101 research outputs found
Primo piano: Luca Mencacci. The Best Man. Le campagne elettorali viste da Hollywood
No full textIl cinema americano può essere letto attraverso le lenti della scienza politica. Lo mette in mostra il libro di L. Mencacci "The Best Man" sulle elezioni americane viste dal cinema hollywoodiano. Emerge la sua capacità di illustrare le categorie politiche volte ad illustrare i processi mediatico-culturali che determinano fatti ed eventi legati alle elezioni presidenziali. Connettendo cinema e politologia l'autore ci dà così un ampio quadro della scienza politica americana del XX secolo.American cinema can be read through the lenses of political science. The book by L. Mencacci "The Best Man" on the American elections seen by Hollywood cinema shows it. It emerges its ability to illustrate the political categories aimed at illustrating the media-cultural processes that determine events and events related to the presidential elections. By connecting cinema and political science, the author gives us a broad picture of 20th century American political science
“Continuum Ansia e Depressione”. Presentazione casi clinici. (Boehringer-Ingelheim). Camogli (Genova), 17-18 aprile 2009 (co-relatori: G. Biggio, G. Cerveri, C. Mencacci, G.R. Perna, R.L. Picci, V. Rosso, R. Torta, M. Vaggi).
No full textPresentazione casi clinici
Achieving long-term goals through early personalized management of schizophrenia: expert opinion on the role of a new fast-onset long-acting injectable antipsychotic
No full textAbstract Definition of an appropriate and personalized treatment plan focused on long-term outcomes is crucial in the management of schizophrenia. Following review of the literature, a panel of six leading psychiatrists discussed the importance of clear and shared long-term goals when initiating antipsychotic treatment in light of their clinical experience. The importance of establishing shared and progressive treatment objectives was stressed, which should be tailored based on the patient’s characteristics, goals, and preferences. Consensus emerged on the key role that therapeutic alliance and patient empowerment play throughout the course of treatment. Reduction in symptoms in the acute phase along with good efficacy and tolerability in the maintenance phase emerged as essential features of a therapy that can favor achievement of long-term outcomes. Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics enhance adherence to treatment compared to oral formulations and have been shown to be effective in the maintenance phase. Currently available LAIs are characterized by a delayed onset of action and require a loading dose or oral supplementation to achieve therapeutic concentrations. Risperidone ISM® is a novel LAI antipsychotic with fast and sustained release of antipsychotic, reaching therapeutic plasma levels within a few hours after administration without oral supplementation or loading doses. Risperidone ISM® has been shown to rapidly control symptoms in patients with an acute exacerbation of schizophrenia and to be effective and well tolerated as maintenance treatment irrespective of the severity of initial symptoms. It thus represents a valuable and novel therapeutic option in management of schizophrenia
The risk of new-onset diabetes in antidepressant users - A systematic review and meta-analysis.
No full textBackgroundAntidepressant Drugs (ADs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications in developed countries. The available epidemiological evidence suggests an association between AD use and higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, some methodological issues make the interpretation of these results difficult. Moreover, very recent studies provided conflicting results. Given the high prevalence of both diabetes and AD use in many countries, clarifying whether this association is causal is of extreme relevance for the public health. The aim of the present study is to provide an up-to-date evaluation of the evidence in support of a causal role of ADs in inducing diabetes.Methods and findingsA systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies in MEDLINE (PubMed), PsycINFO, and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA) through 31st December 2016. Only studies assessing the incidence of new-onset diabetes in subjects treated with ADs were included. Results were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. Moreover, we extensively reviewed the role of the different sources of bias that have been proposed to explain the association between AD and diabetes. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. In the meta-analysis, the association between AD use and diabetes was still evident after the inclusion of the recent negative studies [pooled relative risk = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19-1.35; pConclusionsThis updated meta-analysis confirms the association between AD use and incident diabetes. It still remains a matter of debate whether single ADs exert a different effect on the risk of diabetes. Given the possible heterogeneity, we suggest that a classification of ADs according to their pharmacological profiles could be useful in better elucidating the nature of this association
C-QUALITY: Cost and Quality-of-Life Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of Antidepressants in Major Depressive Disorder in Italy
No full textIntroduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and disabling condition across the world. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are the most commonly used antidepressants. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness [€ per quality-adjusted life year (QALY)] of all SSRIs and all SNRIs for the treatment of MDD in Italy. Methods: A decision analytic model was adapted from the Swedish Dental and Pharmaceutical Benefits agency model to reflect current clinical practice in the treatment of MDD in the largest Italian regions. This adaptation was possible thanks to the collaboration of an expert panel of Italian psychiatrists and health economists. The model evaluated patients with a first diagnosis of MDD and initiating an SSRI or an SNRI for the first time. The time horizon was 12 months. Efficacy and utility data for the model were retrieved from the literature and validated by the expert panel. Local data were considered for resource utilization and for treatment costs based on each regional health service perspective. Population-weighted regional data were used to define a national model. Scenario simulations, one-way sensitivity analyses, and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to test the robustness of the model. Results: The base case analysis showed that escitalopram was associated with a lower total cost (€ 1,562) and a larger health gain (QALYs) at 1 year (0.732) per patient and dominated the other treatment strategies since more QALYs were achieved at a lower total cost. Sensitivity analyses support the robustness of the model. Conclusion: The results indicate that escitalopram is the most cost-effective pharmacological treatment strategy for the Italian health service compared with other SSRIs and all SNRIs used in the first-line treatment of MDD. © 2013 Springer Healthcare
Depression in Women: Potential Biological and Sociocultural Factors Driving the Sex Effect
No full textImportant sex-related differences have been observed in the onset, prevalence, and clinical phenotype of depression, based on several epidemiological studies. Social, behavioural, and educational factors have a great role in underlying this bias; however, also several biological factors are extensively involved. Indeed, sexually dimorphic biological systems might represent the underlying ground for these disparities, including cerebral structures and neural correlates, reproductive hormones, stress response pathways, the immune system and inflammatory reaction, metabolism, and fat distribution. Furthermore, in this perspective, it is also important to consider and focus the attention on specific ages and life stages of individuals: indeed, women experience during their life specific periods of reproductive transitional phases, which are not found in men, that represent windows of particular psychological vulnerability. In addition to these, other biologically related risk factors, including the occurrence of sleep disturbances and the exposure to childhood trauma, which are found to differentially affect men and women, are also putative underlying mechanisms of the clinical bias of depression. Overall, by taking into account major differences which characterize men and women it might be possible to improve the diagnostic process, as well as treat more efficiently depressed individuals, based on a more personalized medicine and research
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