1,720,961 research outputs found
Wissensstand, Meinungen und Vorgehensweisen österreichischer Tierärzt:innen in Bezug auf Antibiotikaeinsatz und -resistenz in der klinischen Praxis
No full textDiplomarbeit - Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien - 2023Die Eindämmung antimikrobieller Resistenzen zählt aktuell zu den größten Herausforderungen der Menschheit. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, den Wissensstand der österreichischen Tierärzt:innen über Antibiotika und Antibiotikaresistenzen, deren Einstellung dazu sowie den Umgang mit antimikrobiellen Substanzen in der Praxis zu erheben. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine anonyme Querschnittsstudie durchgeführt, wobei ein Fragebogen per E-Mail an die österreichischen Tierärzt:innen ausgesendet wurde. Obwohl die Teilnehmer:innen zum Teil einen guten Wissensstand über Antibiotika aufwiesen, ist deutlich geworden, dass in einigen Bereichen noch vermehrter Aufklärungsbedarf besteht. Demnach waren beispielsweise bei der Einteilung bestimmter Antibiotika, vor allem bei den kritischen Antibiotika, Unsicherheiten bei der richtigen Einteilung vorhanden. So wurden unter anderem die Fluorchinolone Enrofloxacin und Marbofloxacin von rund 60 % der Tierärzt:innen falsch, als nicht-kritische Antibiotika, eingestuft. Insgesamt beziehen 43,3 % der Tierärzt:innen bei der Auswahl der Applikationsart den Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von Antibiotikaresistenzen mit ein und die Mehrheit hat richtig angegeben, dass eine orale Gruppentherapie den größten Einfluss auf die Entstehung von antimikrobiellen Resistenzen hat. Darüber hinaus zeigten sich in einigen Aspekten Unterschiede zwischen den Tierärzt:innen der Companion Animals und jenen der Nutztiere. Beispielsweise veranlassen 60,0 % der Nutztierärzt:innen regelmäßig ein Antibiogramm. Bei den Companion Animals sind es hingegen 45,0 % und in der Gemischtpraxis lediglich 28,0 %. Außerdem sind insgesamt 90,0 % der Tierärzt:innen der Meinung, dass kritische Antibiotika nicht als erste Wahl bei der Therapie in der Veterinärmedizin eingesetzt werden sollten und im Rahmen der inkludierten Fallbeispiele haben die Teilnehmer:innen überwiegend einen verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit Antibiotika angegeben.Diploma thesis - University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna - 2023The reduction of antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity today. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge among Austrian veterinarians about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, their attitudes towards them and the use of antimicrobial substances in clinical practice. For this purpose, an anonymous cross-sectional study was conducted, with a questionnaire sent out to Austrian veterinarians by e-mail. Although the participants had a good level of knowledge about antibiotics in some areas, it became clear that there is still a need for more clarification and training. For example, there was uncertainty about the correct prudent use classification of antibiotics, particularly critical antibiotics. For example, the fluoroquinolones, enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, were incorrectly classified as non-critical antibiotics by 60.0 % of the veterinarians. Overall, 43.3 % of the veterinarians considered the influence on the development of antibiotic resistance when selecting the type of application, and the majority correctly stated that oral group therapy has the greatest influence on the development of antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, there were differences in some aspects between companion animal veterinarians and those treating farm animals. For example, 60.0 % of the farm animal veterinarians regularly used antimicrobial susceptibility testing. This compares to 45.0 % of companion animal and only 28.0 % of mixed practice vets. In addition, 90.0 % of veterinarians believe that critical antibiotics should not be used as first-line therapy in veterinary medicine, and in the context of the included case studies, the participants predominantly indicated a responsible use of antibiotics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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