23,013 research outputs found
Compte rendu de Mark Coeckelbergh : «AI Ethics»
No full textCoeckelbergh (Mark), AI Ethics. – Cambridge (USA) : MIT Press, 2020. – 248 p. – (The Mit Press Essential Knowledge Series). – 1 vol. broché de 12,5 × 18 cm. – 15,95 $ US. – isbn 978-0-262-53819-0
Correction to: Mark Coeckelbergh, AI Ethics, Mit Press, 2021: Ethics of AI: The Philosophical Challenges (Science and Engineering Ethics, (2021), 27, 4, (50), 10.1007/s11948-021-00323-8)
No full textIn this article the title and running title were incorrectly given as ‘Marc Coeckelbergh, AI Ethics, Mit Press, 2021’ but should have been ’Mark Coeckelbergh, AI Ethics, Mit Press, 2021’. The original article has been corrected.Ethics & Philosophy of Technolog
Maak het niet te simpel om iemand te doden
No full textZe vliegen boven Afghanistan om terroristen te doden, terwijl de bestuurder veilig op een Amerikaans kantoor zit. Drones, onbemande vliegtuigjes, veranderen de manier van oorlogsvoering. Maar, zoals bij alle nieuwe technologie, liggen risico’s op de loer, stelt de Vlaamse ethicus en techniekfilosoof Mark Coeckelbergh van de faculteit Gedragswetenschappen. ‘Je moet vermijden dat oorlog voeren een videospel wordt.
Mark Coeckelbergh Wants “Democratic AI” to Build a Common World
No full textIn Why AI Undermines Democracy and What to Do About It, Mark Coeckelbergh challenges the prevailing notion of AI as politically neutral, asserting that it amplifies threats to democracy. He explores how AI furthers technocracy, authoritarianism, and centralized power in the hands of corporate elites. Moreover, he shows that as AI-driven algorithms increase polarization and misinformation, they ruin the civic culture essential to democracy, including a public sphere of trust, tolerance, and rational deliberation that produces consensus. However, Coeckelbergh envisions a future where AI enhances democracy rather than eroding it. He advocates for "democratic AI" — technologies designed to support public discourse, serve the common good, and foster a common world. Through this principle underlying tech design, in addition to civic education and stronger oversight of Big Tech, he outlines a pathway toward reclaiming AI for democracy. While there are unresolved tensions, such as between liberty and the common good, Coeckelbergh offers a compelling philosophical framework to inspire actionable reforms
Vulnerabilidad humana respecto la Inteligencia Artificial en el pensamiento de Mark Coeckelbergh
No full textAnalyzing the scope of Artificial Intelligence from the perspective and thought of Mark Coeckelbergh, it is possible to appreciate the existing relationship between humans and AI as a point of interest and questioning for multiple fields of knowledge, in such sense the present analysis emphasizes this relationship of the acceleration of technology and the vulnerabilities that it represents. A documentary analysis was carried out, with a critical approach, whose scope lies in the contrast related to the phenomenon under study, having as main sources the works of Mark Coeckelbergh and other sources linked to the proposal of this author, some of them journalistic. The dependence on technology implies a certain vulnerability that is increasingly evident, as a result of the acceleration of the technological race and the incorporation of AI in labor, educational and even daily activities. The author reveals critical elements that are of great interest and relevance for the various fields of knowledge, within these critical elements the most controversial is the chain of vulnerabilities that intertwine the human and the machine, aspect to it there are common views with other authors whose contribution is also relevant today.En el análisis sobre los alcances de la Inteligencia Artificial desde la perspectiva y pensamiento de Mark Coeckelbergh, se puede apreciar la relación existente entre los humanos y la IA como un punto de interés y cuestionamiento de múltiples campos de conocimiento. En tal sentido, el presente análisis hace especial énfasis en dicha relación como producto del aceleramiento de la tecnología y las vulnerabilidades que representan. Se realizó un análisis documental, con un enfoque crítico, cuyo alcance radica en el contraste relativo al fenómeno de estudio, teniendo como fuentes principales las obras de Mark Coeckelbergh y otras fuentes ligadas a la propuesta de este autor, algunas de ellas de tipo periodístico. La dependencia hacia la tecnología es cada vez más evidente, debido a su acelerada implementación en las actividades laborales, educativas e, incluso, cotidianas. El autor revela diversos elementos críticos sobre algunas ramas del conocimiento, entre los que se destaca, por su carácter controversial, la vulnerabilidad en las relaciones entre el ser humano y la máquina
The sense of a beginning : Bakhtinian dialogic criticism on 'the gospel' in Mark.
No full textContemporary literary approaches have caused paradigm shifts in Biblical Studies in the last two decades as it appears in a great deal of Markan studies using narrative, reader-response, deconstructive, feminist, and new historicist approaches. However, literary studies on the Gospel of Mark have not taken into account theoretical questions underlying those approaches. As a result biblical critics are driven by new trends without ever having a chance to examine the critical baggage of the approaches. Consequently, there is a gap of communication between the old and the new one. Therefore this thesis is an attempt to meet the need of enhancing the quality of critical endeavour in biblical studies. In the light of most recent competing critical theories of literature, the first contribution of this thesis is the methodological finding that Bakhtinian dialogic criticism contains the most profound philosophical and practical foundations for solving some crucial theoretical problems in contemporary literary theories. It is a critique to a Saussurian linguistic system of language which becomes the very foundation of modern and postmodern literary criticism. Bakhtinian literary theory shifts the foundation of literary criticism on linguistic signs into the creative activity of the socio-cultural production of human communication. The shift into socio-cultural reality of language communication makes the notion of 'genre' very important to unlock the problem of text and context in literary studies. Since the Gospel of Mark has fascinated most literary critics in Biblical Studies, the problem of 'genre' of this gospel is chosen as the focus of this study. Secondly, as no agreement is reached as to what 'genre' the Gospel of Mark belongs, this thesis makes its contribution to the discussion by locating the problem of 'genre' of Mark in the context of genre theories and argues that the Bakhtinian suggestion to find genre in the socio-cultural sphere by analysing artistic intercourse between narrative agents in Mark has freed the competing analysis from the unresolved problem between the kerygmatic (content oriented) approach and the analogical (form oriented) approach. To achieve finding 'genre' in the socio-cultural sphere, this thesis focuses on Bakhtinian analysis of the process of artistic intercourse between narrative agents. The narrative communicative interrelationships between narrative agents is constructed in this thesis as a 'stereophonic' Bakhtinian model of dialogic communication. This model is an original contribution of this thesis for revising the traditional two dimensional model of narrative communication. Based on this dialogical model of communication, a special role is given to the Bakhtinian 'author-creator' in the realization process of genre through the interaction of polyphonic voices. Through the interaction of voices of the author-artist and the hero we are led to discover a relatively stable type of portraying and controlling reality in Mark, known as the genre of Roman 'satire'. The closest literary affinity is Satyrica by Petronius. This narrative strategy of 'satire' in Mark has its root in the prophetic discourse of the Old Testament which is saturating the speech of the narrator, John the Immerser, the centurion, the people, and even Jesus. Finally, the whole search for Markan 'genre' culminates in the analysis of the realization of genre through the analysis of Bakhtinian chronotope. The reality of the genre of Mark is its social reality that is in its role as dpxrj/ 'beginning'. As the Gospel of Mark proclaims itself as 'a beginning', it defines its claim of socio-cultural 'authority' in early Christianity. It is this 'sense of beginning' which enables the narrating and the narrated world of Mark to interact dialogically
Book review: Coeckelbergh, Mark (2022): The political philosophy of AI
No full textMark Coeckelbergh starts his book with a very powerful picture based on a real incident: On the 9th of January 2020, Robert Williams was wrongfully arrested by Detroit police officers in front of his two young daughters, wife and neighbors. For 18 hours the police would not disclose the grounds for his arrest (American Civil Liberties Union 2020; Hill 2020). The decision to arrest him was primarily based on a facial detection algorithm which matched Mr. Williams’ driving license photo with the picture of a man who was suspected of watch theft two years earlier. Not only did the computer ‘get it wrong’ as one of the detectives said, when Mr. Williams made them aware that the picture of the suspect obviously wasn’t resembling him, the probably unreliable algorithm very likely contributed to racial discrimination (Hill 2020).
It is well documented that many available facial detection algorithms at this time had significant problems (e.g. a comparably high false positive rate) with respect to black persons, like Mr. Williams (NIST 2019). Multiple causes may exist, such as unbalanced training datasets and insufficient optimization. Coeckelbergh compares the disturbing case of Mr. Williams with a political interpretation of Franz Kafka’s The Trial, where the protagonist, Josef K., is accused of an unspecified crime by an opaque, oppressive and absurd bureaucracy: “In the 21st-century United States, Josef K. is black and is falsely accused by an algorithm, without explanation” (p. 2)
Book review: Coeckelbergh, Mark (2022): The political philosophy of AI
No full textMark Coeckelbergh starts his book with a very powerful picture based on a real incident: On the 9th of January 2020, Robert Williams was wrongfully arrested by Detroit police officers in front of his two young daughters, wife and neighbors. For 18 hours the police would not disclose the grounds for his arrest (American Civil Liberties Union 2020; Hill 2020). The decision to arrest him was primarily based on a facial detection algorithm which matched Mr. Williams’ driving license photo with the picture of a man who was suspected of watch theft two years earlier. Not only did the computer ‘get it wrong’ as one of the detectives said, when Mr. Williams made them aware that the picture of the suspect obviously wasn’t resembling him, the probably unreliable algorithm very likely contributed to racial discrimination (Hill 2020).
It is well documented that many available facial detection algorithms at this time had significant problems (e.g. a comparably high false positive rate) with respect to black persons, like Mr. Williams (NIST 2019). Multiple causes may exist, such as unbalanced training datasets and insufficient optimization. Coeckelbergh compares the disturbing case of Mr. Williams with a political interpretation of Franz Kafka’s The Trial, where the protagonist, Josef K., is accused of an unspecified crime by an opaque, oppressive and absurd bureaucracy: “In the 21st-century United States, Josef K. is black and is falsely accused by an algorithm, without explanation” (p. 2)
Democracy Sausage with Mark Kenny: How to be a liberal with Ian Dunt
No full textOn this Democracy Sausage Extra, Ian Dunt - host of the Oh God, What Now? podcast and author of How to be a liberal - joins Mark Kenny to discuss the history of liberal thought, how it has shaped present day politics, and the origins of the ‘culture wars’. Have the culture wars emerged out of the failures of liberalism? Why haven’t contemporary political actors done more to protect people from prejudice and the tyranny of the majority? And is liberalism a natural corollary to democracy? On this Democracy Sausage Extra, author, political journalist and broadcaster Ian Dunt joins Professor Mark Kenny to discuss the history of political thought, present day politics, and liberalism’s trajectory
[Interview with Mark Lane in Playboy Magazine #3]
No full textPoor quality photocopies of a magazine article which appeared in Playboy Magazine. The article features an extensive interview with Mark Lane, an attorney and author, who is critical of the Warren Commission's assessment of the assassination of President Kennedy
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