1,721,630 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Syntheses and characterizations of gallium arsenide nanowires and carbon nanohelices doped with silicon nanocrystals
No full text本論文分為兩大部分，第一部分將利用加熱蒸鍍 (thermal evaporation) 的方法，合成砷化鎵半導體奈米線，藉由改變溫度、壓力與攜帶氣體的比例等變因，來觀察對於合成的結果有何影響，試圖最佳化砷化鎵奈米線的合成品質。利用特定大小的奈米金屬做為催化劑，來控制合成的砷化鎵奈米線的直徑。這些奈米線配合專門的壓電極與量測電流的儀器，我們可以進行單根的電流電壓量測，提供將來電性上的應用空間。為了鑑定奈米線合成的品質好壞，論文中並且進行了一系列電子顯微鏡、元素分析、X-光繞射與電子繞射圖譜的分析，確定了奈米線的結構屬於砷化鎵zinc-blende的單晶結構。
第二部分則利用化學氣相沉積法 (chemical vapor deposition) 的方式，改進過去合成碳奈米螺旋線繩 (carbon helical nanowires) 的例子，合成出碳奈米螺旋線內摻雜矽奈米顆粒。為了比較與過去的差異，鑑定矽奈米顆粒的結晶情形，也觀察了其電子顯微影像與選區電子繞射圖譜 (selected area electron diffraction, SAED) 等分析過程。同時探討了合成過程各種條件，對於這些奈米螺旋線的影響。謝誌……………………………………………………………………..Ⅰ
摘要……………………………………………………………………..Ⅲ
目錄……………………………………………………………………..Ⅳ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅷ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅹ
第一章、 序論…………………………………………………………..1
1-1 砷化鎵奈米線……………………………………………...1
1-1.1 砷化鎵材料簡介………………………………………1
1-1.2 過去合成方法………………………………………....2
1-1.3 蒸氣-液體-固體生長機制…………………………….3
1-2 碳奈米螺旋線摻雜矽奈米顆粒…………………………...4
1-2.1 奈米碳纖維簡介………………………………………5
1-2.2 過去合成方法………………………………………... 6
1-2.3 表面擴散生長機制……………….………………...…7
第二章、 實驗方法……..……………………………………………..10
2-1 基版的準備……………………………..……………….10
2-1.1 金奈米顆粒的合成…………..…………………….....10
2-1.2 金奈米顆粒散佈並固定於矽晶片上……..……….....10
2-1.3 離子濺鍍鍍膜………..………………………….……12
2-2 製成系統簡介……………………………………………12
2-3 分析工具簡介………………..…………….…..……….. 18
2-3.1 X光繞射儀….……………….………………..……... 18
2-3.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡….………………………..……... 19
2-3.3 掃描式電子顯微鏡…..………………….……………20
2-3.4 能量分散式光譜儀…………..………….……………21
2-3.5 離子濺鍍機..………………………………………….21
第三章、 砷化鎵奈米線之分析與討論………..…..………….…….. 23
3-1 砷化鎵奈米線的合成與條件掌控………………………23
3-1.1 催化金屬影響…………..………………………….…..23
Ⅰ. 引言……………………………….……………….23
Ⅱ. 控制催化金屬的大小……………..………………25
Ⅲ. 金奈米顆粒與濺鍍金膜催化效果比較…………..29
3-1.2 溫度影響…..………………………..………………...30
Ⅰ. 引言…………….………………………………….30
Ⅱ. 溫度梯度……………..……………………………31
Ⅲ. 最適當生長溫度…………………………………..32
3-1.3 攜帶氣體影響..……………………………………….34
Ⅰ. 引言…………….………………………………….34
Ⅱ. 氬氣與氫氣的比例……………..…………………35
3-2 砷化鎵奈米線之結構鑑定…………...………………….37
3-2.1 成份鑑定與粉末X-光繞射圖譜..……………...…….37
Ⅰ. X-光粉末繞射圖譜….…………………….……….37
Ⅱ. 成分鑑定……………..……………………………41
3-2.2 高解析度穿透式電子顯微影像分析…………..….....43
Ⅰ. 晶格影像與電子繞射圖譜…………….……….…43
Ⅱ. 分析與討論……………..…………………………45
3-3 砷化鎵奈米線的電學效應……….……………………...46
3-3.1 砷化鎵奈米線製成元件…………………..………….46
3-3.2 電流與電壓曲線圖………………..………………….48
3-3.3 退火處理的影響….………………………………......50
3-3.4 應用……………….…………………..……………....51
3-3.5 結論………………...………………………………....52
第四章、 碳奈米螺旋線之分析與討論…..…..………………………54
4-1 碳奈米螺旋線的合成………….….……………….……54
4-1.1 實驗裝置………….…………………………………..57
Ⅰ.催化金屬準備…………..………….……………….57
Ⅱ. 輔助基板的影響………………..…………………59
Ⅲ. 氣體帶動液體樣品……………..…………………61
4-1.2 反應條件………….…….…………..………………...62
Ⅰ. 基板位置與溫度影響....………….……………….62
Ⅱ. 反應時間影響…………………..…………………63
Ⅲ. 氣體流速影響…………………..…………………64
4-2 電子顯微影像與選區電子繞射圖譜.…………………66
4-2.1 影像分析…………..…………………………………66
4-2.2 元素分析……………………………………………70
4-3 與實驗室之前的成果比較…………………………………70
第五章、 結論…………..……………………………………………72
參考文獻………………………………………………………………7
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