1,721,173 research outputs found
Clark, Howard Leslie, Rabaul
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/377281Surname: CLARK
Given Name(s) or Initials: HOWARD LESLIE
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: RABAUL
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 15248191099
Item: [2016.0049.09583] "Clark, Howard Leslie, Rabaul
Structural requirements for SP-D function in vitro and in vivo: therapeutic potential of recombinant SP-D
No full textSurfactant protein D has multiple functions in innate immunity in the lung. The generation of SP-D knock-out mice has revealed a central role for this protein in the control of lung inflammation. Accumulating evidence in mouse models of infection and inflammation indicates that truncated recombinant forms of surfactant protein D are biologically active in vivo. This review addresses the structural requirements for recognised activities of SP-D in vitro and in vivo, with emphasis on evidence arising from studies with transgenic mice and mouse models of inflammatory lung disease. The potential of truncated recombinant forms of surfactant protein D as novel therapy for infectious and inflammatory disease is discussed
Untapped therapeutic potential of surfactant proteins: is there a case for recombinant SP-D supplementation in neonatal lung disease?
No full textWhilst pulmonary surfactant therapy has been highly successful in reducing mortality from respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn, a significant proportion of infants born at less than 28 weeks' gestation develop neonatal chronic lung disease. This has a complex pathogenesis but infection, inflammation, oxygen toxicity and ventilator-induced lung injury in the premature infant are all recognised risk factors for its development. Current surfactant therapies in clinical use do not contain all surfactant components and lack the hydrophilic surfactant proteins A and D. These proteins are known to have important roles in surfactant homeostasis and in protecting the lung against inflammation. This review examines the evidence from animal models supporting a role for surfactant protein-D in particular in reducing inflammation in the lung and speculates that supplementation of current surfactant therapies with recombinant forms of surfactant protein-D may help offset the risk of development of chronic lung disease
SP-A and SP-D: dual functioning immune molecules with antiviral and 1 immunomodulatory properties
No full textSurfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) are soluble innate immune molecules which maintain lung homeostasis through their dual roles as anti-infectious and immunomodulatory agents. SP-A and SP- D bind numerous viruses including influenza A virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), enhancing their clearance from mucosal points of entry and modulating the inflammatory response. They also have diverse roles in mediating innate and adaptive cell functions and in clearing apoptotic cells, allergens and other noxious particles. We summarize here how the properties of these first line defense molecules modulate inflammatory responses, as well as host-mediated immunopathology in response to viral infections. Since SP-A and SP-D are known to offer protection from viral and other infections, if their levels are decreased in some disease states as they are in severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), this may confer an increased risk of viral infection and exacerbations of disease. Recombinant molecules of SP-A and SP-D could be useful in both blocking respiratory viral infection whilst also modulating the immune system to prevent excessive inflammatory responses seen in, for example, RSV or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SP-A and SP-D could have therapeutic potential in neutralizing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus and modulating the inflammation-mediated pathology associated with COVID-19. Further work nvestigating the potential therapeutic role of SP-A and SP-D in COVID-19 and other infectious and inflammatory diseases is indicate
The genetics of neonatal respiratory disease
No full textThis chapter reviews some of the genetic predispositions that may govern the presence or severity of neonatal respiratory disorders. Respiratory disease is common in the neonatal period, and genetic factors have been implicated in some rare and common respiratory diseases. Among the most common respiratory diseases are respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn and transient tachypnoea of the newborn, whereas less common ones are cystic fibrosis, congenital alveolar proteinosis and primary ciliary dyskinesias. A common complication of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is bronchopulmonary dysplasia or neonatal chronic lung disease. This review examines the evidence linking known genetic contributions to these diseases. The value and success of neonatal screening for cystic fibrosis is reviewed, and the recently characterised contribution of polymorphisms and mutations in the surfactant protein genes to neonatal respiratory disease is evaluated. The evidence that known variability in the expression of surfactant protein genes may contribute to the risk of development of neonatal chronic lung disease or bronchopulmonary dysplasia is examined
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dataset for thesis "Chronological evaluation of functional changes in neonatal skin: A temporal evaluation of skin maturation"
No full textAnonymised data on neonatal demographics and skin properties as part of a cohort study exploring the chronological changes in neonatal skin. The data supports the thesis Sharma (2025) "Chronological evaluation of functional changes in neonatal skin: A temporal evaluation of skin maturation" University of Southampton, 201pp.
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