196,793 research outputs found
Insights into gene tissue specificity and protein-protein interactions in the context of purifying selection in humans
No full textBackground: How much are natural selection and gene characteristics, such as the number of protein-protein interactions (PPIs), tissue specificity (τ), and expression level, connected? Methods: In order to investigate these relationships, we combined different metrics linked to genetic constraints and analyzed their distribution concerning PPIs, τ and expression levels. Results: We discovered a positive correlation between genetic constraints, PPIs, and expression levels in all tissues. On the other hand, we obtained a negative correlation between genetic constraints and τ. Furthermore, the fraction of variance in PPI and τ explained by the constraints metrics is around 6% and 10%, respectively. Conclusions: We observed that the variance of expression of tissue-specific genes seems not related to their level of selection constraints, which is the opposite of what is found on non-tissue-specific genes. Overall these observations would help to elucidate the relationship between natural selection and gene features
Hyper-cross-linked polymer loaded with graphite nanoplatelets for supercapacitor application
No full textyper-cross-linked (HCL) styrene-based resins filled with graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) at two different GNP concentrations were synthesized by means of a facile and efficient modified Davankov procedure. Firstly, the synthesized samples were broadly characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTG), and their BET surface areas were also evaluated. Afterwards, capacitance performance of the synthesized electrode materials was investigated by cyclic voltammetry in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution at different scan rates, also exploring the effects of GNPs concentration. The synthesized materials showed high specific capacitances (Csp) of 52.1 F/g and 60.4 F/g, values obtained with a concentration of the GNP fillers equal to 7.5 wt% and 10 %wt respectively. Moreover, the synthesized nanocomposites exhibited a high capacitance retention up to 97 % over 10000 cycles, thus confirming their excellent performances as robust EDLC electrode materials
The lithic assemblages: production, use and discard
No full textCe chapitre présente les industries lithiques trouvées dans les deux sites principaux, G 1 et
G3, à Gobero. Les assemblages sont analysés en fonction de leurs caractéristiques
technologiques et morphologiques et des différentes phases de la chaîne opératoire
The Effects of the combination of Adenoviral gene transfer on the feline fibrosarcoma cells Cocca-6A.
No full text<p>Every panel shows the phase contrast imaging (200× magnification, 24-hours post transduction) and the propidium iodide flow cytometry analysis of Cocca-6A cells transduced with 50 MOIs of various combinations of double or triple transductions using Ads carrying Ad.<i>RB/p105</i>, Ad.<i>Ras</i>-DN, Ad.<i>mda-7/IL24</i>, CTV.<i>mda-7/IL24</i> or CTV.<i>IFNγ.</i> (a–g) Single adenoviral transduction and controls: (a) Control untransduced Cocca-6A cells. (b) Ad.GFP, (c) Ad.Rb/p105, (d) Ad.Ras-DN, (e) Ad.Mda7/IL-24, (f) CTV.Mda7/IL-24, (g) CTV.IFNγ transduced Cocca-6A cells. (h–q) Combinations of double or triple adenoviral transductions: (h) Ad.Rb/p105+ Ad.Ras-DN, (i) Ad.Rb/p105+ Ad.Mda7/IL-24, (j) Ad.Rb/p105+ CTV.Mda7/IL-24, (k) Ad.Rb/p105+ CTV.<i>IFNγ,</i> (l) Ad.Ras-DN + Ad.Mda7/IL-24, (m) Ad.Ras-DN + CTV.Mda7/IL-24, (n) Ad.Ras-DN + CTV.<i>IFNγ,</i> (o) Ad.Rb/p105+ Ad.Ras-DN + Ad.mda7/IL-24, <i>(p)</i> Ad.Rb/p105+ Ad.Ras-DN + CTV.mda7/IL-24, (q) Ad.Rb/p105+ Ad.Ras-DN + Ad.CTV.<i>IFNγ</i> transduced Cocca-6A cells.</p
C9, t11-Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates steatosis by modulating mitochondrial uncoupling and Nrf2 pathway
No full textOxidative stress, hepatic steatosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction are key pathophysiological features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) mixture of cis 9, trans 11 (9,11-CLA) and trans 10, cis 12 (10,12-CLA) isomers enhanced the antioxidant/detoxifying mechanism via the activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and improved mitochondrial function, but less is known about the actions of specific isomers. The differential ability of individual CLA isomers to modulate these pathways was explored in Wistar rats fed for 4 weeks with a lard-based high-fat diet (L) or with control diet (CD), and, within each dietary treatment, two subgroups were daily administered with 9,11-CLA or 10,12-CLA (30 mg/ day). The 9,11-CLA, but not 10,12-CLA, supplementation to CD rats improves the GSH/GSSG ratio in the liver, mitochondrial functions, and Nrf2 activity. Histological examination reveals a reduction of steatosis in L-fed rats supplemented with both CLA isomers, but 9,11-CLA downregulated plasma concentrations of proinflammatory markers, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress markers in liver more efficiently than in 10,12-CLA treatment. The present study demonstrates the higher protective effect of 9,11-CLA against diet-induced pro-oxidant and proinflammatory signs and suggests that these effects are determined, at least in part, by its ability to activate the Nrf2 pathway and to improve the mitochondrial functioning and biogenesis.-Mollica, M. P., G. Trinchese, G. Cavaliere, C. De Filippo, E. Cocca, M. Gaita, A. Della-Gatta, A. Marano, G. Mazzarella, and P. Bergamo. c 9, t 11-Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates steatosis by modulating mitochondrial uncoupling and Nrf2 pathway. J. Lipid Res . 2014. 55: 837-849. Copyright © 2014 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc
The V-SINE as possible origins and targets of some important classes of miRNA in Danio rerio
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