Amount of fecal Streptococcus bacteria was found between 1,1x10(3) and 3,2x10(4) cfu/g in frozen products, and between < 10(1) and 2,1x10(3) cfu/g in frozen breaded products
Microbiological quality of seafood in the Dardanelles, Turkey
Get PDFIn this study, bacteriological analyses of fish (finfish and shellfish) quality between the landing point at wholesale fish market and seafood retail stores in Dardanelles region of Turkey were compared in 2004. Fish samples (N = 200) from the seafood retail store were found to be significantly (p<0.05; t-test) more contaminated than those of the wholesale fish market. Microbiological analysis showed that the total bacteria counts ranged between 1.0×102 and 3.9×105 cfu g-1 in the wholesale fish market and between 1.2×102 and 5.8×107 cfu g-1 in the retail seafood stores. Coliform bacteria counts ranged between<101 and 2.4×10-1 cfu g-1 in the wholesale fish market and between <101 and 3.2×105 cfu g-1 in the retail seafood stores. Fecal streptococci varied between <101 and 4.9×103 cfu g-1 in the wholesale fish market and between<101 and 3.2×105 cfu g-1 in the retail seafood stores. These results showed that fish sold at local retail seafood stores were either not stored in hygienic conditions or fish were contaminated during the transportation from the wholesale fish market to retail seafood stores. © 2006 Asian Network for Scientific Information
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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