1,720,961 research outputs found
Cromlech: Semi-Automated Monolith Decomposition Into Microservices
Full text linkMicroservices architectures conceive an application as a composition of loosely-coupled sub-systems that are developed, deployed, maintained, updated, and scaled independently. Compared to monoliths, microservices speed up evolution and increase flexibility. For these reasons they are becoming the reference architecture for many practitioners. A key challenge to embrace a microservices architecture is how to decompose an application into microservices: a choice that deeply affects all subsequent development phases in ways that are difficult to foresee and evaluate. Without any tool to support their reasoning, developers may erroneously evaluate the various alternatives, leading to inaccurate decomposition choices that would result in increased development, operations, and maintenance costs. This paper tackles the problem with Cromlech, a semi-automatic tool to decompose a software system into microservices. Cromlech (i) takes in input a high-level model of the system in terms of functionalities and data entities accessed by those functionalities, (ii) formulates decomposition as an optimization problem, and (iii) outputs a proposed placement of functionalities and data onto microservices, using a visual representation that helps reasoning on the resulting architecture. Cromlech evaluates design concerns, communication overheads, data management requirements, opportunities and costs of data replication. Our evaluation on a real-world industrial application shows that Cromlech consistently delivers more efficient solutions than simple heuristics and state-of-the-art approaches, and provides useful insights to developers
Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes: Fundamental Constraints, Representations, and Formulation of Boundary Conditions
No full textStarting from the analysis of the lack of positivity of the Cattaneo heat equation, this work addresses the thermodynamic relevance of the positivity constraint in irreversible thermodynamics, that is at least as significant as the entropic constraints. The fulfillment of this condition in hyperbolic models leads to the parametrization of the concentration fields with respect to internal variables associated with the microscopic dynamics. Using Brownian motion theory as a landmark example for deriving macroscopic transport equations from the equations of motion at the particle/molecular level, we discuss two typical problems involving hydrodynamic interactions at the microscale: surface chemical reactions at a solid interface of a diffusing reactant, and mass-balance equations in a complex viscoelastic fluid, in which the physics of the interaction leads either to overcoming the parabolic diffusion model or to considering the parametrization of the concentration with respect to the degrees of freedom associated with the relaxation dynamics of the solvent fluid
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Nucleation and growth dynamics of vapour bubbles
Full text linkThe nucleation of vapour bubbles in stretched or overheated (metastable) liquids is a complex phenomenon with a wide spectrum of applications. Several models, with different levels of detail, have been proposed to predict the key features of bubble dynamics from bubble formation up to its growth, transport and deformation. Most of them focus separately on a few of these aspects. Here, we present a thorough model based on an isothermal diffuse interface description of a two-phase liquid–vapour system endowed with thermal fluctuations, exploiting Landau and Lifshitz’s fluctuating hydrodynamic theory. The stochastic forcing allows for the spontaneous appearance of vapour clusters inside the liquid; the diffuse interface approach provides the hydrodynamic description of the subsequent growth and transport dynamics. In this work we focus on a coarse-grained version of this model, obtained through the averaging of the complete three-dimensional equations on spherical shells: the resulting stochastic equations will spatially depend on the radial distance from the vapour cluster centre. The numerical simulations give access to the mean first passage time, i.e. the time until, on average, the formation of a supercritical bubble. A rough estimate shows that the computational effort is reduced by four orders of magnitude with respect to brute-force atomistic simulations and by two orders of magnitude with respect to the full three-dimensional fluctuating model. The simulations extend up to the very long time scales, allowing us to analyse inertially driven bubble oscillations in confined systems with perfect agreement with available theoretical predictions
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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