1,720,967 research outputs found
Gli spazi aperti di prossimità. Un'opportunità di cambiamento verso la transizione ecologica.
No full textA seguito dell’inizio della crisi sanitaria globale, che ha evidenziato l’incapacità di
molte città nel rispondere alle molteplici e concomitanti emergenze, è maturata
la consapevolezza di quanto fosse necessario ragionare non solo su come fronteggiare
il virus, ma anche su come il sovra-utilizzo e il conseguente adattamento dell’ecosistema ai bisogni antropici stessero acuendo i rischi globali che riconoscono
nell’urbanizzazione dei territori una tra le principali cause di alterazione ambientale.
Al contempo, città ben pianificate spazialmente si sono dimostrate più resilienti
evidenziando quanto proprio le città possano rappresentare il principale campo
di applicazione di strategie per la transizione ambientale per attivare co-benefici
per salute e clima. Il contributo presenta gli esiti di una ricerca su alcune ipotesi
di riconfigurazione degli spazi urbani di prossimità, finalizzate alla mitigazione e
all’adattamento agli effetti dei cambiamenti climatici, considerando condizioni multiple
di sostenibilità individuate da tre ambiti di intervento e dalle loro interrelazioni
più efficaci per la decarbonizzazione: energie rinnovabili, accessibilità e mobilità sostenibile, servizi ecosistemici
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mutazioni. Sguardi sul territorio, sull’ambiente e sul paesaggio
No full textIl paesaggio è il risultato di un rapporto strettissimo che esiste da sempre tra la storia prodotta dall’uomo e la geografia che forma la terra, due fattori che reciprocamente, con un andamento continuo e instancabile, si modificano dinamicamente.
Da Alexander von Humboldt, grande conoscitore della “scienza della natura” e della geografia moderna, che con i suoi studi mette in luce la relazione universale che esiste tra uomo e natura e che è alla base delle dinamiche ambientali, alla Convenzione Europea del Paesaggio, in cui all’articolo 1 si legge che il «“paesaggio” designa una determinata parte di territorio, così come è percepita dalle popolazioni, il cui carattere deriva dall'azione di fattori naturali e/o umani e dalle loro interrelazioni»: la relazione tra fenomeni antropici e fenomeni naturali, la sovrapposizione delle stratificazioni temporali e materiche convivono in un rapporto di reciproca influenza.
La definizione di paesaggio si fonda dunque sulla consapevolezza che le azioni dell’uomo trasformano e condizionano l’ambiente, e che esso può modificare, di conseguenza, la percezione che l’uomo ha di esso. Nel reciproco scambio che intercorre tra paesaggio e uomo, tra natura e artificio, fra territorio e storia si concretizza la narrazione del nostro territorio e più in grande della Terra, in un orizzonte in continua trasformazione.
Il vivere, l’abitare la Terra, le azioni dell’uomo su di essa, gli sguardi sul territorio, sull’ambiente e sul paesaggio, sulla loro rappresentazione sono affrontati in questo volume attraverso il tema delle mutazioni. Mutazioni intese come cambiamenti spontanei o indotti, alterazioni che determinano il divenire continuo del nostro pianeta.
Ambiente, Città, Paesaggio-Territorio e Rappresentazioni sono le quattro macrocategorie in cui vengono raccolti i contributi degli autori: professionisti, accademici, ricercatori, amministratori riportano la loro conoscenza ed esperienza confrontandosi sul tema
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Abstract 5584: The critical role of CLIC1 in mediating metformin's antitumoral effects on glioblastoma
No full textGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal brain tumor and there is a general agreement that GBM stem cells (GSCs) are primarily responsible for its high invasiveness and recurrence. It has been demonstrated that several membrane proteins are upregulated in GSCs and support tumor relapse. However, most of these membrane resident proteins are also involved in essential physiological processes, limiting their use as selective anticancer targets. The ideal target will be a membrane protein only present on the tumor surface. CLIC1 is a metamorphic protein that can transition between cytoplasmic and transmembrane forms (tmCLIC1), with the latter associated with chloride conductance. tmCLIC1 is enriched in the plasma membrane of GSCs, while it is largely absent in healthy cells. Previous experiments demonstrated that impairment of tmCLIC1 downregulated tumor growth and invasion. Thus, this protein could represent a promising antitumoral target. It has been demonstrated that tmCLIC1 is sensitive to metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug. Previous data showed contradictory results about the use of metformin against solid tumor growth. We have recently demonstrated that in human primary GSCs, tmCLIC1 is the principal target of metformin. There are two main problems to adopt metformin as a chemotherapic molecules on glioblastoma patients: the high drug concentration needed to be effective and the time at which tumor cells are exposed to the drug. The final aim of the present study is to improve metformin-CLIC1 interaction, trying to lower metformin effective concentration. The first step is to uncover the molecular mechanism of metformin binding to tmCLIC1. Our results show how mutating a specific single arginine of tmCLIC1 (R29) leads to the loss of metformin’s antitumoral properties. Nonetheless, since arginine and metformin carry the same charge, we tried to investigate more deeply this interaction through a molecular docking simulation. We found that this residue coordinates different negatively charged amino acids, that might create the correct environment in which metformin could bind the protein. The electrophysiological test confirmed that mutating only one of these negatively charged residues partially impairs the effect of metformin on the tmCLIC1 current. Finally, we demonstrated that CLIC1 is essential in metformin antitumoral mechanism against GBM also in zebrafish embryos and in murine model. The project’s long-term goal is to develop a personalized medicine against GBM based on the use of metformin
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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