1,720,959 research outputs found
Does missed nursing care influence the use of physical restraint and its duration in acute medical patients? Secondary analysis of a longitudinal study
No full textMissed nursing care and physical restraint have been identified as indicators of patient safety, but no studies to date have explored their relation. To explore the relation between these two phenomena, a secondary analysis of a longitudinal study on 1464 in-hospital patients and 314 registered nurses was performed. The use of physical restraint was assessed at the bedside on a daily basis; missed care was assessed with the MISSCARE survey. Individual, nursing care, and hospital-level variables were measured. A total of 184 (12.6%) patients were restrained for 20.33% of their in-hospital stay. No significant differences emerged in the occurrence of missed care between restrained and unrestrained patients. However, some common antecedents of these two phenomena emerged: in units where there is a lack of personnel, both an increase in missed care and physical restraint duration should be expected. As a consequence, patients are threatened in their right to receive the required care and they are at risk of being restrained. Moreover, a higher skill mix is a preventive factor, which suggests that the increased numbers of registered nurses on the team, may prevent routine forms of physical restraint use by analyzing the physical restraint in place critically and removing them as soon as possible, thus reducing the duration of the restraints
Sleep duration in Italian children: Parental control on bedtime as explaining factor
No full textObjective: This study assessed the relationship among sleep habits and sleep-wake quality of Italian school-aged children and specific environmental factors (co-sleeping, weekly workload, parental control on bedtime). We also collected data about the awareness of the importance of sleep in school-aged children, as well as how often children have the opportunity to talk about sleep habits with their parents. Method: The Life Rhythms and Sleep Habits questionnaire was administered to 776 school aged children. Results: Results indicated that, except Sleep Latency, all sleep indexes considered change from school nights to weekends, when time devoted to sleep increases (p<0.0001); younger children sleep more than older ones on school nights (p<0.05), older children have a later bedtime on both school nights and weekends (p<0.01; p<0.05); children sharing a bedroom sleep more and go to bed earlier than children who do not share a room (p<0.05; p<0.05). The 53.7% of children assessed sleep as very important, but the 47.8% of them reported to never, or seldom, talk about sleep habits with their parents. Log-linear analyses were applied to assess the relations among weekly workload, parental control of bedtime, bedtime and sleep-wake quality variables. Children with a more structured time schedule (greater parental control at bedtime, earlier bedtime, higher weekly workload) reported a better sleep quality (lower sleep onset latency, no nocturnal awakenings), although they reported more diurnal sleepiness. Conclusions: The short sleep duration of Italian school-aged children is largely explained by parent-style, parents leave to much autonomy to their children in deciding when go to bed
Sleep duration in Italian children: Parental control on bedtime as explaining factor.
No full textObjective: This study assessed the relationship among sleep habits and sleep-wake quality of Italian school-aged children and specific environmental factors (co-sleeping, weekly workload, parental control on bedtime). We also collected data about the awareness of the importance of sleep in school-aged children, as well as how often children have the opportunity to talk about sleep habits with their parents. Method: The Life Rhythms and Sleep Habits questionnaire was administered to 776 school aged children. Results: Results indicated that, except Sleep Latency, all sleep indexes considered change from school nights to weekends, when time devoted to sleep increases (p<0.0001); younger children sleep more than older ones on school nights (p<0.05), older children have a later bedtime on both school nights and weekends (p<0.01; p<0.05); children sharing a bedroom sleep more and go to bed earlier than children who do not share a room (p<0.05; p<0.05). The 53.7% of children assessed sleep as very important, but the 47.8% of them reported to never, or seldom, talk about sleep habits with their parents. Log-linear analyses were applied to assess the relations among weekly workload, parental control of bedtime, bedtime and sleep-wake quality variables. Children with a more structured time schedule (greater parental control at bedtime, earlier bedtime, higher weekly workload) reported a better sleep quality (lower sleep onset latency, no nocturnal awakenings), although they reported more diurnal sleepiness. Conclusions: The short sleep duration of Italian school-aged children is largely explained by parent-style, parents leave to much autonomy to their children in deciding when go to bed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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