60 research outputs found
HANF – SOZIOLOGISCHE ASPEKTE DES ANBAUS UND DER VERWENDUNG
No full textU radu se razmatraju društvena posredovanost diskontinuiteta i neravnomjernosti uzgoja konoplje u svijetu tijekom XX stoljeća. Oni se očituju u više desetljeća dugom potiskivanju konoplje na margine industrijskog razvoja, a ponovni interes za nju postupno se javlja u razvijenim, pretežno europskim zemljama tijekom proteklih petnaestak godina, ponajprije u sklopu različitih ekoloških tema – bioraznolikosti, obnovljivih resursa, održive industrije i poljoprivrede i sl.
Iznose se važniji sociokulturni elementi koji su obilježili dugu integriranost konoplje u civilizacijskim razvojima, kako bi se ukazalo da su zastoji u proizvodnji početkom XX stoljeća imali dvostruki karakter: uvjetovani su unutarnjim razlozima sadržanim u radno‐intenzivnim obilježjima industrije konoplje, s nedostatkom rješenja
koja bi omogućila njenu strojnu preradu, ali su i društveno podržani iznenadnim i znanstveno neutemeljenim predodžbama o njenoj štetnosti, neupotrebljivosti i nizom diskvalificirajućih stereotipa pripisanih njenim uzgajivačima i korisnicima. Neposredni sociokulturni kontekst formiranja ključnih oznaka povezanih s problematičnošću konoplje i njenom zabranom upućuje na američko društvo s početka proteklog stoljeća, reflektirajući se u budućim razdobljima ugrađivanjem prohibicionističkih oblika regulacije njenog uzgoja u ključne međunarodne dokumente. Sociološka analiza tog konteksta upućuje na tri pristupa interpretaciji društvenih uzroka zabrane i restrikcija uzgoja konoplje, koji se na razini dominantnih predodžbi o njoj mogu razabrati i danas. Napokon, razmatraju se i noviji rezultati u istraživanjima mogućnosti uzgoja, prerade i upotrebe konoplje uključujući njihove glavne prednosti i probleme, koji upućuju na potrebu za ponovnim širim društvenim otvaranjem
prema integriranju konoplje u buduće industrijske razvoje.In this paper the author considers the social mediation of discontinuity and unevenness of growing hemp in the world during the 20th century. These are being evident in the course of the several decades long suppressing of hemp on the margins of industrial development, and the renewed interest gradually became evident in industrial countries, predominantly European countries, for the past fifteen years, especially within the pattern of different environmental topics – biodiversity, renewable resources, sustainable industry and agricultural economics etc.
The author reports on more significant social and cultural elements that marked the long standing integrated state of hemp within civilisation developments, in order to indicate that the production breakdowns at the beginning of 20th century had a dual character: conditioned by internal reasons implicit in intensive quality of the working process of hemp production, with inadequacy of solutions that would enable its machine‐made processing, although also supported socially by sudden and scientifically unfounded images on its hazardousness , uselessness and a series of other disqualifying
stereotypes attributed to their growers and users. The immediate social and cultural context of establishing key features connected with the dubiousness of hemp and its prohibition refers to American society at the beginning of the last century, with a reflection to future periods by incorporating prohibitive forms of regulation of growing hemp, within key international documents. Sociological analysis f this context directs to the three approaches to the interpretation of social
causes of prohibitions and restrictions of growing hemp that on this level of dominant perceptions on hemp can be discernible even today.
And finally, comparatively recent results of the research on the possibility of growing, processing and use of hemp are considered here, including their main advantages and problems, that direct to the need for resumed greater societal opening towards integrating hemp within future industrial development.In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das gesellschaftliche Vermitteltsein der Diskontinuität und der Ungleichmäßigkeit des Hanfanbaus in der Welt im Laufe des 20sten Jahrhunderts betrachtet. Es widerspiegelt sich in einer mehrere Jahrzente langen Verdrängung des Hanfes auf die Margine der industriellen Entwicklung, und ein erneutes Interesse am Hanf zeigt sich allmählich in den letzten fünfzehn Jahren in entwickelten, vorwiegend europäischen Ländern, vor allem im Zusammenhang mit verschiedenen ökologischen Themen, wie z.B. biologische Vielfalt, erneuerbare Ressourcen, nachhaltige Industrie und Landwirtschaft u. Ä.
Wichtige soziokulturelle Elemente werden gezeigt, die eine lange Integrierung von Hanf in die Zivilisationsentwicklungen gekennzeichnet haben. Damit soll darauf hingewiesen werden, dass die Produktionsstopps am Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts
einen doppelten Charakter hatten: Sie wurden durch innere Gründe verursacht, beruhend auf dem arbeitsintensiven Charakter der Hanfindustrie, es fehlte nämlich an Lösungen, die eine maschinelle Verarbeitung von Hanf ermöglicht hätten; andererseits wurden sie auch gesellschaftlich unterstützt durch plötzliche und wissenschaftlich
nicht fundierte Vorstellungen darüber, dass Hanf schädlich und unbrauchbar ist, sowie durch eine Reihe von Stereotypen über die Hanfanbauer und –benutzter. Der unmittelbare soziokulturelle Kontext für die Schaffung von Schlüsselbezeichnungen, die damit verbunden sind, dass Hanf problematisch und verboten sei, weist auf die amerikanische Gesellschaft Anfang des vergangenen Jahrhunderts hin und widerspiegelt sich in den zukünftigen Perioden durch die Implementierung einer prohibitionistischen Regelung des Hanfanbaus in die wichtigsten internationalen Dokumente. Eine soziologische Analyse dieses Kontexts weist auf drei Ansätze bei der Interpretierung von gesellschaftlichen Ursachen für den
Verbot und die Restriktion vom Hanfanbau hin, die auf einer Ebene von vorherrschenden Vorstellungen darüber auch heute noch zu merken sind. Schließlich werden auch neuere Forschungsergebnisse hinsichtlich des Anbaus, der Verarbeitung und des Gebrauchs vom
Hanf in Betracht gezogen, einschließlich der wichtigsten Vorteile und Nachteile, sie weisen auf ein Bedürfnis hin, dass die Gesellschaft sich einer Integrierung von Hanf in die zukünftige industrielle Entwicklung öffnet
The importance of network goals for strategic chain management
No full textNowadays food products are increasingly produced in supply chain networks that involve numerous firms. Due to their pyramidal-hierarchical structure, such networks possess a focal company that coordinates the network. The managerial task of the focal company is to work out collective strategy that addresses cooperation and coordination problems at the firm, dyadic and network levels. These strategies must take into account that at each level specific goals must be achieved. Though the focal company is a strategy setting unit that sets network goals, other network actors may perceive these goals as firm-level goals of the focal company. Therefore, conflicts may occur in supply chain networks.Supply chain networks, focal company, network goals, Agribusiness,
The Puzzles and Paradoxes of Europeanisation - Lessons from the Scottish Experience
No full text[Introduction]. In recent studies of Europeanisation the word ‘puzzle’ has proved to be a frequent visitor. In essence, this puzzle is seen to revolve around the belief that while membership of the European Union (EU) has wrought tremendous impact upon the shape and direction of national policies and policy processes, the impact upon the bureaucratic infrastructure of domestic government systems has by comparison been somewhat limited. Of late, however, a means of resolving this puzzle has been put forward. In short, the preoccupation of historical-institutionalist analysis with largely structural, institutional and procedural-based aspects of change may, it is argued, have led to the apparently divergent or contradictory paths taken by the respective policy-related and bureaucratic-administrative forms of Europeanisation. A less puzzling interpretation of developments might flow if, in addition to the purely institutionalist perspective, more attention were to be focused upon broader cultural factors and the role played by individuals within the context of bureaucratic adaptation processes. This paper attempts to follow the latter course by drawing on a historical-based study of the long-term impact of bureaucratic Europeanisation on a government department across a period of some twenty-five years. The focus is upon the relative depth of Europeanisation experienced in that particular case and the extent to which that Europeanisation was in fact influenced not only by structural and procedural aspects of the UK administrative system but also by cultural, actor-based and departmental-specific factors
How Can Biomimicry Inform a Sustainable, Ethical Future in Architecture and Design?
No full textThis publication traces effects of systems theory and assemblage thinking on American architecture and design since the 1960\u27s in relation to contemporary ecological thought and biological discoveries. Building upon these observations, the author concludes that biomimicry belongs at the forefront of contemporary theory and praxis in architecture and design
Pioniere von den Inseln: Nationale Qualifikationsrahmen in England, Schottland und Irland
No full textThis article addresses the central difficulties observed in the search for consensus during the current development of a national German qualifications framework (Deutscher Qualifikationsrahmen, DQR). As well as the difficulty in blending in the German national »dual system« of vocational training with the EQF, the main difficulties identified are in certifying and accrediting skills which have been acquired informally and non-formally. To integrate lifelong learning into the traditional model of education and employment, a comprehensive, standardised accreditation and certification system would be required. However, this affects certain groups' specific interests in skills assessment. The author is a member of the DQR working group, which, on behalf of the central government and federal states, brings in relevant stakeholders to work on the development of the DQR.Die Diskussion um die richtige Gestalt eines nationalen Qualifikationsrahmens wird derzeit fast ausschließlich in der Berufsbildung geführt. Das ist bedauerlich, stehen doch mit dem DQR Veränderungen ins Haus, die erheblich auch die Erwachsenenbildung betreffen, wenn auch vermittelt über den Umweg der Erfassung und Zertifizierung informell und non-formal erworbener Kompetenzen. Welche Herausforderungen sich in diesem Themenfeld lebenslangen Lernens durch den EQF stellen, erklärt Prof. Thomas Deißinger, der als Vertreter der Wissenschaft in die Bund- Länder-Beratungen zum Qualifikationsrahmen einbezogen ist. Seine Diagnose lautet: Die »Baustellen« der deutschen Bildungspolitik im Zeichen von EQF und DQR bestehen überall dort, wo Durchlässigkeit, Übergänge und Akkreditierungen erschwert oder unmöglich gemacht werden
Produkte aus Pflanzenfasern im Kontext der Wiener Warenkundesammlung
No full textDiese Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage welche praktischen
Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten es für Hanf, abseits der Drogenpflanze, im Unterricht gibt. Als
pädagogisches Grundgerüst wurde hierfür das Modell der Didaktischen Rekonstruktion
gewählt. Der Fachliche Teil beschäftigt sich im zweiten Kapitel mit Naturfasern. Der
Schwerpunkt wird dabei auf Hanf, deren ökologische Bedeutung sowie
Verwertungsmöglichkeiten gelegt. Weiters wird auch auf das ForMuse Projekt und die
Wiener Warenkundesammlung eingegangen.
Der didaktische Teil setzt seinen Fokus auf Schülervorstelllungen, die im Unterricht eine
überragende Rolle spielen. Dabei wird das Modell der Didaktischen Rekonstruktion,
Conceptual Change sowie Plant Blindness skizziert.
Das vierte Kapitel handelt von didaktischen Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten von Hanf im
Unterricht. Dabei wird analysiert, welche Herangehensweisen es für dieses Thema gibt,
mögliche Anknüpfungspunkte für die Schüler mit ihren Alltagserfahrungen aufgezeigt sowie
praktische Beispiele für den Unterricht genannt. Im letzten Teil wird noch einmal ein
Resümee gezogen und ein Ausblick für die Zukunft gegeben.This diploma thesis illustrates different possibilities of how hemp can be practically used in a
classroom context. Therefore, the model of “Didaktische Rekonstruktion” has been used as a
pedagogic basic framework.
The second chapter presents the subject‐specific part of this thesis and concentrates on
natural fibres in general, with an emphasis on hemp and its ecological significance and usage.
Further, the author refers to the “ForMuse Projekt” and the “Wiener Warenkundesammlung”.
In the didactic part of the thesis the focus is put on the assumptions of students, which play a
major role in class. Thereby the models of “Didaktische Rekonstruktion”, Conceptual Change
and Plant Blindness are outlined.
The forth chapter deals with didactic ways of usage of hemp in class. It further contains an
analysis of different approaches to the topic, draws up possible links with students’
experiences in their everyday life and provides the reader with some practical examples for
lessons in class.
In the final chapter conclusions are drawn and an outlook for the future is provided
Dar kartą dėl pr. mosla 'leimat'
No full textAutorius siūlo naują požiūrį į pr. mosla GrG73, kurio vok. atitikmuo leimat galėtų būti atsiradęs klaidingai perrašant *leinsat "linų sėmenys". Dalykiškai šis žodis sietinas su hanfsaet – gnabsem "kanapės sėkla" GrG66, hanf – Caneips "kanapės" GrG74 ir flachs – lino "linas" GrG72. Pr. mosla tada galima aiškinti tradiciškai kaip skolinį iš le. masło "sviestas, riebalai", ypač "linų sėmenų aliejus", kuris virto "linų sėmenys aliejui spausti". Reikšminiai žodžiai: Etimologija; Linų sėmenys; Kanapės sėkla; Aliejus; Etymology; Linseed; Hemp seed; OilThe author suggests a new attitude towards the beg. mosla GrG73 which German equivalent leimat may have appeared because of a spelling mistake in a word *leinsat “linų sėmenys” [flax-seed]. The word is related to hanfsaet – gnabsem “kanapės sėkla” [cannabis seed] GrG66, hanf means Caneips “kanapės” [cannabis] GrG74 and flachs mean lino “linas” [flax] GrG72. Then the beg. mosla may be traditionally explained as a borrowing from the Pol. masło “sviestas, riebalai” [butter, fat], especially “linų sėmenų aliejus” [flax-seed oil] that became “linų sėmenys aliejui spausti” [flax-seed for the extraction of oil]
Power Struggle in the Food Chain? Lessons from Empirical Studies on Power Influences in Chains and Marketing Channels
No full textPower plays a key role in any chain relationship. In the past large manufacturers such as Unilever and Nestle were the most dominant players in the chain. However, as a result of consolidation among retailers, power has shifted towards retailers. Nowadays such retailers as Wal-Mart, Carrefour, and Tesco are seen as powerful gatekeepers controlling the access to the end consumer. Moreover, branded manufacturers and large multinational retailers become increasingly dependent on fewer and larger suppliers who can deliver high quality products at competitive prices. Since many decades there is discussion going on about the role of power in chains and marketing channels. In order to understand how power and its interactions with other constructs in the chain can be used beneficially for management of the whole chain, it is of great importance to investigate the influences and effects of power. Some of the phenomena which are said to be influenced by power include performance, satisfaction, commitment, relationship quality, conflict, compliance, problem solving, chain integration and collaboration. In this context, the aim of our work is to analyze and systemize existing empirical studies, which measure the influences of power on other phenomena, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of existing conceptualizations of power, in order to add clarity to the existing turmoil in the literature and contribute to the understanding of the role of power in chains and marketing channels for managerial purposes.Power, Power Conceptualization, Supply Chain, Supply Chain Network, Marketing,
Values as reasons for consumer decisions – an inter-cultural comparison
No full textNowadays, consumers usually do not just consider the functional use of a product. At least equally important are the emotional experiences that are tied up with the product and that are sated with non-material elements of a product. Which non-material elements of a product are considered important by the consumer, depends on his or her personal values. Therefore, the identification of personal values assists in explaining the consumers’ purchasing motives. Since personal values do not just influence a consumers’ purchasing decision but vary between cultural circles, it is expected that cultural values lead to culture-specific consumption patterns. To analyse the coherences between cultural values and the consumer behaviour of a cultural circle, 40 female wine consumers, comprised of 20 German and 20 Ukrainian women, were interviewed on the basis of Means-End-Chain-Theory using laddering-interviews. The initial findings of this qualitative survey will be presented in this poster.Means-End-Chain-Theory, cross-cultural comparison, wine consumers, Consumer/Household Economics,
Measuring European Foreign Policy Impact. The EU and the Georgia Crisis of 2008. College of Europe EU Diplomacy Paper 9/2010
No full textThis paper assesses the political influence of the European Union (EU) on the Russo-Georgian conflict in August 2008 by systematically categorising all cases of European foreign policy (EFP) action in this context according to their impact. Based on a modified version of Roy Ginsberg’s framework for measuring political impact, the paper explicitly uses an 'outside-in' perspective, i.e. it focuses on how third countries perceive and experience European foreign policy actions. To what extent and how did the EU have a political impact on the conflicting parties during the 2008 war in Georgia? The research finds that in fifty percent of all cases European foreign policy had a considerable or significant impact on both Georgia and Russia, whereas in the other half, the impact was only marginal or even nil. Most importantly, the EU exerted this impact without the use of any kind of coercive means or the threat thereof – let alone military measures. European foreign policy often successfully relied on diplomatic means, persuasion through negotiations, declarations and financial incentives. The results challenge traditional thinking, according to which more foreign policy capabilities – military in particular – are a necessary precondition in order for the EU to become a credible player in world politics
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