1,721,067 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
‘Making Schools: spaces, objects and relationships’
No full text[About the book]
Childhoods in context offers a critical exploration of childhood, drawing attention to the physical and social context of children and young people's lives. Three key themes are explored:
· Childhood is always located somewhere. The book offers insights into childhood by focusing on places specially designed for children as well as the territories that children develop for themselves.
· Childhood is experienced through objects, people and places and through everyday routines. Discussions about childhood are rooted in the details of children's lives, whether on the street, in an institution or in different definitions of home.
· Childhood and adult identities are relational. Definitions and understandings of childhood are dependent on how adulthood is viewed. These themes are explored through accounts of home and family, school, public spaces and sites of work in local and global settings. They raise questions about methodological approaches to understanding childhoods in context which is the focus of the concluding chapter
Recommended from our members
Home and family
No full textIn this chapter, we consider childhood from the perspective of family and home. We will discuss what makes a family, the ways in which families differ and the place of children within families. Within the context of differing family forms, the chapter also explores the concept of home, what constitutes a home and the experiences of children within the home. Children's earliest memories are rooted in family and home. Sociologists locate the family as a primary site of socialisation for children - the place where children first learn the cultural norms, values and expectations of the society in which they live. In the chapter, we will look at the twin concepts of family and home as locations that give shape to children's experience; in doing so, we will generate meanings about childhood and parenting. Drawing on sociological, cultural studies and geographical ideas, the chapter examines family and home as spatially bound concepts that become sites for the enactment of relationships and practices that play a part in bringing the family into being. We will also consider the materiality of home as a site where relationships, everyday social practices and objects may be imbued with significance. In considering what a family is and how it works, we suggest that family and home can be seen as lived ideas that become meaningful through the shared practices of the people who inhabit them. Our main interest is in the relationship of family and home to childhood and its implications for children
Recommended from our members
Ways of seeing: using the Mosaic approach to listen to young children's perspective
No full textAbout the book:
More young children than ever before are spending their time in some form of early childhood service. But how do we know what they think about it? While there has been a move to take children's views into account more generally, very little attention has been given to listening to young children below the age of six or seven.
This book is the first of its kind to focus on listening to young children, both from an international perspective and through combining theory, practice and reflection. With contributions and examples from researchers and practitioners in six countries it examines critically how listening to young children in early childhood services is understood and practised.
Each chapter is rooted in the everyday lives of young children and presents a range of actual experiences for students and practitioners to draw from. Beyond listening goes further to address key questions emerging from early childhood services and research:
· What do we mean by listening?
· Why listen?
· How do we listen to young children?
· What view of the child do different approaches to listening presume?
· What risks does listening entail for young children?
The authors are leading experts in this area of rapidly growing interest and have themselves developed innovative methods such as the Mosaic approach, which is discussed in the book
Children in and out of place
No full textThis chapter is concerned with the spaces and places in which children and young people live their lives, and the role that these spaces and places play in shaping their experiences. This is a growing area in the sociocultural study of childhood and youth, which has been particularly associated with the emergence of "children's geographies" as a distinctive subdiscipline within the broader field of geography. This is not to say that the spatial contexts of children and young people's lives are only of interest to geographers: researchers in a range of disciplines - including anthropology, sociology and education - have attended to what might be called the "geographies" of children and young people's lives. We will begin by discussing definitions of space and place. We will be asking where do children and young people fit in, where are they seen as in or out of place? And we will explore such terms as "children as weeds" and ideas about "adult-only" or "child-free spaces". Moving from thinking about how adults define space, we will explore examples, from literature and practice, of children's agency in creating spaces. We will end by focusing on the tensions that can arise between adults and children, and among peers, in negotiating space
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
