1,721,284 research outputs found
La forza politicizzante del dolore: le resilient communities in Messico
Get PDFLa violenza di genere è una problematica che affligge l’intero Stato del Messico, in particolar modo la zona fronteriza del nord tra cui Ciudad Juárez, Tijuana, quella centrale dello stato del Michoacán e Guanajuato e la zona sud in Oaxaca e Chiapas. La violazione dei diritti umani universali, che sfocia in atti di femminicidio e casi di violenza sessuale, è interpretabile in relazione al contesto storico-culturale, in quanto sia il passato postcoloniale di matrice spagnola sia quello contemporaneo capitalista prettamente statunitense ha contribuito all’affermasi di una politica dello sfruttamento basato sulla corruzione politica e la criminalità. Il presente contributo propone, pertanto, un’analisi dei movimenti comunitari che denunciano i crimini umani e focalizzano le loro azioni di protesta nell’affermazione di un modello politico basato sulla prospettiva di genere. In una prima fase dello studio, dunque, si presentano i casi di comunità resilienti che hanno sviluppato capacità collettive di ripoliticizzazione allo scopo di promuovere un nuovo modello di rappresentazione della donna svincolato dalla costruzione culturale ed istituzionale. L'obiettivo è quello di evidenziare come le comunità riescano a realizzare una reintegrazione resiliente. In conclusione, si sottolinea come le resilient communities siano esempi di autodifesa collettiva che da una parte ridimensionano il concetto di comunità politica e, dall’altra, attivano un processo di empowerment fondato sulla forza del dolore che risemantizza il concetto di identità e le pratiche di riconoscimento dell’Altro
The ECHR Condemns Prison Overcrowding in Italy: The Total Reorganization of the Institution and the Social Reintegration of the Prisoner
Get PDFThis contribution analyses the current Italian prison system, which has been called upon to resolve its structural problems. In 2013, The Council of Europe condemned Italy for inhuman treatment in its prisons. The principal accusation concerns the problem of overcrowding. The country has responded with solutions such as the application of the open system, which provides cells that are used exclusively for sleeping in at night, and dynamic monitoring, an effective system for ensuring order in the institutions. These initiatives aim to promote re-educational activities and the social re-integration of prisoners. In addition, Italian institutions have made greater use of alternatives to custodial penalties in order to tackle overcrowding and to provide more opportunities for re-integration. This contribution focuses on the need to increase prisoners’ employment opportunities. In fact, Italy seems to have neglected this area, which is fundamental for re-integration into the community sphere
Building Resilience due to violence: The struggle of Mexican Communities
Get PDFIn Psychology the term resilience refers to man’s ability to respond to stressful events in a positive manner. Cases of feminicide in Mexican society provide significant information regarding the relationship between violence and the development of a capacity for resistance in order to preserve life in the long term. Given that the promotion of empowered actions is closely related with issues of community, power and precariousness, this article will discuss cultural and socio-economic factors in institutional violence against Mexican women and will provide a comprehensive look at a theoretical framework for understanding resilience within this context, starting from the relationship between suffering and vulnerability
INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE: PERCEPTION AND REPRESENTATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN GUANAJUATO. A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Get PDFIntimate partner violence and domestic violence refer to the violation of women’s rights, often provoked by socio-cultural norms based on a patriarchal matrix. In Mexican society, in particular, gender-based violence affects the physical and psychological well-being of Mexican women. Moreover, the social representations of women who suffer violence and the lack of an effective legislative framework often reproduce the legitimation of gender-based violence, enhancing negative stereotypes and prejudices. In this scenario, the voice of the women who suffer violence in intimate relationships is silenced. In particular, in public and academic debates the impact and consequences of violence against women are reported through quantitative data, obscuring the subjective dimension of each story. This contribution reviews empirical literature on violence against women through a fieldwork on intimate partner violence, realized in the region of Guanajuato. The instrument of this analysis is based on a qualitative method, which allows the creation of a dialog, emphasizing the dimension of signification in an introspective way. Subsequently, the research focuses on the analysis of social representations regarding violence against women. In particular, it explores the collective imaginary of police officers who safeguard citizens’ rights in primary interventions. In fact, primary and secondary prevention strategies rely on the knowledge acquired by all professionals who are responsible for preventing and eliminating gender-based violence. Considering that negative stereotypes keep reproducing the image that women who suffer violence “ask for it” and “deserve it”, this contribution aims to analyze the prevalence and incidence of such stereotyped perceptions, reporting on the consequences and implications of these attitudes
Gender Violence: Social Structure in Latin America, the question of victim and trauma.
Get PDFIn this article, I firstly argue that femicide is a word that indicates the psychological and physical violence against women because they belong to the female gender. I analyze in particular the femicide cases that took place in the border between Ciudad Juarez and Texas from 1993 until now, in addition to the cases on the border between Tijuana and Baja California. During this period more than 700 women were murdered in the border area between Ciudad Juarez and El Paso, still the criminals of these brutal homicides are unknown. The reason for the lack of justice can be explained through institutional corruption and the existence of a patriarchal society. Through an interdisciplinary approach from psychoanalytical and anthropological area, I argue that gender violence is a social political construction due to the principles of capitalism, and also that violence against women results as a social emotion eradicated in the collective imagination as a real fact of this brutal and unconditional violence against woman. I have analyzed two border cases and explain both the grim reality as the consequence of structural violence, as well as cultural violence caused by the Catholic ideological system and the origin of women and family mental conception. Moreover, I relate gender-based violence with kidnapping cases, drug cartel traffic and the state of terror and violence that dominates Mexico. Finally, I will delve into the origins of violence in human behaviour, as a result of institutional control and cultural influence based upon the patriarchal domination system into the post-colonial reality that now exists
Twins. Similarities, differences and individuality
Get PDFThis study aims to investigate the self-differentiating perceptions and the separation-individuation’s process in emerging adulthood twins. A group of 40 Italian pairs of twins (21 couples dizygotic-DZ and 19 monozygotic-MZ) aged 20-30 years, were evaluated using the test of graphic projection Family Life Space (DSSVF) and thought a specific questionnaire ad hoc constructed for this research. The research hypothesis focus on Zazzo’s test of parallel testimony and provide to give empirical evidence about the capacity of MZ Twins to use more internal resources of the couple than DZ Twins, causing the split slowdown on identification. The data show that there are no difference between not bisexual MZ and DZ couple. Moreover, there is a less strong reciprocal relation in the sex opposite DZ couple than in the others
Intimate Partner Violence: Social Support And Coming Out
Get PDFViolence in same sex relationships is characterized by systematic path of dominance and control, even often stigmatized by abusive and powerful behaviors; especially, in the homosexual relationships some risk factors, as the lack of balance between the couple and the threat of public outing, play fundamental role.
The relevance to identify both risk and protective factors, suggested by variable dispositions in intimate partner violence (dependence’s style, violation), situational dispositions (social support homo-negativity) and factors connected to the quality and managing ability of intimate dynamics (communication, conflict, sexuality).
Some findings collected by an investigation conducted by a group of Sicilian participants (Italy) show their tendency to not have specific role, in absence of outing, in the dynamics of intimate partner conflicts. Rather, they tend to value positive aspects of the relationships, minimizing the danger of aggressive behaviors. Findings highlight the need to contrast deeply the phenomenon integrating interventions with specific actions. Especially, these actions should be addressed to social, educational, informational and political dimension, in order to fight the strong sexual discrimination in Italian area
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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