4,783 research outputs found
EMI and the Internationalization of Universities, an Overview
No full textThis chapter describes the state of the art in the area of
internationalization of higher education (IHE) and English-medium
instruction (EMI) by setting out the key concepts, research methods and
areas of controversy to be addressed in the various chapters of the volume.
The first section of the chapter looks broadly at internationalization
as a field, outlining the areas of study, and the findings of large-scale
surveys as well as identifying the most popular areas of research.
second thematic section looks at how internationalization intersects with
English-medium instruction, paying particular attention to language
policy, the role of English as a lingua franca (ELF), and the teaching and
learning of disciplinary content. The section concludes with some recommendations
for research and teaching in EMI
The Challenges of Internationalization in EMI Tertiary Education in Ethiopia
No full textThis chapter concentrates on the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, which uses English as a medium of instruction throughout most of its education system. After describing the evolution of the modern education system, and tracing the languages which have been the national medium of instruction in the twentieth century, it examines national and institutional educational policy documents to gauge the extent to which they incorporate an awareness of an international context and internationalization strategies. Data from a questionnaire submitted to 4 universities complements the national picture. In other countries, English medium instruction is introduced as a strategy for attracting international students and creating international classrooms; in Ethiopia, where higher education has always taken place through English, what is at stake is the quality of education
Editorials and Opinion Articles in the CorDis corpus: a transversal study
No full textThis chapter builds on previous work that has distinguished linguistic features of the discourse type opinion articles, frequently called ‘op-eds’, from other types in media discourse, such as editorials and newspaper reports. Starting from Biber’s lists of features involved in the ‘overt expression of persuasion’ (1988: 195), Murphy and Morley (2006) documented characteristic features of op-eds in terms of the frequency of first and second personal pronouns, verbs indicating mental and verbal processes, and lexical density. In this chapter, the subcorpora of opinion articles and editorials (PapOp and PapEd) from the CorDis Corpus are compared and contrasted across two different parameters, popular papers versus quality papers, and British versus American papers, with the aim of making finer distinctions between the two discourse types. Three broad issues are approached. Firstly, aspects of spoken discourse such as interjections, vocatives, discourse markers, contracted forms, and first person imperatives are sought and explored in the two discourse types; this section is a development of research by Murphy and Morley (2006) which reported that, from the point of lexical density, op-eds resemble spoken language more than editorials. Secondly, through an analysis of keywords and headlines, differences are observed across the two types of newspapers, quality and popular, and between American and British papers. Lastly, the phraseology of the two discourse types is examined through comparing clusters of 2, 3 or 4 words in the subcorpora
Progress and Distress on the Stratford Estate in Clare during the Eighteen Forties
No full textIn the late 1980s and early 1990s, the author acquired about 30,000 letters written mainly in the 1840s. These pertained to estates throughout Ireland managed by James Robert Stewart and Joseph Kincaid, hereafter denoted SK. Until the letters - called the SK correspondence in what follows - became the author’s property, they had not seen light of day since the 1840s. Addressed mainly to the SK office in Dublin, they were written mainly by landlords, tenants, the partners in SK, local agents, etc. After about 200 years in operation as a land agency, the firm in which members of the Stewart family were the principal partners - Messrs J. R. Stewart & Son(s) from the mid-1880s onwards -- ceased business in the mid-1980s. Since 1994 the author has been researching the SK correspondence of the 1840s. It gives many new insights into economic and social conditions in Ireland during the decade of the great famine, and into the operation of Ireland’s most important land agency during those years. It is intended ultimately to publish details on several of the estates managed by SK in book form. The proposed title is Landlords, Tenants, Famine: Business of an Irish Land Agency in the 1840s, a draft of which has now been completed. A majority of the letters in the larger study from which the present article is drawn are on themes some of which one might expect - rents, distraint (seizure of assets in lieu of rent) ; ‘voluntary’ surrender of land in return for ‘compensation’ upon peacefully quitting; formal ejectment (a matter of last resort on estates managed by SK); landlord-assisted emigration (on a scale much more extensive than most historians of Ireland in the 1840s appear to believe); petitions from tenants; complaints by tenants, both about other tenants and local agents; major works of improvement (on almost all of the estates managed by SK); applications by SK, on behalf of proprietors, for government loans to finance improvements; recommendations of agricultural advisers hired by SK, ete. Thus, most of the SK correspondence is about aspects of estate management. It seems, in the 1840s, that the only estate in Clare managed by SK was that of the elderly Col. Stratford. Although the files on the relatively small Stratford estate are much less extensive than those on some of the estates investigated in detail in the draft of Landlords, Tenants, Famine, they do refer to most of the core aspects of estate management mentioned above. But in the case of the Clare estate, the material on some of those themes is extremely thin.
Editing Specialised Texts in English A corpus-assisted analysis II edition
No full textThis volume examines the editing of specialised texts as practised by the Editing Unit at the Directorate- General for Translation at the European
Commission in Brussels. Following a corpus-assisted approach, it compares two comparable corpora of the same texts, in their non-edited and
edited versions. Using quantitative techniques from corpus linguistics together with manual text analysis, the author reflects on the types of revisions that are made, of a formal, grammatical and lexical nature, and on some phraseological aspects of the
edited texts. The conclusions drawn are that the written English representing supranational organizations such as the European Union institutions
continues to be norm-bound, adhering to standard British English. However, traces of influences from other European languages, in terms of false friends,
and certain grammatical phrases, characterise the corpus of edited texts more than reference corpora of British English. Similarly to translated language, edited language is also found to be characterised by explicitation and simplification
Portfolio by Clare Murphy (Class of 2020)
No full textPandemic portfolio created for Professor J. Scanlon\u27s gender and consumer culture class
Repealing the Eighth Amendment
No full text The Republic of Ireland this month faces a historic referendum on the future of abortion in the country. Michael Nevill and Clare Murphy set out the issues at stake and the implications for the UK </jats:p
A corpus-based contrastive study of evaluation in English and Italian
No full textThis book breaks new ground by considering the phenomenon of evaluation - the expression of the point of view of a writer/speaker - in opinion articles in both English and Italian. Evaluation is an under-researched topic in Italian but has received considerable attention in English since the year 2000 (Hunston and Thompson Evaluation in Text). The book considers a corpus of opinion articles from quality newspapers in English and Italian, which all deal with the Kosovo crisis of 1999, and compares both the content of the evaluations of the same entities and persons and the lexico-grammatical means by which this comes about. After the introductory chapters explaining the aim of the book, the historical background of the crisis and an overview of relevant literature in English and Italian, Chapter 4 concentrates on the figure of Milosevic and the entities NATO and the UN, comparing and contrasting the contents of the evaluation as well as the lexicogrammatical means by which this comes about in the two languages. Chapter 5 examines the overt presence of the author in pronouncing these evaluations, looking at first person verbs or impersonal expressions, and finds the English articles much more explicitly personal. Chapter 6 examines ways of attributing evaluations to others and finds that reported evaluations in the English articles encourage an attitude of suspect in the reader, whereas the Italian writers use the lexicogrammatical resources at their disposal less for this aim. Chapter 7 examines the use of adverbs of evaluation in both corpora: here too, the English corpus presents examples of adverbs (such as 'allegedly') which encourage a critical view in the reader. The English articles also appear to encourage an attitude of debate in the reader, while the Italian articles tend to dictate more the way things stand or should be read. The last chapter concentrates on the use of the interrogative in opinion articles, as rhetorical questions which are meant to persuade or as real questions which aim to open up new debates. The methodology used in the book represents both quantitative analyses and close textual reading
EMI – A Tool for the Internationalisation of Higher Education
No full textOver the past two decades, EMI has emerged as a tool for the internationalisation of higher education as a necessary response to the forces of globalisation. As a result of the development of higher education in the same period in Europe and the rest of the world,1 EMI has become a growing trend. Through a change in the medium of instruction, Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Europe and beyond have initiated paradigm shifts in the delivery and services of higher education in order to enhance the quality of teaching and learning. Indeed, the question of language leads university teachers, as well as university leadership, to consider the linguistic, pedagogical and cultural implications of this new context, as well as to rethink the professional development of university teaching staff
'Naturalness is to text what grammatical correctness is to sentences': a corpus-driven perspective
No full textThis paper addresses an issue that in my experience of working with non-native teachers of English in Italy is often left by the wayside. Sometimes it is unnoticed, but mostly it is not perceived to be of great importance. The problem is that of grammatically correct (or well-formed) but unnatural-sounding English. My aim here is simply to argue that grammatical correctness is still given excessive priority by many teachers today, and that high-quality teaching needs to centre around natural-sounding language, with particular attention to lexical patterning. Obviously, no teacher would actively theorise that linguistic naturalness should be ignored; nevertheless, their choices of activities for students, and their marking of student texts reveal possibly unconscious priorities, where grammar has pride of place. If a coherent theoretical position esteeming natural-sounding language is convincingly set out, and a more heuristic approach to language learning is accepted, and if intelligently-crafted instruments can be seen to help enact this view of language learning, then, perhaps, grammar will return to its rightful place in the chorus, alongside – rather than blocking out - lexical patterning
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