109 research outputs found
Video arte in Italia negli anni Settanta. La produzione della Galleria del Cavallino di Venezia
No full textA partire dalla ricostruzione della storia del centro di produzione della galleria del Cavallino di Venezia il volume indaga la trasformazione della video arte nei primi anni della sua nascita. Dato infatt i i l ruolo fondamentale che i suoi direttori Paolo e Gabriella Cardazzo, e in particolare il primo, hanno avuto nel dare spazio alla produzione e trasmissione di questa particolare forma espressiva, approfondire la storia del centro veneziano contribuisce ad ampliare la conoscenza sulla storia della video arte in Italia negli anni Settanta, con l’obiettivo di riaprire e dare nuova linfa agli studi. Vengono così analizzati i diversi usi del nuovo dispositivo da parte del gallerista e degli artisti Claudio Ambrosini, Luciano Celli, Pier Paolo Fassetta, Michele Sambin, Mario Sillani, Guido Sartorelli e Luigi Viola che proprio grazie a Paolo Cardazzo sperimentano il nuovo mezzo; la rete di contatt i con alcuni dei centri (art/tape/22, Centro Video Arte, London Video Art, Museo d’Arte contemporanea di Zagabria) e degli artisti più importanti a livello nazionale e internazionale; e le varie fasi che portano alla fondazione (1974), all’espansione (1975/1976) e alla chiusura (1979/1980) del centro di produzione
Rational Approach to Tailor Au–IrO2 Nanoflowers as Colorimetric Labels for Lateral Flow Assays
No full textAs the current pandemic has shown, lateral flow assays (LFAs) are a prime example of point-of-care devices enabling quick testing at an affordable price. However, their ease of use undeniably affects their sensitivity, making them less sensitive than other multi-step and time-consuming diagnostic assays, such as polymerase chain reactions and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. A possible solution to overcome this lack of sensitivity is the exploitation of bottom-up approaches to synthesize nanomaterials with outstanding properties for use as colorimetric labels in LFAs, that is, using nanoparticles with better optical capabilities to improve the generation of the colorimetric signal and the overall sensitivity of LFAs. Following this strategy, we rationally optimized the synthesis of gold and iridium oxide nanoflowers (Au-IrO2 NFs) to enhance their physical-chemical properties as colorimetric labels in LFAs. Specifically, we were able to rationally control their size (from 155 to 53 nm in diameter) in order to guarantee an optimal flow along the different pads of a LFA. Moreover, thanks to their superior plasmonic behavior (compared to standard AuNPs), we could achieve an 8.5-fold lower limit of detection (down to 1.2 ng/mL) for human immunoglobulin G (HIgG) than standard LFAs (10.1 ng/mL). Therefore, due to their optical and redox properties, bioconjugation capabilities, and synergic combination of the individual components, Au-IrO2 NFs appear as potential candidates for the next generation of optical LFAs.ICN2 is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. C.P. (ISGlobal) acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the State Research Agency through the “Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023” Program (CEX2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. L.H. acknowledges funding through the China Scholarship Council, as well as acknowledges Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) for their support. A.I. was supported by a PROBIST postdoctoral fellowship funded by the European Research Council (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 754510).With funding from the Spanish government through the ‘Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence’ accreditation (CEX2018-000806-S)Peer reviewe
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Calibration-free measurement of phenylalanine levels in the blood using an electrochemical aptamer-based sensor suitable for point-of-care applications
No full textBy analogy to the revolution the “home glucose monitor” created in the treatment of diabetes, the availability of a modular, “platform” technology able to measure nearly any metabolite, biomarker, or drug “at-home” in unprocessed, finger-prick volumes of whole blood could revolutionize the monitoring and treatment of disease. Thus motivated, we have adapted here the electrochemical aptamer-based sensing platform to the problem of rapidly and conveniently measuring the level of phenylalanine in the blood, an ability that would aid the monitoring and management of phenylketonuria (PKU). To achieve this, we exploited a previously reported DNA aptamer that recognizes phenylalanine in complex with a rhodium-based “receptor” that improves affinity. We re-engineered this to undergo a large-scale, binding-induced conformational change before modifying it with a methylene blue redox reporter and attaching it to a gold electrode that supports the appropriate electrochemical interrogation. The resultant sensor achieves a useful dynamic range of 90 nM to 7 μM. When challenged with finger-prick-scale sample volumes of the whole blood (diluted 1000-fold to match the sensor’s dynamic range), the device achieves the accurate (±20%), calibration-free measurement of blood phenylalanine levels in minutes
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Conformational-switch biosensors as novel tools to support continuous, real-time molecular monitoring in lab-on-a-chip devices
No full textRecent years have seen continued expansion of the functionality of lab on a chip (LOC) devices. Indeed LOCs now provide scientists and developers with useful and versatile platforms across a myriad of chemical and biological applications. The field still fails, however, to integrate an often important element of bench-top analytics: real-time molecular measurements that can be used to “guide” a chemical response. Here we describe the analytical techniques that could provide LOCs with such real-time molecular monitoring capabilities. It appears to us that, among the approaches that are general (i.e., that are independent of the reactive or optical properties of their targets), sensing strategies relying on binding–induced conformational change of bioreceptors are most likely to succeed in such applications
Size-dependent direct electrochemical detection of gold nanoparticles: application in magnetoimmunoassays
No full textThe effect of the AuNPs size, ranging from 5 nm to 80 nm, on the electrochemical response of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) used as electrochemical transducers is investigated for the first time. A simple hydrodynamic modelling and calculation at the nanoscale level is applied so as to find the effect of the size of AuNP upon the electrochemical response. The results show that the best electrochemical response for AuNP suspension for the same concentration of total gold is obtained for the 20 nm sized nanoparticles. It is concluded that the Brownian motions avoid a better response for smaller AuNPs that should in fact be related with the best electrochemical signal due to their higher surface area. Finally, the size effect is studied for AuNPs acting as electroactive labels in an immunosensor that employs magnetic beads as platforms of the bioreactions. The best response for the 5 nm AuNPs in this case is due to the fact that in the immunosensing conditions the Brownian motions are minimized because the AuNPs contact with the electrotransducer surface is induced by the immunoreaction and the fast magnetic collection of the nanoparticles used as antibody labels upon application of a magnetic field.Peer reviewe
Structure Switching Bioreceptors as Novel Tools for Point-of-Care Diagnostics
No full textBiosensors employed as rapid diagnostic tests play a pivotal role in both epidemiology and clinical practice. They serve as routine tools for disease diagnosis and prevalence assessment, aiding medical professionals in patient management and assisting epidemiologists during epidemiological campaigns. Nevertheless, recent advancements in our understanding of diseases render some gold standard diagnostic techniques obsolete. This chapter delves into the essential characteristics that future rapid diagnostic tests should possess. It explores why biosensors using structure switching bioreceptors could stand out in diagnostics. Additionally, it addresses the primary challenges we must confront in implementing such biosensors
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An electrochemical aptamer-based sensor for the rapid and convenient measurement of l-tryptophan
No full textThe field of precision medicine—the possibility to accurately tailor pharmacological treatments to each specific patient—would be significantly advanced by the ability to rapidly, conveniently, and cost-effectively measure biomarkers directly at the point of care. Electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors appear a promising approach to this end due to their low cost, ease of use, and good analytical performance in complex clinical samples. Thus motivated, we present here the development of an E-AB sensor for the measurement of the amino acid L-tryptophan, a diagnostic marker indicative of a number of metabolic and mental health disorders, in urine. The sensor employs a previously reported DNA aptamer able to recognize the complex formed between tryptophan and a rhodium-based receptor. We adopted the aptamer to the E-AB sensing platform by truncating it, causing it to undergo a binding-induced conformational change, modifying it with a redox-reporting methylene blue, and attaching it to an interrogating electrode. The resulting sensor is able to measure tryptophan concentrations in the micromolar range in minutes and readily discriminates between its target and other aromatic and non-aromatic amino acids. Using it, we demonstrate the measurement of clinically relevant tryptophan levels in synthetic urine in a process requiring only a single dilution step. The speed and convenience with which this is achieved suggest that the E-AB platform could significantly improve the ease and frequency with which metabolic diseases are monitored
Lateral flow assays and electrochemical DNA-based sensors from their design to the application in clinical settings
No full textLa charla aborda el proceso completo de desarrollo y aplicación de ensayos de flujo lateral y sensores electroquímicos basados en ADN en entornos clínicos. Se explora desde la fase inicial de diseño, pasando por la selección de materiales y técnicas, hasta la implementación práctica en situaciones clínicas reales. Se destacan las ventajas y desafíos de cada etapa del proceso, así como ejemplos concretos de aplicaciones exitosas en el campo de la medicina. Esta presentación proporciona una visión integral de cómo estas tecnologías innovadoras están revolucionando el diagnóstico y monitoreo de enfermedades en el ámbito clínico.Departamento de Química Analítica.
Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech
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