1,721,441 research outputs found
The Particle Deposition Flux Monitoring and Analysis Approach of the SUPREME Project
No full textSUPREME, a very articulated project still in progress financed by the Italian Universities and Research Ministry, concern an integrated decision support system finalized to catastrophic events forecast and to prevent and mitigate esondation and air pollution effects on monumental stones. This paper focuses on the aerosols deposition tool. The Eulerian new box model AERBOX simulates the whole life cycle of aerosols and the consequent urban pollution impact due to the flux of particulate matter deposition. Applied on the monumental area of Florence downtown, AERBOX models the industrial and mobile sources of the 50 km x 50 km surrounding area induced pollution, and estimates the aerosol deposition on a user chosen grid. AERBOX takes into account all the relevant chemical and physical processes involved. Concentration and deposition rates of 52 species of gaseous pollutants and 14 species of particulate pollutants are calculated on hourly basis.The time and chemical profiles of the emissions have been adapted to the Florentine region from the reference profiles given by both California Air Resource Board and EPA. The input data have been interfaced to the model with a user-friendly graphical pre-processor. AERBOX calculates concentrations and deposition fluxes in typical summer and winter seasons and it estimates the effects of cumulated deposition on the monuments. Coupled with a post processor visualisation tool, this system can be seen as an useful tool in urban air pollution management and monitoring. Both the pre-processor and the post-processor have been developed by AVS/Express
An evaluation of particle deposition fluxes to cultural heritage sites in Florence, Italy
No full textThe pernicious effects of deposition of airborne particles on monumental stones have been widely demonstrated, but estimates of deposition fluxes on historic buildings remain a hard task because of the lack of careful experiments and modelling. AERBOX is a new box model developed by ENVIROWARE and ENEA, simulating the whole life cycle of aerosols. AERBOX takes into account all the relevant chemical and physical processes involved: emission, chemical reactions in gas and in gas-liquid phases, deposition, entrainment, condensation and nucleation. Concentration and deposition rates of 52 species of gaseous pollutants and 14 species of particulate pollutants are calculated on hourly basis. A modelling system composed by AERBOX and the emission pre-processor Tool for Hourly Speciation of CORINAIR Annual Emissions (THOSCANE) has been applied to estimate the flux of particulate matter deposited on the monumental area of Florence downtown starting from a CORINAIR emission inventory developed by the Tuscany Region including the industrial and mobile sources in the area of Florence and Prato counties. The time and chemical profiles of the emissions have been adapted to the Tuscany region from the reference profiles given by both the California Air Resource Board and EPA and meteorological inputs were given by the Tuscany Meteorological Centre. Concentrations and deposition fluxes were compared with field measurements available in the open literature
An Evaluation of Particle Deposition Fluxes on the Monumental Area of Florence, Italy
No full textThe pernicious effects of deposition of airborne particles on monumental stones have been widely demonstrated, but estimates of deposition fluxes on historic buildings remains an hard task because of the lack of careful experiments and modelling. AERBOX is a new box model, developed by ENVIROWARE Srl and ENEA, simulating the whole life cycle of aerosols. AERBOX takes into account all the relevant chemical and physical processes involved: emission, chemical reactions in gas and in gas-liquid phases, deposition, entrainment, condensation and nucleation. Concentration and deposition rates of 52 species of gaseous pollutants and 14 species of particulate pollutants are calculated on hourly basis. AERBOX has been applied to estimate the flux of particulate matter deposited on the monumental area of Florence downtown. The emission inventory has been developed by the Tuscany Region and it includes the industrial and mobile sources of the 50 km x 50 km surrounding area, referring to the Florence and Prato counties. The time and chemical profiles of the emissions have been adapted to the Tuscany from the reference profiles given by both California Air Resource Board and EPA and meteorological inputs were given by the Tuscany Meteorological Centre. Concentrations and deposition fluxes in typical summer and winter workdays and holidays have been calculated and an estimate of the effects of cumulated deposition on the monuments is also given
The Nuclear Astrophysics program at n-TOF (CERN)
No full textAn important experimental program on Nuclear Astrophysics is being carried out at the n-TOF since several years, in order to address the still open issues in stellar and primordial nucleosynthesis. Several neutron capture reactions relevant to s-process nucleosynthesis have been measured so far, some of which on important branching point radioisotopes. Furthermore, the construction of a second experimental area has recently opened the way to challenging measurements of (n, charged particle) reactions on isotopes of short half-life. The Nuclear Astrophysics program of the n-TOF Collaboration is here described, with emphasis on recent results relevant for stellar nucleosynthesis, stellar neutron sources and primordial nucleosynthesis. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2017
A Box Model to Evaluate Dry Particle Deposition on Urban Areas: Comparison of two Dry Deposition Velocities Parameterization
No full textThe AERBOX multilayer box model aimed to evaluate dry deposition of particulate and gaseous pollutants on monumental urban areas has been used for a case study involving the area of Florence and Prato. The case study has shown as all model outputs involving deposition, namely deposition velocities, concentration averaged deposition velocities, deposition fluxes and dimension spectrum and chemical composition of deposited matter, depend strongly on the choice of the deposition parameterization applied, the discrepancies reaching an order of magnitude in some cases, as for urban canopies. Both deposition parameterizations are routinely employed, or are going to be implemented, in some national deposition models. Discrepancies such the ones shown suggest that the deposition algorithms employed in regulatory models, as AERBOX is aimed to be in the future, should be chosen with great care, especially if the model is intended to be applied in urban areas, where the deposition phenomenology is complex
In-situ Bioremediation: Advantages of Parallel Computing and Graphical Investigating Techniques
No full textThe mathematical modelling and the simulation of the bioremediation process are fairly complex and very computational demanding. The use of parallel computers allows the prediction of the effects of bioremediation interventions safely and cheaply in a realistic timescale. Nevertheless, the data amount resulting from a real field simulation is so large that the only way to analyze it, in an effective way, is to work with its graphical interpretation, converting the huge numerical data volumes into 3D animation. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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