1,721,141 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Analyse évolutive et fonctionnelle des gènes du cycle de vie des algues brunes
No full textLes Phaeophyceae (algues brunes) forment un clade d'organismes photosynthétiques eucaryotes multicellulaires, phylogénétiquement éloignés de la lignée verte. Le cycle de la plupart des espèces d'algues brunes alterne entre une phase sporophytique diploïde et une phase gamétophytique haploïde. Des études antérieures sur l'espèce modèle Ectocarpus ont identifié deux facteurs de transcription clés à homéodomaine TALE, OUROBOROS (ORO) et SAMSARA (SAM), qui contrôlent le programme de développement du sporophyte. Cette thèse fournit une analyse multi-échelle de la dynamique de l'expression des gènes au cours du cycle de vie des algues brunes, allant de la transcriptomique comparative sur diverses espèces à la caractérisation plus approfondie des premiers stades du développement du sporophyte. Tout d'abord, nous avons comparé les profils d'expression des gènes entre le sporophyte et le gamétophyte chez dix espèces d'algues brunes. Bien que la majorité des gènes soit exprimée par les deux générations dans chaque espèce, la proportion de gènes différentiellement exprimés entre les deux générations peut varier d'une espèce à l'autre. Nous avons été en mesure d'identifier des fonctions biaisées de manière conservée entre les différentes espèces étudiées, suggérant une identité transcriptionnelle partagée pour chaque génération. Nous avons ensuite analysé la dynamique de co-expression des gènes tout au long du cycle de vie chez l'espèce modèle Ectocarpus, en générant notamment un nouveau jeu de données capturant les premiers stades du développement du sporophyte. Cela nous a permis d'identifier des groupes de gènes co-exprimés impliqués dans des processus comme la transcription et la traduction, qui sont activés au début du programme du sporophyte. De plus, nous avons comparé la co-expression de groupes de gènes entre Ectocarpus et l'espèce plus distante Dictyota (divergence il y a environ 225 million d'années), ce qui nous a permis de montrer la conservation de co-expression de groupes de gènes entre ces deux espèces. Enfin, nous avons étudié les mécanismes moléculaires par lesquels ORO et SAM régulent l'expression des gènes. Une analyse in silico a suggéré des motifs de liaison potentiels d'ORO/SAM associés à des nucléosomes dont la position serait spatialement contrainte, mais la fixation in vivo d'ORO et/ou SAM à ces motifs reste à confirmer. Nous avons également caractérisé des mutants pour une protéine interagissant potentiellement avec ORO, BLZ1, et un troisième facteur à homéodomaine TALE, THD3, mais n'avons pas observé de phénotypes clairs liés au cycle de vie ou au développement. Dans l'ensemble, cette thèse fournit de nouvelles perspectives sur les fondements transcriptionnels de l'alternance du cycle de vie des algues brunes, des tendances évolutives générales aux événements de développement spécifiques contrôlés par des facteurs de régulation clés.Phaeophyceae (brown algae) are a clade of multicellular eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms phylogenetically distant from the well-studied green lineage. Most brown algal species alternate between a diploid sporophytic and a haploid gametophytic phase during their life cycle. Previous studies in the model species Ectocarpus have identified key TALE-homeodomain transcription factors, OUROBOROS (ORO) and SAMSARA (SAM), that control the sporophyte developmental program. This thesis provides a multi-scale analysis of gene expression dynamics during the brown algal life cycle, from comparative transcriptomics across diverse species to in-depth characterization of early sporophyte development. First, we compared gene expression patterns between the sporophyte and gametophyte generations in ten brown algal species. While there was a significant overlap in the genes expressed by both generations, the two generations exhibited distinct expression profiles and proportions of differentially expressed genes. Importantly, we were able to identify conserved generation-biased functions across species, suggesting a shared transcriptional identity for each generation independent of morphological differences. Building on this first study, we analysed gene co-expression dynamics throughout the life cycle in the model species Ectocarpus, including a new dataset capturing early stages of sporophyte development. This allowed us to identify key groups of co-expressed genes involved in processes such as transcription and translation that are activated at the onset of the sporophyte program. Furthermore, we performed a comparative co-expression analysis between Ectocarpus and the more distantly related species Dictyota (diverged ~225 million years ago), identifying conserved patterns of co-expressed gene modules across these two brown algal species. Finally, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which ORO and SAM regulate gene expression. In silico analysis suggested putative ORO/SAM binding motifs associated with positioned nucleosomes, but the in vivo binding and functional impact of these motifs remains to be confirmed. We also used a mutant approach to characterize a potential ORO-interacting protein, BLZ1, and a third TALE-homeodomain factor, THD3, but found no clear life cycle or developmental phenotypes associated with these genes. Overall, this thesis provides novel insights into the transcriptional underpinnings of brown algal life cycle alternation, from broad evolutionary patterns to the specific developmental events controlled by key regulatory factors
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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