1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effects of Bisphenol A analogues and their mixture on the crab Carcinus aestuarii: Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and damage, neurotoxicity, physiological responses, and bioaccumulation
Full text linkBisphenol A (BPA) analogues are emerging contaminants, whose ecotoxicological profile for aquatic species, particularly marine ones, is little known. In this study, the effects of an environmentally realistic concentration (300 ng/L) of three BPA analogues (BPAF, BPF, and BPS) - alone or as a mixture (MIX) – were evaluated for the first time on the crab Carcinus aestuarii. A multibiomarker approach was adopted to assess the effects of 7 and 14 days of exposure on haemolymph parameters, gill and hepatopancreas biochemical parameters, and physiological responses of crabs. Bioaccumulation of the three bisphenols was also investigated in crabs by UHPLC-HRMS. A significant reduction in total haemocyte counts was recorded in crabs exposed for 7 days to BPAF and MIX and for 14 days to the MIX, whereas an increase was found in crabs treated for 14 days with BPAF. Cell proliferation increased significantly in crabs exposed for 14 days to BPS and MIX. An imbalance of the antioxidant system, as well as oxidative damage, was recorded in gills and hepatopancreas. No neurotoxic effects were observed in crabs. At the physiological level, exposure to MIX increased the respiration rate of crabs. As for bioaccumulation, only bisphenol AF was detected in crabs. Overall, the present study demonstrated that BPA analogues can affect some important cellular parameters, induce oxidative stress and alter physiological responses in crabs
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Effects of Three Widely Used Antibiotics and Their Mixture on the Haemocytes of the Clam Ruditapes philippinarum
Full text linkAlthough the presence of pharmaceutical and personal care products in aquatic
ecosystems is well documented, little information is available about their sublethal
effects, on aquatic invertebrates. From an ecotoxicological point of view, the use of
in vitro approaches has been recommended as a tool to assess adverse effects and to
understand the mechanisms of action of chemicals at the cellular level. In the present
in vitro study, the effects of Amoxicillin (AMX), Trimethoprim (TMP) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP)
(1 μg/L, each) were tested alone and—for the first time—as a mixture (MIX) on haemocytes
of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. After the exposure, a battery of cellular parameters
was evaluated, such as haemocyte viability, lysosomal membrane stability, superoxide
anion production, acid phosphatase activity, the frequency of micronuclei and
chromosomal aberrations. The results demonstrated that AMX, TMP, CIP and MIX
affected lysosomal membrane stability, as well as superoxide anion and acid
phosphatase production, and promoted chromosomal aberrations. This study
highlighted that Manila clam haemocytes are a sensitive cell model to assess the
effects of exposure to pharmaceutical products on non-target species. Our study
demonstrated that the effects of pharmaceutical mixtures on marine species should be
experimentally evaluated because they are not predictable from single exposures as the
compounds can interact in different ways on the various biological endpoints considered
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
