1,720,976 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Influence of allograft weight to recipient bodyweight ratio on outcome of cadaveric renal transplantation
No full textAIM:
One of the factors that may affect survival and function of kidney graft is its functional mass.
METHODS:
In a prospective study, we investigated the impact of the ratio between donor kidney weight in grams and recipient bodyweight in kilograms (DKW/RBW) on creatinine clearance, inulin clearance, and proteinuria: 154 kidneys from deceased donors were weighed and the mean kidney weight was 227 ± 59 g, the bodyweight of the recipients was 64 ± 19 kg.
RESULTS:
This study showed significant lower values of modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) in patients with DKW/RBW ratio 2.5 g/kg and between 2.5 and 4.5 g/kg compared with those with DKW/RBW ratio >4.5 g/kg as well as in patients with DKW/RBW ratio 4 g/kg; moreover a random coefficient model showed a different time evolution in creatinine clearance values in patients with DKW/RBW ≤ 3 g/kg when compared with patients with DKW/RBW ratio >4 g/kg. There were significant lower values of inulin clearance in patients with DKW/RBW ratio between 2.5 and 4.5 g/kg compared with those with DKW/RBW ratio >4.5 g/kg at 12 post-transplant months and a significantly greater occurrence and earlier appearance of proteinuria in the recipients with DKW/RBW ratio <2.5 g/kg. DKW/RBW ratio did not influence DGF incidence and graft survival. Donor and recipient gender, number of acute rejection episodes and donor age also significantly influenced MDRD values.
CONCLUSIONS:
Measurements of graft weight as well as donor kidney and recipient body matching should be recommended as influencing renal function
Renal ischemic preconditioning improves recovery of kidney function and decreases alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in a rat model
No full textPURPOSE:
We determined the role of ischemic preconditioning on renal function and histology in a rat model.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 34 Sprague-Dawley rats (Janvier Laboratories, Le Genet-St-Isle, France) were divided into 6 groups, including sham operation, ischemic preconditioning alone (5 minutes of bilateral ischemia followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion for 3 cycles), ischemia alone (60 minutes of bilateral renal pedicle clamping), ischemic preconditioning before bilateral ischemia, ischemic preconditioning before ischemia in left nephrectomized rats and ischemic preconditioning of the left kidney alone before 60 minutes of bilateral warm ischemia to assess the effect of left kidney preconditioning on the contralateral kidney. Serum creatinine and malondialdehyde levels were recorded at days 0, 1, 3, 11 and 15. Kidneys were harvested at day 15 for histological study and alpha-smooth muscle actin typing.
RESULTS:
At days 1 and 3 serum creatinine and malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower in the ischemic preconditioning group compared to levels in the ischemia alone group. At days 11 and 15 creatinine and malondialdehyde levels were similar in all groups and comparable to levels at day 0. At day 15 ischemic preconditioning kidneys showed significantly decreased fibrosis and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression than ischemia alone kidneys.
CONCLUSIONS:
Ischemic preconditioning improves the ability of rat kidney to tolerate subsequent ischemic injury in the first 3 days after reperfusion. Moreover, fibrosis and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression are decreased in ischemic preconditioning kidneys 15 days after reperfusion, suggesting a potential interest of ischemic preconditioning in surgical situations that expose kidneys to prolonged warm ischemia
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
[Valeur pronostique de l'index de résistance lors de la conservation rénale pulsatile hypothermique des greffons prélevés à partir de donneurs décédés après arrêt cardiaque.]
No full textInternational audienceObjectifsLa pénurie d’organe a conduit à utiliser des reins de plus en plus marginaux comme ceux issus des Donneurs Décédés par Arrêt Cardiaque (DDAC). L’évaluation de ces greffons est basée sur l’analyse des caractéristiques du donneur et des paramètres de perfusion. Le but de notre étude est de vérifier l’intérêt de l’utilisation de l’Index de Résistance (IR) pour l’évaluation de la viabilité des greffons.MéthodesDepuis 2006, 54 greffons ont été prélevés puis perfusés par la machine RM3 (Waters Medical®). Les donneurs respectaient les critères du protocole national de DDAC. Les greffons étaient perfusés avant extraction par sonde de Gillot (SG) ou par Circulation Régionale Normothermique (CRN). Une bi-greffe était réalisée si les IR étaient compris entre 0,35 et 0,5 mmHg/ml/min. Une étude que nous avons publiée montrait des résultats fonctionnels similaires entre des bi-greffes réalisées avec un IR compris entre 0,35 et 0,5 et des mono-greffes. Nous avons étudié le rôle des IR par rapport aux caractéristiques des donneurs et aux résultats fonctionnels post-transplantation.RésultatsEntre 2006 et 2013, 46 patients ont été transplantés à partir de DDAC. Huit greffons n’ont pas été transplantés du fait de mauvais paramètres de perfusion (IR > 0,40 mmHg/ml/min). Six patients ont eu une bi-greffe. Dix-sept greffes ont été réalisées après CRN et 29 après SG. Le suivi médian a été de 59,7 ± 34,6 mois. Il n’y a eu aucune Non Fonction Primaire (NFP). 86,9 % des patients ont eu une Reprise Retardée de Fonction. La clairance calculée moyenne à 12 mois est de 41,5 ml/min/1,73m2. Les IR des greffons conservés par Gillot ou par CRN étaient statistiquement différents. Le sexe, le taux de créatinine du donneur, les temps d’ischémie chaude, de low-flow, et les durées entre le début de CRN ou GILLOT et le prélèvement impactaient significativement sur les IR.ConclusionL’absence de NFP et les bons résultats fonctionnels permettent de valider notre stratégie d’acceptation des greffons en fonction de l’analyse des IR. Les IR sont corrélés au degré d’agression tissulaire subi par le greffon pendant la phase critique de l’arrêt cardiocirculatoire au prélèvement
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