1,720,957 research outputs found
Investigating the Role of Implicit Self-Esteem in Bulimia Nervosa
No full textCurrent cognitive models of Bulimia Nervosa (BN) emphasize the importance of global negative self-evaluations in the development and maintenance of the disorder. However, there are inconsistencies in the research findings that have examined the relationship between levels of selfesteem and BN. Although investigations are being made into, and tools designed to measure implicit self-esteem, to date in the eating disorder literature self-esteem has only been measured using self-report questionnaires and thus may only allow access to explicit self-esteem. The literature review examines the relevance of self-esteem within cognitive behavioural theories of BN and reviews the literature that has attempted to investigate relationships between levels of self-esteem and BN. Research investigating implicit self-esteem is then reviewed and the value of extending this research into the area of eating disorders considered. The empirical research then primarily investigates whether there are differences in implicit biases of self between individuals with eating disorders compared to healthy controls, using the Implicit Associations Test (IAT: Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998; Greenwald & Farnham, 2000). Differences between the groups in explicit self-esteem are also investigated. The results show a significant difference between the groups on both the explicit and implicit measures of self-esteem, but show that individuals with eating disorders actually have higher levels of implicit self-esteem. The results are discussed in relation to other research that has found that a positive implicit self-esteem bias exists in clinical populations and that considers the discrepancies between implicit and explicit measures.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Investigating the phenomenology of imagery following traumatic burn injuries
No full textIntrusive images related to adverse experiences are an important feature of a number ofpsychological disorders and a hallmark symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Depression, anxiety, and PTSD are all common reactions following a burn injury. However,the nature of burn-related trauma memories and associated intrusions and their contributionto psychological disorders is not well understood. The aim of the study was to take abroad look at the nature of imagery experienced by people who have sustained a burn injury.Nineteen participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing depression, anxiety,and PTSD symptoms and were administered a semi-structured interview which exploredthe characteristics (vividness, sensory modalities, intrusions, emotion intensity) of imageryformed in relation to their burn injuries. Ongoing intrusive imagery was reported by overhalf the participants and there were significant correlations between frequency of intrusiveimages and posttraumatic symptoms, and between intensity of emotions associated withintrusive images and depression and posttraumatic symptoms. A thematic analysis of thememory narratives revealed four main themes: threat to self, view of the world, view ofothers, and positive psychological change. These results are discussed in relation to existingtrauma theory and burn injury literature. Implications for clinical practice and recommendationsfor further research are proposed.# 2016 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserve
Implicit self-esteem in bulimia nervosa
No full textImplicit and explicit self-esteem were compared in a group of female participants with bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder (n = 20) and a healthy control group (n = 20). Lower explicit and a less positive implicit self-esteem bias in the clinical group was predicted. Participants completed a self-esteem implicit association test and two explicit self-esteem measures. The eating disordered group had lower explicit self-esteem, but a more positive implicit self-esteem bias than controls. The results are discussed in relation to the idea that discrepancies between implicit and explicit self-esteem reflect fragile self-esteem and are related to high levels of perfectionism, which is associated with eating disorders.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Presidential Commission on the Assignment of Women in the Armed Forces : report to the President, November 15, 1992.
No full textMembers of the Commission: Robert T. Herres, Mary E. Clarke, Samuel G. Cockerham, Elaine Donnelly, Thomas V. Draude, Mary M. Finch, Wm. Darryl Henderson, James R. Hogg, Newton N. Minow, Charles C. Moskos, Meredith A. Neizer, Kate Walsh O'Beirne, Ronald D. Ray, Maxwell R. Thurman, Sarah F. White.Shipping list no.: 93-0067-P.Includes bibliographical references.Mode of access: Internet
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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