1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Applications innovantes de la spectroscopie et de la chimiométrie dans l'industrie pharmaceutique
No full textThis thesis proposes innovative vibrational spectroscopy and chemometrics applications within the pharmaceutical industry from raw material warehouse to commercial finished goods. The intention is to propound optimization and/or modernization of key factors of the processes in place to deliver medicine to the patient as quickly as possible, with the highest achievable quality.Vibrational spectroscopy is a non-destructive analytical tool used for identification, as well as for quantification of (bio)-pharmaceutical compounds which can be split into two types: Raman and Near-infrared (NIR). The main difference between the two is the type of vibration and transition energies measured. In some cases, these techniques might be used in combination for chemical and physical overview of a compound.The first part of the thesis aimed to identify active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) with Raman spectroscopy. Raman manufacturers have introduced to the market handheld easy to use devices in order to deliver results within a matter of seconds. Nevertheless, developing a method prior to routine use is a mandatory step. In order to optimize and speed up this phase, a study where library transfer from a donor benchtop Raman towardsvarious Raman receiver devices was evaluated. The aim was to create a unique library of API on a lab spectrophotometer and to illustrate that a transfer to various Raman systems is possible. Consequently, library creation as well as the set-up of a device for routine measurementswould be faster avoiding the acquisition of hundreds of samples on each system, and allowing an optimizing method update strategy.The second part of the thesis aimed to evaluate residual moisture content (rMC) determination in freeze-dried (bio)-pharmaceuticals by NIR. Indeed, rMC is a critical quality attribute (CQA) for lyophilized products and is the first criterion indicating the smooth running of a process. Residual water needs to be controlled and maintained. However, new types of high potent (bio)-pharmaceuticals have been appearing on the market. Themanipulation of these products is a challenge for all pharmaceutical firms and NIR is a suitable technique for their analysis.To put it in a nutshell, a preliminary study was dedicated to understanding and optimizing a freeze-dried process using QbB and DoE principles, as well as NIR spectroscopy. The objectives were to evaluate a new freeze-dried process of a drug product currently available in liquid form, to understand the relationship between rMC and the complex interplay between excipients and lyophilization process parameters, to evaluate a robustrMC model. Using NIR and chemometric principles, the moisture content distribution was evaluated as well as to have an understanding of the differences between lyophilized runs.One of the advantages of the previous study is the possibility to select the manufacturing plant runs of interest. For instance, if two runs appeared potentially suitable, further investigation can be executed. Based on this, the study that followed is a presentation of an online application evaluation after a freeze drying process optimization. Using a NIR instrument embedded in an inspection machine, thousands of samples of a product manufactured with a reference process were measured for rMC determination. Subsequently, thousands more samples of the same product were manufactured with an optimized process. In this study, NIR was used as a final decisive tool to corroborate the results of prior development experiments.After endorsement of a freeze-dried process, the commercial manufacturing can begin. The third study is the presentation of a complete method validation applied on a commercial freeze-dried product for a quality control application. This study was also completed by some case studies in order to understand how the NIR method evolves over time.In conclusion, this work shows new elements of the versatility of vibrational spectroscopy for process understanding, process optimization, release testing, as well as accelerating method validation strategy, and proposes examples of lead time reduction using innovative strategies & tools
Innovative applications of spectroscopy and chemometrics for the pharmaceutical industry/Applications innovantes de la spectroscopie et de la chimiom\ue9trie dans l'industrie pharmaceutique
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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