1,720,978 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effectiveness of dyadic interventions to improve stroke patient–caregiver dyads’ outcomes after discharge: A systematic review and meta-analysis study
No full textBackground Because of the importance of a dyadic approach, it is necessary to conduct a systematic review to identify which dyadic intervention could be implemented for stroke survivor-caregiver dyads after discharge from the rehabilitation hospital to improve outcomes. Aims The aims were to systematically review the evidence to identify which dyadic interventions have been implemented in stroke survivor-caregiver dyads to improve stroke survivor-caregiver dyads' outcomes and to analyse, through a meta-analysis, which intervention was found to be the most effective. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL and PsycInfo. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCT studies published within the last 10 years were included. Quantitative data were extracted from papers included in the review using the standardized data extraction tool from JBI-MAStARI. Pooled effects were analysed between the experimental and control groups for each outcome. Results Sixteen studies involving 2997 stroke survivors (male gender=58%) and 2187 caregivers (male gender=25%) were included in this review. In 16 studies, which were subdivided into three quasi-RCTs and 13 RCTs, the application of dyadic interventions for stroke survivors and caregivers was systematically reviewed, but only a few of these identified a significant improvement in the stroke survivors' and caregivers' outcomes of its intervention group. Dyadic interventions showed a significant effect on stroke survivors' physical functioning (p=0.05), memory (p<0.01) and quality of life (p=0.01) and on caregivers' depression (p=0.05). Conclusions This study provides moderate support for the use of a dyadic intervention to improve stroke survivors' physical functioning, memory and quality of life and caregiver depression
Factors that condition the spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions among nurses: an integrative review
No full textAim To describe and synthesise previous research on factors conditioning the
spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions among nurses.
Background Spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions by health-care
providers, are a main instrument for the continuous evaluation of the risk–benefit
ratio of every drug. Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions by all health-care
providers, in particular by nurses, is a major limitation to this system.
Evaluation An integrated review of the literature was conducted using
MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus databases and Google Scholar. After
evaluation for appropriateness related to inclusion/exclusion criteria, 16 studies
were included in the final analysis and synthesis.
Key Issues Two factors emerged from the study: (1) intrinsic factors related to
nurses’ knowledge and attitudes; (2) extrinsic factors related to nurses’ interaction
with health-care organisations and to the relationship between nurses and
physicians. Nurses’ attitudes that hinder reporting include ignorance, insecurity,
fear and lethargy.
Conclusions Nurses are not fully aware of their role in adverse drug reaction
reporting. Nurses must acquire greater knowledge to implement specific skills
into their daily clinical practice.
Implications for Nursing Management To improve nurses’ reporting of adverse
drug reactions, it is necessary to develop management approaches that modify
both intrinsic and extrinsic factors
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Il taccuino come strumento didattico: appunti di viaggio L’esperienza di 100disegni
No full textIl taccuino. Un oggetto sul quale scrivere, appuntare, ragionare, disegnare. Il taccuino viaggia con noi: è custode fidato di schizzi, appunti, storie e suggestioni. È un prodotto personale: racconta chi siamo e cosa pensiamo.
Se un poeta si esprime con le parole, l’architetto comunica con il disegno. Purtroppo, col tempo, il saper disegnare è venuto meno nelle Facoltà di Architettura. Si è arrivati a sottovalutarlo e gli studenti hanno sempre meno confidenza col disegno a mano libera. Ponendosi l’obiettivo di fare acquisire dimestichezza con la matita ai futuri architetti, realizzare un taccuino che testimoni il loro viaggio verso la conoscenza e il disegno, è stato un ottimo esercizio all'interno dell'esperienza didattica di “100disegni”.
Arrivare in una città sconosciuta così come percorrere con lo sguardo attento la propria città è un’esperienza profonda e unica:“...tutto è come lo immaginavo e tutto è nuovo”. Le osservazioni di Goethe ci hanno portato a riflettere e a pren-dere in considerazione l’importanza di far intraprendere agli studenti delle Facoltà di Architettura un viaggio “d’istruzione e piacere”. Quel viaggio chiamato “Gran Tour” che i viaggiatori di un tempo si accingevano a fare per arricchire la propria formazione: tre itinerari illustrati, antico – moderno – contemporaneo, tra percorsi reali e incursioni nel proprio immaginario legato alla città.
Visioni insolite di “città” si confrontano in questo viaggio, in un progetto “collettivo”: osservare, conoscere e rappresen-tare la città e le sue architetture.
Il Gran Tour con gli studenti della Facoltà di Architettura di Roma Tre è iniziato a Roma, città-contenitore di ricchezze architettoniche inestimabili. Un viaggio attraverso la storia immersi nella quotidianità della visione, ma con uno sguardo consapevole alla ricerca di una propria memoria architettonica, quella memoria soggettiva che fa di un uomo, un archi-tetto colto, cosciente delle trasformazioni architettoniche che la storia ha consolidato davanti ai suoi occhi.
L’obiettivo è guardare la città attraverso l’occhio indagatore e rendere concrete sulle pagine del taccuino le conoscenze acquisite da una osservazione diretta dell’architettura.
I taccuini comporranno una mappa collettiva della città, un racconto a più voci, una raccolta di sguardi ravvicinati, tra-sversali e provvisori sulla città rappresentabile solo per frammenti eterogenei e per visioni personali.
Dall’osservazione diretta, alla rappresentazione minuziosa, a volte anche sommaria ma consapevole, il viaggio da intra-prendere deve toccare delle tappe fondamentali nella storia dell’Architettura. In giro per la città, matita e taccuino alla mano con una meta architettonica oppure alla deriva, nei posti preferiti o esplorandone nuovi, seguendo percorsi reali o immaginari. Gli studenti hanno percorso Roma disegnando tappa dopo tappa: Fori Imperiali, Colosseo, San Pietro, Pa-latino, Stazione Termini, Foro Italico, Eur, Garbatella, Villaggio Olimpico, Auditorium, Museo Maxxi, Chiesa della Misericordia e poi altre architetture e luoghi significativi per la contemporaneità.
Il viaggio iniziato da Roma si è protratto verso un’altra città particolarmente stimolante: Firenze.
Si è partiti con un bagaglio critico fatto di esperienza sul campo acquisita nel soggiorno romano e si è ampliato non appena arrivati a Firenze; la storia e il disegno si sono fuse in un unicum espressivo.
Il viaggio ora continuerà: Napoli, poi Venezia e...Las Palmas de Gran Canaria dal 22 al 23 nel maggio del 2014
The Association Between Mutuality, Anxiety, and Depression in Heart Failure Patient-Caregiver Dyads: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model Analysis
No full textBACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) patient-caregiver dyads experience severe psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression. A variable that has been found to be associated with anxiety and depression in patients and caregivers in severe chronic conditions is mutuality. However, this association has not been explored in HF patient-caregiver dyads to date. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations among mutuality, anxiety, and depression in HF patient-caregiver dyads. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. Mutuality, anxiety, and depression in HF patient-caregiver dyads were assessed using the Mutuality Scale (MS) total and 4 dimension scores and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using the actor-partner interdependence model to examine how mutuality of patients and caregivers was associated with both the patients' own (actor effect) and their partners' anxiety and depression (partner effect). RESULTS: A sample of 366 dyads of patients with HF (mean age, 72 years; 56% male) and caregivers (mean age, 54 years; 73.3% female) was enrolled. Regarding patient anxiety, we observed only an actor effect between the MS dimension scores of "love and affection" and "reciprocity" and anxiety in patients (B = -1.108, P = .004 and B = -0.826, P = .029, respectively). No actor and partner effects were observed concerning caregiver anxiety. Regarding depression, we observed that only the MS dimension of "love and affection" in patients had both an actor (patient: B = -0.717, P = .032) and a partner (caregiver: B = 0.710, P = .040) effect on depression. CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of MS in HF patient-caregiver dyads is important to formulate interventions aimed at improving anxiety and depression in patients and caregivers
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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