269,485 research outputs found
The self in relationships: whether, how, and when close others put the self “in its place”
No full textWe examined whether, how, and when relational closeness reduces self-enhancement and, more specifically, the self-serving bias (SSB). Relational closeness was either measured or induced. In several experiments, either relationally close or relationally distant dyads worked on interdependent outcomes tasks. The SSB was present in members of distant dyads (i.e., participants took individual credit for the dyadic success but blamed the partner for the dyadic failure), but absent in members of close dyads (i.e., participants were equally likely to take personal responsibility for the success or the failure of the dyad). The gracious attributional pattern of close dyad members is due to: (a) forming a favorable impression of the partner; and (b) expecting attributional generosity from the partner. In fact, when the partner violates this expectancy (i.e., when helshe displays the SSB), members of close dyads respond by manifesting the SSB in turn. We discuss these and several other contingencies that are likely to keep an individual's self-enhancement tendencies in check
Close-up of Fig 1.
No full textClose-up of Fig 1 showing scree plots of Eigenvalue by the first six factors: Observed, parallel analysis, and broken-stick analysis.</p
Gender differences in self-reported late effects, quality of life and satisfaction with clinic in survivors of lymphoma
No full textObjectives: gender differences in perceived vulnerability to late effects and views about follow-up among cancer survivors have received little attention. As lymphoma affects both genders similarly, we compared the consequences of cancer (late effects, perceived vulnerability and quality of life (health-related quality of life (HRQoL)), and satisfaction with clinic visits between genders.Methods: a cohort of 115 younger adults (18–45 years, >5 years disease-free survival), who had been treated for lymphoma participated. Questionnaires (n = 91) were completed before and after (n = 62) routine consultant-led appointments. Survivors (n = 24) without appointments were recruited by post. Questionnaires included HRQoL, late effects, perceived vulnerability, issues survivors wanted to discuss and reported discussing in clinic, time waiting in clinic and consultation satisfaction.Results: there were no gender differences in number of self-reported late effects or perceived vulnerability. Men with more late effects reported worse psychological HRQoL (r = 0.50, p<0.001). While men wanted to discuss more topics than they did, women were able to discuss the topics they wanted (ANOVA, p = 0.01). Multiple regression analyses showed a shorter wait in clinic (r = ?0.46, p = 0.009) and discussing more topics (r = 0.34, p = 0.06) explained 30.6% of the variance in consultation satisfaction for men.Conclusions: issues surrounding follow-up provision are increasingly important given the length of survival in young adults following treatment for lymphoma. Men may experience poor psychological well-being due to distress about unanswered concerns. Consideration of their concerns should be prioritised, given that satisfaction and ultimately continued attendance at clinic and HRQoL may be dependent on the extent to which follow-up meets survivors' expectation
Determining the gluonic content of isoscalar mesons
No full textWe develop tools to determine the gluonic content of a resonance of known mass, width, and J(PC) from its branching fraction in radiative quarkonium decays and production cross section in gamma gamma collisions. We test the procedures by applying them to known <q(q)over bar> mesons, then analyze four leading glueball candidates. We identify inconsistencies in data for J/psi-->gamma f(0)(1500) and J/psi-->f(J)(1710) whose resolution can quantify their glueball status. When Gamma(f(0)(1500)-->gamma gamma) and Gamma(f(J)(1710)-->gamma gamma) are known, the <n(n)over bar>,<s(s)over bar>,gg mixing angles can be determined. The enigmatic situation in the 1400-1500 MeV region of the isosinglet 0(-+) sector is discussed.Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)0ARTICLE95749-57665
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Comment on "Explicit Analytical Solution for Random Close Packing in and "
No full textIn this short commentary we provide our comment on the article "Explicit
Analytical Solution for Random Close Packing in and " and its
subsequent Erratum that are recently published in Physical Review Letters. In
that Letter, the author presented an explicit analytical derivation of the
volume fractions for random close packings (RCP) in both
and . Here we first briefly show the key parts of the derivation in
Ref.~\cite{Za22}, and then provide arguments on why we think the derivation of
the analytical results is problematic and unjustified, and why the Erratum does
not address or clarify the concerns raised previously by us
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Close, M D, VX38761
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/377688Surname: CLOSE
Given Name(s) or Initials: M D
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: VX38761
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 1510191603
Item: [2016.0049.09986] "Close, M D, VX38761
Highly extensible skeletal muscle in snakes
No full textMany snakes swallow large prey whole, and this process requires large displacements of the unfused tips of the mandibles and passive stretching of the soft tissues connecting them. Under these conditions, the intermandibular muscles are highly stretched but subsequently recover normal function. In the highly stretched condition we observed in snakes, sarcomere length (SL) increased 210% its resting value (SL0), and actin and myosin filaments no longer overlapped. Myofibrils fell out of register and triad alignment was disrupted. Following passive recovery, SLs returned to 82% SL0, creating a region of double-overlapping actin filaments. Recovery required recoil of intracellular titin filaments, elastic cytoskeletal components for realigning myofibrils, and muscle activation. Stretch of whole muscles exceeded that of sarcomeres as a result of extension of folded terminal tendon fibrils, stretching of extracellular elastin and independent slippage of muscle fibers. Snake intermandibular muscles thus provide a unique model of how basic components of vertebrate skeletal muscle can be modified to permit extreme extensibility. © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
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