1,721,082 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Citizen piece on the Harvey Prager controversy. The author, Susan Clark Abbot
No full textCitizen piece on the Harvey Prager controversy. The author, Susan Clark Abbott, is executive director of the Hospice of Maine in Portland, and takes exception with the judicial system and the media for implying that caring for the terminally ill is similar to a prison sentence
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Glucororticoid Receptor Alternative Splicing: Key Players and Role in TM and Glaucoma
Full text linkElevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the primary risk factor in glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Various morphological and biochemical changes in the trabecular meshwork (TM) appear to be responsible for blocking aqueous humor outflow, thereby elevating IOP. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to induce ocular hypertension and other biochemical changes associated with glaucoma. Interestingly, there are differences in steroid responsiveness among the population, with 40% people known as responders who significantly elevate IOP upon GC treatment and others being classified as nonresponders. The steroid-responders are at higher risk of developing primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) as compared to the steroid nonresponders. At the same time, almost all POAG patients are moderate to high steroid responders. GC responsiveness is regulated by the relative ratios of the GC activated transcription factor GC receptor alpha (GRα) and the alternatively spliced dominant negative regulator isoform of this receptor (GRβ). Glaucomatous TM cell strains have a higher GRα/GRβ ratio compared to normal TM cells making them more sensitive to GCs. Regulation of the GRα/GRβ splicing is not very well documented. The role of splicing factors that regulate spliceosome assembly seems to be one of the key factors regulating the process of alternative splicing. We have shown that the relative levels of the different serine-arginine (SR) proteins (SRps) in the TM regulate the differential expression of the two alternatively spliced isoforms of GR, GRα and GRβ and that expression of these SR proteins regulates GC responsiveness in TM cells.
In addition, we evaluated a special class of compounds (thailanstatins or TSTs) and found them to modulate this splicing process to enhance GRβ levels in TM cells. These splicing modulators increased GRβ/GRα in TM, decreased GC response and provide potential glaucoma therapeutic agents
Identifying Unique Therapeutic Targets To Rescue Retinal Ganglion Cells From Degeneration After Optic Nerve Crush
Full text linkCentral nervous system (CNS) trauma and neurodegenerative disorders trigger a cascade of cellular and molecular events resulting in neuronal apoptosis and regenerative failure. The pathogenic mechanisms and gene expression changes associated with these detrimental events can be effectively studied using a rodent optic nerve crush (ONC) model. The purpose of this study was to use a mouse ONC model to: (a) evaluate changes in retina and ON gene expression, (b) identify neurodegenerative pathogenic pathways, (c) discover potential new therapeutic targets, and (d) evaluate the neuroprotective and axogenic properties of one selected therapeutic target on axotomized RGCs in vitro and the optic nerve crush (ONC) mouse model in vivo. Meta-analysis of altered gene expression (≥1.5 changes and ≤1.5 changes, p [less than] 0.05 demonstrated 29 up- and 20 downregulated retinal gene clusters and 82 up- and 42 down-regulated optic nerve clusters. Regulated gene clusters included regenerative change, synaptic plasticity, axonogenesis, neuron projection, and neuron differentiation related genes. Expression of selected genes (Vsnl1, Syt1, Synpr and Nrn1) from retinal and ON neuronal clusters was qualitatively and quantitatively examined for their relation to axonal neurodegeneration by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. Axotomized RGCs treated with recombinant hNrn1 (selected target) significantly increased survival of RGCs by 29% (n=8, p [less than] 0.01) and neurite outgrowth of cultured neurons by 261% compared to controls in cultured neurons (n=5-7, p [less than] 0.05). RGC transduction with AAV2-CAG-hNRN1 prior to ONC promoted RGC survival (42%, n=5-8, p [less than] 0.05) and significantly preserved ERG RGC function by 41% until 28 dpc (n=6, p [less than] 0.05) compared to the control AAV2-CAG-GFP transduction group. These ONC induced neuronal loss and regenerative failure associated clusters can be extrapolated to changes occurring in other forms of CNS trauma or in clinical neurodegenerative pathological settings. In conclusion, this study identified potential therapeutic targets to address two key mechanisms of CNS trauma and neurodegeneration: neuronal loss and regenerative failure and presented Nrn1 as a potential therapeutic target for CNS neurodegenerative diseases
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