1,721,169 research outputs found
Guidelines for urban community gardening: Proposal of preliminary indicators for several ecosystem services (Rome, Italy)
No full textCommunity gardening is a current global phenomenon and the general purposes of these horticultural areas in cities are to provide food but also for food security needs. Other ecosystem services, such as improving people’s quality of life, the urban environment and social relations, are also often underlined. Despite the increasing phenomenon of urban community gardens, planning guidelines concerning specific objectives are still needed. Literature underlines five principal aims in setting up urban community gardening, and we suggest “Cultural values” as an additional one. Moreover, we propose a set of 12 basic indicators to support the best choice for the six aims. We also discuss the importance of these indicators which come within three broad categories: A) environmental parameters: morphology, soil, sunlight, water supply, biodiversity value; B) risk factors due to urban pollution, which needs to be investigated further: local pollution linked to urban traffic, local pollution derived from previous activities on the site; C) accessibility and social context: accessibility, schools, community centres, green areas. Since each parameter has a different influence in relation to the various identified aims, we suggest their relative weights, which have to be considered in the different cases, and their needed minimum values. Last of all, we apply the proposed evaluation criteria in several municipal areas of Rome. Our data show that these indicators can easily be applied in selecting the best solutions for this type of urban planning
Altered uterine contractility in women with chronic endometritis
Full text linkOBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the alterations in endometrial waves (EW) originating from the contraction of the subendometrial myometrial layer in the periovulatory and midluteal phases in women diagnosed with chronic endometritis (CE).
DESIGN:
Case-control study.
SETTING:
University hospital.
PATIENT(S):
Forty-five women referred for hysteroscopy and diagnosed with CE.
INTERVENTION(S):
Three-minute recording of transvaginal ultrasound scanning on sagittal uterine plane at periovulatory (cycle days 11-14) and midluteal phase (cycle days 19-22).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):
Direction and frequency of EW measured by transvaginal ultrasound scan.
RESULT(S):
The direction and frequency of EW were analyzed offline as accelerated (four to eight times normal speed) image sequences using video editing software, and the results were compared with 45 cycling women without CE. The EW pattern was significantly different when comparing the women with CE and controls at both the periovulatory and midluteal phases. During the periovulatory phase, we observed retrograde contractions in 26.7% versus 88%, anterograde in 24% versus 0, opposing in 22.7% versus 12%, not propagated in 13.3% versus 0, and absent in 13.3% versus 0, respectively, in the CE cases versus the control group. During the midluteal phase, we observed not propagated (41.3% vs. 61.3%), opposing (24% vs. 25.4%), absent (16.1% vs. 13.3%), anterograde (13.3% vs. 0), and retrograde (5.3% vs. 0), respectively, in the CE cases versus the control group.
CONCLUSION(S):
Women with CE show altered EW patterns in both the periovulatory and midluteal phases. Altered uterine contractility may aid in explaining the symptoms related to CE such as pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and possibly endometriosis
A RARE CASE OF AVM-SCAR PREGNANCY TREATED WITH A COMBINED AND CONSERVATIVE APPROACH
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Effects of short-term transdermal estradiol administration on plasma levels of nitric oxide in postmenopausal women.
Full text linkObjective: To assess the effects of short-term transdermal E, administration on nitric oxide (NO) plasma levels in postmenopausal women. Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: Healthy volunteers in an academic research environment.
Patient(s): Twenty-eight healthy postmenopausal women. Intervention(s): Transdermal administration of E, (100 pg/d) or placebo on days 1 and 4 of a l-week treatment regimen. Main Outcome Measure(s): Serum concentrations of E, and plasma concentrations of NO stable oxidation products were assessed on day 1, before placement of the patch, and subsequently on days 2, 3, and 6. Result(s): The mean concentration of NO metabolites on days 2, 3, and 6 was significantly greater in the E, group (40.08 5 15.42 pmol/L, 38.05 _+ 18.82 pmol/L, and 42.03 5 16.81 pmol/L on days 2, 3, and 6, respectively) compared with both baseline levels (23.07 + 5.79 PmolL) and the placebo group (23.51 2 4.06 PmolIL, 21.64 + 4.72 Fmol/L, and 21.81 2 4.46 pmol/L on days 2, 3, and 6, respectively). Conclusion(s): During a l-week treatment regimen with transdermal E,, plasma levels of NO in postmenopausal women were significantly higher than baseline levels on days 2, 3, and 6. This suggests that the effect of estrogens on NO synthesis is rapid and that it is maintained with repeated administration. (Fertil SteriP 1998;69:58-61. 01998 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.
Colonization and damages of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle on archaeological structures: Evidence from the Aurelian Walls in Rome (Italy)
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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