1,720,974 research outputs found
Enlarging spatial divides in local job markets? Insights from Italy, 2004–2013.
No full textBusiness cycles in wealthier countries reflected a continuous transformation of spatial organizations of both countries and regions, possibly strengthening social inequalities and polarization in more and less productive areas. Local job markets are particularly sensitive to changes in both settlement forms and socioeconomic functions, being in turn dependent on more intense regional divides and product dynamics. More specifically, economic downturns were assumed to influence regional spatial structures. To validate this hypothesis, we investigated (i) spatial regime and (ii) short-term changes of both activity rate and unemployment rate (taken as proxies of local job market functioning) in 686 homogeneous districts of Italy over three periods: (i) employment growth reflecting moderate income expansion (2004–2007); (ii) early crisis' stage with a modest increase of unemployment (2007–2010); and (iii) late crisis' stage with marked increase of unemployment (2010–2013). The empirical analysis identified the socioeconomic factors that characterize job market dynamics more effectively. Results pointed out that the 2007 recession corresponded with decreased spatial polarizations in unemployment rate, resulting in a deepening of the traditional gap between affluent northern regions and disadvantaged southern areas
Evaluating the impact of Violence Against Women in the macroeconomic Input–Output framework
No full textViolence against women and girls (VAW&G) has progressively become an emergency issue in many European countries and a relevant topic of public discussion. In this paper, we attempt to insert this theme within a model for macroeconomic policy design and evaluation. Special attention is devoted to the assessment of distortions in the allocation of public expenditure generated by VAW&G, in terms of gains and losses in aggregate total output. We adopt a macroeconomic input–output approach by adding to the framework an industry that produces care services to victims of VAW&G. The resulting model is integrated with the public expenditure reallocations that emerge as a result of the progressive elimination of violence. It is, thus, a simulation tool for determining total output gains or losses that emerge from the reallocation of public expenditures as VAW&G fades
Lo scambio di informazione e conoscenza nel settore vitivinicolo: un’analisi delle reti sociali
No full textVi è unanime consenso tra gli studiosi circa l’importanza che riveste la cosiddetta atmosfera industriale nel favorire la diffusione di conoscenza nei sistemi locali di produzionie. Ciò nonostan-te, rimane aperto il dibattito circa la natura, i confini ed i meccanismi sottostanti questo fenomeno..
Questo lavoro mira ad offrire un contributo in questo ambito di ricerca esplorando le dinamiche interne alla scatola nera dell’atmosfera industriale attraverso una ricostruzione dei contatti infor-mali su cui si fonda l’apprendimento collettivo. Lo studio si basa su l’analisi empirica di un sistema vitivinicolo italiano ed utilizza la metodologia d’analisi delle reti sociali
Denominazioni d'Origine e Sviluppo Sostenibile, un'Analisi dei Vini DOC Emiliano-Romagnoli
No full textOggi la sostenibilità influenza concretamente la nostra vita e l'attività economica. La sostenibilità ambientale è adottata come elemento tracciante in tutte le politiche dell'Unione Europea.Il concetto di sostenibilità è entrato da tempo nella gestione delle produzioni agroalimentari. Questo lavoro ha cercato di dare sostanza a queste costatazioni, realizzando uno studio su un comparto specifico quale quello vitivinicolo e su una regione quale l'Emilia-Romagna la cui Direzione in materia di agricoltura ha da tempo una sensibilità particolare per le problematiche ambientali. In questa ottica si è andati a vedere che tipo di relazioni ci sono fra produzione vitivinicola a Denominazione d'Origine Controllata (DOC) e azioni per lo sviluppo sostenibile
Unconventional monetary policy expansion: the economic impact through a dynamic CGE model.
No full textThe ongoing economic stagnation and low inflation rates affecting
EU have refuelled the debate on the role and the limits of monetary policy in
pushing the economic growth. Given the tight margins for fiscal policy for EU state
members, traditional and unconventional monetary policies are becoming more
looked-for to break out of this condition. However, the main issue on whether
the real or nominal aspects prevails still remains. In this situation, a framework
able to identify and analyse any interaction between economic and financial
flows becomes crucial to detect the dynamics pushing towards expansions or
contractions resulting from monetary policies. Therefore, the aim of this paper is
to investigate the direct and indirect impact of monetary policies implemented by
the European Central Bank on the main Italian macroeconomic variables both in
aggregate and disaggregate terms. For this purpose we use dynamic computable
general equilibrium (CGE) model calibrated on the financial social accounting
matrix for Italian economy
An attempt to quantify the technological change in Italy through a multisectoral framework: a comparative analysis.
No full textFrom the study of the recent technological progress, it emerges, within the scholars, the idea of a fourth industrial revolution, centred on the digitalisation of the productive processes. This revolution is aimed to lead the transfer from the Human to Machine to the Machine-to-Machine Revolution. This phase is anticipated by a preparatory phase of provision of new tools for the information and communication, which constitute the instruments through which this technological advance can be realized, sometimes referred as the third industrial revolution. On the applied side, the Global competitive index ranking of 2019, evaluates the economic and technological performance of the different countries of the world. This is done based on various parameters among which Innovation Capability and ICT adoption. According to this ranking Italy is graded at the 30th place (53rd in ICT adoption and 22nd place in Innovation Capability).
The aim of this work is to evaluate quantitatively, as possible, the place of the Italian economy in implementing the Information and Communication Technology, comparing the Italian outcomes with those of The Netherlands, a European country that has gained a position among other countries. The Netherlands, in fact, occupy the 4th place, behind Singapore, the United States and Hong Kong, overtaking Germany and Switzerland. Its innovation capability is at 10th place in the world and its ICT adoption is at 24th place.
The analysis adopts the multisectoral Input-Output viewpoint, starting from the last available Input- Output Flow Tables retrieved from the WIOD database. This database provides a homogeneous statistical basis from which the sectoral macroeconomic results of the two countries can be conveniently compared. A preliminary comparison is centred on the sectoral composition of the main macroeconomic variables in order to identify for each macro-variable its structural content with adjustments according to the dimension of each economy. The analysis continues with the interindustry linkages determination, whose results could confirm and detail the different position of the two economies in the world ranking.
A further development of this work would be moving the linkage analysis to the global value chain. To this aim, the role of linkages shift from an inter-sectoral perspective to an intercountry one. The global value chain, in fact, includes both “upstream” activities, identified by the backward linkages. Through them a country, in fact a supplier, exports intermediate goods to another country, identified as “downstream” producer, which refine the good to the aim of further export. WIOD database seem to provide convenient aggregation for both the linkage analysis and the global value chain, through import by commodity, country of origin and country of destination
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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