1,720,967 research outputs found
SOILSENSE handheld device for soil monitoring
No full textSoil is a precious, essentially non-renewable, resource presently endangered by human activities. The road to protection goes through knowledge: there is the need to raise the global understanding of the importance of soil. Therefore, diffuse measurement of soil properties is central to soil conservation and management. We present a device tailored to monitor the soil quality by adopting a low-cost open-source multi-sensor approach. The device measures in the field soil temperature, moisture, density and pH. Furthermore, the device has a penetrometer to obtain a depth-resolved soil hardness characterization down to 60cm from the surface. The device is controlled via Bluetooth by a custom-built Android App. The application georeferences each data and uploads the generated-les to a server for data elaboration aimed to build and populate a map with all the collected soil quality measurements. The device is equipped with a temperature/moisture sensor, a 0-5kg load cell used as weight scale for density measurements, a reflectance spectra sensor for automatic reading pH test strips and, on the bottom side, a penetrometric tip mounted on a 100kg load cell coupled with an optical time-of-flight sensor for depth-referenced penetrometer measurements. Preliminary test evidenced good correlation between in-the-field observations and traditional laboratory tests. The device is easily also by unexperienced users, allowing for applications both in agronomic and in environmental fields, ranging from educational purposes and ICT learning of soil sciences to scientific projects related to soil monitoring and awareness raising Citizen Science initiatives
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Reflectivity analysis of a proposed multilayer coating for the slit assembly of Solar-C EUVST
No full textSOLAR-C EUVST is the fourth M-class mission of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, planned to be launched in 2028 as a the next solar mission after the successful - and still operating - Solar-B (Hinode). The mission is led by Japan with the contributions from NASA, ESA, and several European countries; the goal of the mission is to study the solar atmosphere in the extreme UV spectrum, carrying on board as its main instrumentation a spectrometer, EUVST (EUV High-throughput Spectroscopic Telescope), which includes also a Slit Jaw Imager. One key component of both instruments is the Slit Assembly, provided by an Italian Consortium led by the Italian Space Agency. The slit substrate requires a specifically designed optical coating to minimize the absorption in the visible and near IR spectrum and, at the same time, to maximize the reflection in the narrow bandpass centered at 280 nm, which is the wavelength observed by the Slit Jaw Imager. Since a high reflectivity is required, we verified that an aluminum-based coating can fulfill all the requirements. We then analyzed several typologies of protective dielectric layers, from single layer to more complex multilayer, using a genetic algorithm to optimize the number and thickness of the layers. A comparative analysis was performed focusing on both reflectance curve and absorbed heat. We selected two of the best performance coatings, the single layer protected aluminum coating SiO2/Al and the multilayer protected aluminum coating SiO2/[ZrO2/SiO2]3 /Al, and we prepared some samples. We analyzed the reflectivity of the samples in a broadband spectrum, from near UV to mid IR, comparing the measurements with the theoretical models. Both the theoretical models and the reflectivity measurements are presented in this work
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Synechococcus sp. PCC7335 responses to far-red enriched spectra and anoxic/microoxic atmospheres: Potential for astrobiotechnological applications
No full textRecently, cyanobacteria have gained attention in space exploration to support long-term crewed missions via Bioregenerative Life Support Systems. In this frame, cyanobacteria would provide biomass and profitable biomolecules through oxygenic photosynthesis, uptaking CO2, and releasing breathable O2. Their growth potential and organic matter production will depend on their ability to photoacclimate to different light intensities and spectra, maximizing incident light harvesting. Studying cyanobacteria responses to different light regimes will also benefit the broader field of astrobiology, providing data on the possibility of oxygenic photosynthetic life on planets orbiting stars with emission spectra different than the Sun. Here, we tested the acclimation and productivity of Synechococcus sp. PCC7335 (hereafter PCC7335), capable of Far-Red Light Photoacclimation (FaRLiP) and type III chromatic acclimation (CA3), in an anoxic, CO2-enriched atmosphere and under a spectrum simulating the low energetic light regime of an M-dwarf star, also comparable to a subsuperficial environment. When exposed to the light spectrum, with few photons in the visible (VIS) and rich in far-red (FR), PCC7335 did not activate FaRLiP but acclimated only via CA3, achieving a biomass productivity higher than expected, considering the low VIS light availability, and a higher production of phycocyanin, a valuable pigment, with respect to solar light. Its growth or physiological responses of PCC7335 were not affected by the anoxic atmosphere. In these conditions, PCC7335 efficiently produced O2 and scavenged CO2. Results highlight the photosynthetic plasticity of PCC7335, its suitability for astrobiotechnological applications, and the importance to investigate biodiversity of oxygenic photosynthesis for searching life beyond Earth
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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