1,721,070 research outputs found
Examining the recommendation for 45 minutes of therapy following stroke
No full textMost people receive Occupational Therapy and/or Physiotherapy as part of stroke rehabilitation. The Royal College of Physicians recommends a minimum of 45 minutes of each therapy required, every day. This recommendation is based on expert consensus, underpinned by limited evidence that more therapy achieves better outcomes. The Sentinel Stroke National Audit Program (SSNAP) monitors achievement of the 45 minute guideline; currently it is achieved for 37% and 34% of people considered appropriate for Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy respectively. Reasons for non-achievement are unclear. This study examined the recommendation for a minimum of 45 minutes of therapy after stroke, using multiple and mixed methods. A Cochrane review analysed the effect of time spent in rehabilitation on activity limitation and impairment after stroke. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review with meta-analysis, investigating the effect of time spent in rehabilitation after stroke, to control for type of rehabilitation within included studies. It found that ‘more time in therapy is better’ is false, but ‘a lot more therapy’ might lead to better outcomes. The Cochrane review concluded that there is insufficient evidence to recommend a specific minimum amount of therapy after stroke. Therapist focus groups explored why some people do not receive the recommended minimum amount of therapy. Findings were used to inform a Delphi study to gain consensus from therapists on reasons why a person might not receive a minimum of 45 minutes of therapy. Collectively, these studies found issues with the suitability of the guideline for some people after stroke. Some people are not able to consistently tolerate this amount of therapy, but the SSNAP audit lacks sensitivity to account for this variability. Other people require more than 45 minutes of daily therapy; this study found that they may not receive it. Non-delivery of the guideline is not only due to its suitability, but also due to lack of resources. There is insufficient therapy time to deliver the recommended minimum amount due, in part, to the organisation of stroke care, but also due to lack of therapy personnel. Findings from these studies, together with those of other published literature, contributed to a discussion regarding whether the 45 minute guideline is fit for purpose. It concluded that, although the guideline has increased the amount of therapy received, it does not meet all the requirements of a good clinical guideline according to literature sources. Therefore, this research identifies that the 45 minute guideline and its measurement via the SSNAP audit would benefit from review
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Extended Orientations: Enhancing the Sense of Belonging of First-Year Students
No full textPresented at the First Year Experience annual conference, San Antonio, TX, February 19, 2012.Held at the 31st Annual Conference on the First Year Experience, this study examined the academic and social benefits of new student orientation (Welcome Week) at the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities. Utilizing the Student Experience in the Research University survey, administered to all first-year students in 2010, this study suggests that students who participated in Welcome Week had a higher sense of belonging, higher fall and spring semester cumulative grade point averages, and higher retention from their first-year to their second year. These benefits persisted when controlling for additional demographic, college experience, and engagement factors.Lingren Clark, Beth; Coffin Koch, Laura; Soria, Krista M.. (2012). Extended Orientations: Enhancing the Sense of Belonging of First-Year Students. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/157386
Investigating the academic and social benefits of extended new student orientations for first-year students
No full textIn this study, researchers examined the benefits of college students’ participation in an extended new student orientation at a large, public research university. Framed
within social identity theory, this study extends a hypothesis that extended new student orientations promote the institutional social identity of first-year students and facilitate their sense of belonging through supportive community development; consequently, the findings suggested that first-year students who participated in an extended new student
orientation had a greater sense of belonging, higher academic performance (as measured through students’ fall and spring cumulative grade point averages), and higher retention to their second year. Recommendations for new student orientation practitioners, directors, and administrators are discussed.Soria, Krista; Lingren Clark, Beth; Coffin Koch, Laura. (2013). Investigating the academic and social benefits of extended new student orientations for first-year students. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/150089
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
