125,316 research outputs found
Probabilistic gradients for fast calibration of differential equation models
No full textCalibration of large-scale differential equation models to observational or experimental data is a widespread challenge throughout applied sciences and engineering. A crucial bottleneck in state-of-the art calibration methods is the calculation of local sensitivities, i.e. derivatives of the loss function with respect to the estimated parameters, which often necessitates several numerical solves of the underlying system of partial or ordinary differential equations. In this paper we present a new probabilistic approach to computing local sensitivities. The proposed method has several advantages over classical methods. Firstly, it operates within a constrained computational budget and provides a probabilistic quantification of uncertainty incurred in the sensitivities from this constraint. Secondly, information from previous sensitivity estimates can be recycled in subsequent computations, reducing the overall computational effort for iterative gradient-based calibration methods. The methodology presented is applied to two challenging test problems and compared against classical methods
The role of Cockayne Syndrome Protein B in transcription regulation
No full textAbstractWe investigated the question if CSB (Cockayne Syndrome complementation B) protein actively regulates gene transcription and how mutations in CSB gene affect that regulatory role.Here we describe how we processed and interpreted ChIP-seq data (deposited in Gene Expression Omnibus with accession number GSE50171) obtained during an investigation of that question, and how this analysis assisted in the generation of hypothesis that were subsequently validated using other types of experiment
Liberating the modern Chinese football fan: a theoretical perspective
No full textThe cultural and philosophical heritage of modernism underpinning general marketing
management theory imparts profound implications for organisations operating in professional sport. This theoretical paper uses the context of China’s professional football industry to argue that marketing may benefit from a more postmodern approach to marketing management
Cockayne syndrome: report of four cases and review of the literature
No full textEl síndrome de Cockayne es una enfermedad de origen hereditario, de transmisión autonómica recesiva de prevalencia poco conocida pero muy poco frecuente en Colombia. Su presencia ha sido de difícil reconocimiento pero sus características físicas son muy reconocibles. El diagnóstico temprano orienta al manejo de las patologías asociadas como cataratas, alteraciones en piel y desordenes de desarrollo neurológico. Su reconocimiento ayuda a las familias, médicos y sociedad a entender su apariencia caquéctica además de otras características de su fenotipo, facilita su manejo físico y psicológico previniendo morbimortalidad.[Blandón B, Serrano JC. Síndrome de Cockayne: informe de cuatro casos y revisión de la literatura. MedUNAB 2007; 10:133-136].Cockayne syndrome is a disease of hereditary origin, of recessive autonomic transmission of little known prevalence but very rare in Colombia. Its presence has been difficult to recognize but its physical characteristics are very recognizable. Early diagnosis guides the management of associated pathologies such as cataracts, skin disorders and neurological development disorders. Its recognition helps families, doctors and society to understand their cachectic appearance in addition to other characteristics of their phenotype, facilitating their physical and psychological management, preventing morbidity and mortality.[Blandón B, Serrano JC. Cockayne syndrome: report of four cases and review of the literature. MedUNAB 2007; 10:133-136]
Hydrogen peroxide induced genomic instability in nucleotide excision repair-deficient lymphoblastoid cells
No full textCopyright @ 2010 Gopalakrishnan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.Background The Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) pathway specialises in UV-induced DNA damage repair. Inherited defects in the NER can predispose individuals to Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP). UV-induced DNA damage cannot account for the manifestation of XP in organ systems not directly exposed to sunlight. While the NER has recently been implicated in the repair of oxidative DNA lesions, it is not well characterised. Therefore we sought to investigate the role of NER factors Xeroderma Pigmentosum A (XPA), XPB and XPD in oxidative DNA damage-repair by subjecting lymphoblastoid cells from patients suffering from XP-A, XP-D and XP-B with Cockayne Syndrome to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Results Loss of functional XPB or XPD but not XPA led to enhanced sensitivity towards H2O2-induced cell death. XP-deficient lymphoblastoid cells exhibited increased susceptibility to H2O2-induced DNA damage with XPD showing the highest susceptibility and lowest repair capacity. Furthermore, XPB- and XPD-deficient lymphoblastoid cells displayed enhanced DNA damage at the telomeres. XPA- and XPB-deficient lymphoblastoid cells also showed differential regulation of XPD following H2O2 treatment. Conclusions Taken together, our data implicate a role for the NER in H2O2-induced oxidative stress management and further corroborates that oxidative stress is a significant contributing factor in XP symptoms. Resistance of XPA-deficient lymphoblastoid cells to H2O2-induced cell death while harbouring DNA damage poses a potential cancer risk factor for XPA patients. Our data implicate XPB and XPD in the protection against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and telomere shortening, and thus premature senescence.This research is supported by the Defence Innovative Research Programme, Defence Science and Technology Agency, Singapore (POD: 0613592) and the Academic Research Fund, Ministry of Education, Singapore (T206B3108). Supported in part by a grant from British Council, PMI2 Connect (Grant Number: RC134)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pharmacological bypass of Cockayne syndrome B function in neuronal differentiation
No full textCockayne syndrome (CS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by growth abnormalities, premature aging, and photosensitivity. Mutation of Cockayne syndrome B (CSB) affects neuronal gene expression and differentiation, so we attempted to bypass its function by expressing downstream target genes. Intriguingly, ectopic expression of Synaptotagmin 9 (SYT9), a key component of the machinery controlling neurotrophin release, bypasses the need for CSB in neuritogenesis. Importantly, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin implicated in neuronal differentiation and synaptic modulation, and pharmacological mimics such as 7,8-dihydroxyflavone and amitriptyline can compensate for CSB deficiency in cell models of neuronal differentiation as well. SYT9 and BDNF are downregulated in CS patient brain tissue, further indicating that sub-optimal neurotrophin signaling underlies neurological defects in CS. In addition to shedding light on cellular mechanisms underlying CS and pointing to future avenues for pharmacological intervention, these data suggest an important role for SYT9 in neuronal differentiation
Celmisia angustifolia Cockayne 1914
No full text<p> <b>9.</b> <i>Celmisia angustifolia</i> Cockayne (1914: 114).</p> <p> Type:— NEW ZEALAND. South Island, Canterbury, in fellfield or steppe from the lower sub-alpine to the alpine belts on mountains drained by River Waimakariri, but not where the rainfall is excessive (on label: Mt Torlesse Range at 900 m), 30 Dec 1901, <i>L.</i> <i>Cockayne 1960</i> (lectotype WELT SP45777! designated here; isolectotypes CHR 288141!, K 882082 [image!], WELT SP45778!).</p> <p> <b>Notes:—</b> The type material of <i>C. angustifolia</i> consists of one gathering (<i>L.Cockayne 1960</i>) divided into four herbarium specimens (syntypes). Although the labels of the four syntypes do not indicate exactly the same locality (WELT SP45777: Mt. Torlesse Range ab. 900 m.; CHR 288141: Spur of Mt. Torlesse above Staircase Gully, E. face; K 882082: Fell field on the east face of Mt Torlesse Range ab. 900 m a.s.l. (Eastern Bot distr.); WELT SP45778: E. face of Mt. Torlesse Range, 900 m.), all of them mention the same geographic area, which agrees with the protologue. The four specimens are equal in quality, but I have chosen WELT SP45777 because the label indicates in the author’s handwriting: “Type specimen”.</p>Published as part of <i>Saldivia, Patricio, 2023, Nomenclature and typifications in Celmisia (Asteraceae: Astereae): The New Zealand endemic subgenera Caespitosae, Glandulosae, and Lignosae, pp. 31-45 in Phytotaxa 591 (1)</i> on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.591.1.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7784168">http://zenodo.org/record/7784168</a>
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Celmisia glandulosa var. longiscapa Cockayne 1917
No full text5. Celmisia glandulosa var. longiscapa Cockayne (1917: 58). Type:—NEW ZEALAND. South Island, Fiord Botanical District, Upper Clinton Valley, on old moraine, L. Cockayne 7613 (holotype WELT SP3292A!, WELT SP3292B!). Notes:— WELT SP3292 (L. Cockayne 7613) is divided into two sheets A and B and both are labeled as holotype; this indicates that both collections were part of the same specimen. Thus, according to Turland et al. (2018, ICN Art. 8.3), both sheets correspond to the holotype.Published as part of Saldivia, Patricio, 2023, Nomenclature and typifications in Celmisia (Asteraceae: Astereae): The New Zealand endemic subgenera Caespitosae, Glandulosae, and Lignosae, pp. 31-45 in Phytotaxa 591 (1) on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.591.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/778416
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