517 research outputs found
Parlamento y política exterior de Chile: un balance de 20 años (1990-2010)
No full textEl enfoque de este trabajo del profesor de Derecho Internacional Público de la Facultad, Claudio Troncoso, se centra en la intervención del Congreso Nacional y la contribución de las discusiones originadas en éste en asuntos internacionales durante las décadas de 1990 y 2000
High prevalence of CTX-M-1 group in ESBL-producing <i>enterobacteriaceae</i> infection in intensive care units in southern Chile
No full textThe present study was supported by DIUFRO at Universidad de La Frontera, Chile (GrantDI15-0070). Claudia Troncoso is recipient of fellowships from CONICYT-Chile (Doctoral Grant: CONICYT-PFCHA/Doctorado Nacional/2017-21171513)
Derecho internacional de los derechos humanos de las mujeres y su recepción por los tribunales superiores de justicia
No full textMemoria (licenciado en ciencias jurídicas y sociales)Este trabajo se enmarcó dentro del Proyecto de Investigación Fondecyt elaborado por el Centro de Derechos Humanos de la Facultad, a cargo del Dr. Claudio Nash: “Recepción jurisdiccional sustantiva de la normativa y jurisprudencia nacional en Chile: el proceso de reconfiguración de los derechos fundamentales y su impacto de protección de grupos discriminados”. El objetivo de esta Memoria es determinar la forma en que se utiliza el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos de las mujeres en la jurisprudencia nacional. Para esto, primero se buscó comprender en qué consiste dicho derecho, la necesidad de su existencia, y qué comprende (Convención contra todas las formas de discriminación contra la mujer, Convención Belém do Pará, Convenios OIT y estándares derivados de jurisprudencia de la CIDH y la Corte IDH). Posteriormente, se realizó una recopilación de jurisprudencia nacional que utilizaba estándares contenidos en instrumentos internacionales sobre el derecho de las mujeres y se analizó el modo en que era utilizado por la Corte Suprema y las Cortes de Apelaciones. Finalmente, se realizó ese mismo análisis con sentencias emanadas de los tribunales superiores de México, Colombia y Argentina, con el objetivo de vislumbrar la posible utilización sustantiva del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos de las mujeres por la jurisprudencia
La cláusula de la hegemonía en la liga Délica (Th. 3,10,4 ; 11,3)
No full textThis paper is an attempt ta reconstruct the hegemony clause in the Delian League. The author analyses the use of έπεσθαι in different sources of the 5th century : Herodotus, some treaties of alliance and above all Thucydides.Nous tentons ici de reconstruire la clause de l’hégémonie jurée par les membres de la Ligue de Délos, en 478/77. L’auteur analyse l’emploi de la formule έπεσθαι dans les sources du Ve siècle, surtout Thucydide, mais aussi Hérodote et l’épigraphie des traités d’alliance.Alonso Troncoso Victor. La cláusula de la hegemonía en la liga Délica (Th. 3,10,4 ; 11,3). In: Ktèma : civilisations de l'Orient, de la Grèce et de Rome antiques, N°27, 2002. Hommage à Edmond Lévy. pp. 57-63
Asymptotic symmetries and dynamics of three-dimensional flat supergravity
No full textA consistent set of asymptotic conditions for the simplest supergravity theory without cosmological constant in three dimensions is proposed. The canonical generators associated to the asymptotic symmetries are shown to span a supersymmetric extension of the BMS3 algebra with an appropriate central charge. The energy is manifestly bounded from below with the ground state given by the null orbifold or Minkowski spacetime for periodic, respectively antiperiodic boundary conditions on the gravitino. These results are related to the corresponding ones in AdS3 supergravity by a suitable flat limit. The analysis is generalized to the case of minimal flat supergravity with additional parity odd terms for which the Poisson algebra of canonical generators form a representation of the super-BMS3 algebra with an additional central charge. © 2014 The Author(s).SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Liquid-Liquid Criticality in TIP4P/2005 and Three-State Models of Water
No full text9 pags., 7 figs. -- Published as part of The Journal of Physical Chemistry virtual special issue “Pablo G. Debenedetti Festschrift”Molecular dynamics simulations leading to the isothermal compressibility, the isobaric thermal expansivity, and the isobaric heat capacity of TIP4P/2005 water are found to be consistent with the coordinates of its second, liquid-liquid critical point reported recently by Debenedetti et al. [ Science 2020, 369, 289-292]. In accord with the theory of critical phenomena, we encounter that the rise in the magnitude of these response functions as temperature is lowered is especially marked along the critical isochore. Furthermore, response-function ratios provide a test for thermodynamic consistency at the critical point and manifest nonuniversal features sharply distinguishing liquid-liquid from standard gas-liquid criticality. The whole pattern of behavior revealed by simulations is qualitatively the same as the one of a three-state Ising model of water exhibiting a low-temperature liquid-liquid critical point. Exact solutions for the two-state components of such a three-state model are also provided.Support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under grant no. PID2020-115722GB-C22 is greatly acknowledged. We also appreciate funding for Open Access charge by Universidade de Vigo/CISUGPeer reviewe
Aggregate agricultural supply response in developing countries : a survey of selected issues
No full textThe authors review several studies of the aggregate agricultural supply response. Using both economic and econometric reasons, they argue that time series estimation typically generates a downward-biased estimate of the response to a credible reform. Even though time series estimates can provide an accurate picture of past behavoiral relations, they do not provide an adequate basis for forecasting the impact of policy reform. This is especially true in developing countries, where policy reforms involve large changes and have included agricultural price reform, industrial trade liberalization, financial sector reform, and macroeconomic stabilization. Under those circumstances, parameters values obtained under the former policy regime have little relevance in the new regime. The authors also argue that investment in public goods should be viewed as complementary to, not competitive with, price policy. They claim that to select the policy with the biggest impact on output makes no sense. They provide what they consider to be better criteria for choosing the best from alternative policies.Environmental Economics&Policies,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Economic Theory&Research,Markets and Market Access,Labor Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Access to Markets,Markets and Market Access,Inequality
Effects of Zr on the amorphization of Cu-Ni-Zr alloys prepared by mechanical alloying
No full textThis work presents the effects of high energy milling with different Ni and Zr ratios on the amorphization of ternary Cu-Ni-Zr alloys (initially, Cu-43Ni-7Zr, Cu-12Ni-31Zr, Cu-33Ni-7Zr, and Cu-12Ni-23Zr; and later, Cu-23Ni-15Zr and Cu-11Ni-7Zr). Microstructure was determined using X-Ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Results were compared to thermodynamic models. In the ternary alloys under study, the lattice parameter of the Cu-Ni solid solution was generally correlated to the amounts of nickel incorporated into the Cu lattice. However, longer milling times reduced that lattice parameter and facilitated Zr insertion into the solid solution. For example, after 5 h of milling time, microstructural analysis showed the formation of a solid solution with cubic structure in Cu-43Ni-7Zr. This pattern is consistent with the presence of a lattice parameter between that of Cu and Ni (α−phase); in contrast, the Cu-33Ni-7Zr alloy showed an α-phase and another similar to Zr. Results suggest that, as the amount of nickel increases, the ability to form an amorphous phase decreases. Additionally, experimental and thermodynamic data showed a solid-solution formation stage, followed by an amorphous phase formation stage that occurred as milling time and Zr content increased.Fil: Martínez, Carola. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: Aguilar, Claudio. Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria; ChileFil: Briones, Francisco. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: Guzmán, Danny. Universidad de Atacama; ChileFil: Zelaya, Maria Eugenia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte; ArgentinaFil: Troncoso, Loreto. Universidad Austral de Chile; ChileFil: Rojas, Paula. Universidad Adolfo Ibañez; Chil
Agricultural trade liberalization in the Uruguay Round : one step forward, one step back?
No full textAfter evaluating the Uruguay Round's impact on agriculture and border protection in the next decade, the author concludes that while there was significant reform of the rules - particularly the conversion of nontariff barriers into tariffs and the reduction and binding of all tariffs - in practice, trade will probably be liberalized less than expected. The objective of the Round was to reverse protectionism and remove trade distortions. This may not be achieved in practice, at least not until further reductions are carried out in future rounds of negotiations. The major exception to this conclusion is in high-income Asian countries, where protection for major commodities will be significantly reduced. The tariffication and binding of all tariffs on agricultural products represents a significant step forward. Liberalization is implicit because countries are prohhibited from arbitrarily raising tariffs to new higher levels. But many of the newly established tariffs are so high in many countries as to effectively prohibit trade. Patterns of liberalization vary considerably by commodity and by country. Generally, the extent of liberalization was diminished by binding tariffs to the base period of 1986-88, when border protection was at a high point. In most OECD countries, this was worsened by"dirty tariffication:"the new base tariffs offered even greater protection than the nontariff barriers they replaced. Even after the commitments to tariff reductions in the Round, the ad valorem measure of the final binding tariffs will remain higher than the average rate of protection in 1982-93. A number of developing countries in East Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East chose to lock in prior liberalization efforts on some products. But for most commodities, there will be little actual liberalization, since most developing countries chose to bind their tariffs at a maximum level. Even when countries reduced already-bound rates, bound tariffs remained significantly higher than current applied rates, giving countries the flexibility to raise tariffs later. The high level of bound tariffs may allow countries to apply variable tariffs below the bound level, thus failing to stabilize tariffs and improve market access. Moreover, the Round did not touch many of the worst distortions in developing countries, such as import subsidies, export taxes, state-trading monopolies, and domestic policies that implicitly tax agriculture.Trade Policy,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Export Competitiveness,Rules of Origin,Trade Policy,Rules of Origin,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research
Outside in: Unraveling the role of neuroinflammation in the progression of Parkinson's disease
No full textCopyright © 2018 Troncoso-Escudero, Parra, Nassif and Vidal. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Neuroinflammation is one of the most important processes involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The current concept of neuroinflammation comprises an inflammation process, which occurs in the central nervous system due to molecules released from brain-resident and/or blood-derived immune cells. Furthermore, the evidence of the contribution of systemic delivered molecules to the disease pathogenesis, such as the gut microbiota composition, has been increasing during
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