1,720,969 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pliocene sea ice evolution in the Iceland and Labrador Sea – A biomarker approach
No full textSea ice plays a crucial role in the climate system. Although this is broadly acknowledged, the role of sea ice is not fully understood, especially during warmer periods such as the Pliocene (5.88–2.58 Million years (Ma) ago). Fragmentary evidence suggests that the Arctic sea ice was reduced in the Pliocene, but that it could have been transported into the Nordic Seas, when the East Greenland Current (EGC) developed, which established the modern Nordic Seas circulation. Today the EGC is the main exporter of cooler and fresher Arctic water masses into the Nordic Seas and carries 90% of the total sea ice exported from the Arctic Ocean with it. The main objectives of this thesis are to determine the presence of (seasonal) sea ice in the Pliocene Iceland and Labrador Seas and to identify the role of the EGC and sea ice on the Pliocene (sub-)Arctic climate. The Iceland Sea and the Labrador Sea are important and sensitive regions for determining the occurrence of sea ice and changes in the EGC and Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). Therefore, Early Pliocene to Early Quaternary sediments were investigated from the Iceland Sea (ODP Site 907) and the Labrador Sea (IODP Site U1307) using biomarkers (IP25, sterols, alkenones) to reconstruct the Pliocene paleoceanography and especially the sea ice cover in both areas. Additional information was obtained from palynological analysis of the same sites. My analyses revealed, that sea ice occurred for the first time in the Pliocene Iceland Sea around 4.5 Ma, together with a cooling of the entire Nordic Seas. The development of a proto EGC replaced warmer Atlantic water masses in the Iceland Sea and either favored the local formation of sea ice or directly exported sea ice from the Arctic Ocean. At ~4.0 Ma, an extended interval of seasonal sea ice in the Iceland Sea occurred contemporaneously with the establishment of a large sea surface temperature (SST) gradient in the Nordic Seas: the Iceland Sea cooled further, whereas the Norwegian Sea warmed. Increased warming in the North Atlantic and Norwegian Sea at this time may have lead to increased moisture transport towards Siberia, which can ultimately led to a freshening of the Arctic Ocean, favoring sea ice production and export (Paper I). Frequently occurring seasonal sea ice was reconstructed between 3.5–3.0 Ma in the Iceland Sea (Paper II), while the biomarker analysis indicate dominantly ice-free conditions in the Labrador Sea for approximately the same time interval (Paper III). This may have been the result of a weak EGC influence in the Labrador Sea, whereas the EGC influence was stronger in the Iceland Sea at times when the GIS was significantly reduced. The weaker EGC influence in the Labrador Sea might be coinciding with a strong subpolar gyre (SPG) circulation in the Labrador Sea allowing for more advection of Atlantic water masses into the Labrador Sea (Paper III). Higher-than-modern alkenone-based SSTs suggest that summers in both areas were sea ice-free. After 3.0 Ma, sea ice occurred less frequently in the Iceland Sea, whereas from 2.75 Ma fluctuations in the sterol record might suggest a nearby sea ice edge (Paper II). The Labrador Sea received more polar water and a sea ice edge developed after ~3.1 Ma implying an enhanced southward flow of the EGC (Paper III). The enhanced southward penetration of polar waters might agree with a weaker SPG circulation. As such, a sea ice edge and an intensified EGC might have acted as a positive feedback for the expansion of the GIS during the Northern Hemisphere glaciation by stronger sea ice albedo feedbacks and isolation of Greenland from warm Atlantic water masses, respectively
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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