1,721,097 research outputs found
An Ontology-based, Semi-structured, and Evolutionary Peer-to-Peer Network for Information Systems and Services
No full textThe Impact of Citizen Journalism's Rise in Taiwan on Public Policies : A Comparative Analysis of LoSheng Santorium Conservation Movement, Dapu Farmland Issue, and Anti-KuoKuang Petrochemical Project Event
No full text本研究試圖從樂生、苗栗大埔及反國光石化事件等三項社會運動過程中，探討因網路發展而產生的公民新聞(Citizen journalism)崛起現象，如何在前述社會運動中，發揮輿論影響力，並進而扭轉或影響公共政策過程中的關鍵因素。
台灣政治雖然經歷所謂寧靜革命，並完成多項民主成就，如總統直選及二次政黨輪替等，但從公民作主的角度，則發現政治決策過程並不因民主的進展而能夠真正吸納人民的意見和聲音。其中主要因為代議民主孳生之弊病，加上媒體受到政治經濟力量以及網路興起的影響，日漸喪失原先被賦與和期待的第四權角色，以致公民往往成為精英和官僚決策下的棋子或祭品，卻無救濟之道。
近來台灣公民新聞日益蓬勃發展，尤其公民新聞和公共審議精神的宗旨若合符節，並且在與社運團體合作的過程中，實踐了參與式民主的精神。公民新聞在三個事件中的扮演的角色為何？公民如何能夠透過新媒體，對公共政策表達意見，甚而影響決策過程，乃本研究最主要的宗旨。
本研究將先對公民新聞的定義和發展，民主理論和公共政策分析的演進，進行文獻分析。然後針對個案，就個別事件中公民記者、社運工作者和在地行動者的深度訪談，歸納和探討成功或失敗的原因，並進一步比較公民新聞在其中扮演的角色，以及公共政策所受到的衝擊和影響。
在結論中，將透過訪談心得與民主理論的對話中，探討公民新聞帶來公民解放、媒體解構以及民主進程的種種發展和衝擊。This study attempts to explore how the Internet-based Citizen Journalism phenomenon has exercised as the key factor in influencing the public opinions and further overturning or affecting the decision-making processes of public policies from the Lo-Sheng Case, the Protest from Dapu of Miaoli, and Anti Guo-Kuang Petroleum Plant social movement.
The politics of Taiwan have undergone the so-called Silent Revolution and fulfilled numerous democratic achievements, including the direct presidential election system and two rounds of overturning political parties as the ruling parties. However, despite such democratic progress, the political decision-making process has not fully absorbed and accepted the opinions and vox populi (voices of the people) from the perspective of ‘ruling by the citizens.’ The reasons partially lie in the problematic electoral democratic system, coupled with the impact of political and economic power on the media and the rising influence of the Internet media. Media has gradually lost the role of ‘the Fourth Estate’ which was empowered and anticipated by the citizens, so that citizens have become the chess pieces or victims of elitism and bureaucratic decision-making, with no ways out as solutions.
Recently the Citizen Journalism has developed rapidly in Taiwan. This has fulfilled the spirit of participatory democracy, especially when Citizen Journalism matches the goal of the public deliberation and cooperates with social movement groups in its process. What exactly is the role that Citizen Journalism has played in these three events? The major goal of this study focuses on how citizens express their opinions towards public policies and even influence the decision-making process.
The study first defines Citizen Journalism and its development in democratic theories and public decision-making analysis through the review of literature, followed by case studies with in-depth interviews with citizen journalists, social movement members, and local participants in each case to conclude and investigate the reasons for success or failure, and further compare the role of Citizen Journalism and the impact of and influence on the relevant public policies within these cases.
The conclusion exposes the reflections based on these interviews and the dialogues in democratic theories to explore the liberation and media de-construction as well as the multifaceted progress and impact of democratic procession caused by Civic Journalism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
OntoZilla: An Ontology-based, Semi-structured, and Evolutionary Peer-to-Peer Network for Information Systems and Services
No full text 本體論已成為資訊管理的新典範，而點對點系統則為分散式資訊共享提供了一個彈性的網路環境。由於結合本體論與點對點系統可以達到綜效，許多學者都開始研究如何將它們適當地結合。其中，有些研究是奠基在 DHT 網路之上。然而，DHT 的本質可能招致一些無法避免的缺點，如難以支援豐富語意的查詢、在分散的節點上維護 DHT 而導致負荷、以及對節點自主性產生限制等等。相對的，有些研究則運用中央化機制，以建構一個支援彈性且豐富查詢的網路。但是，使用中央化機制將會使系統遭受一些先天上的問題，如易受攻擊和當機之患。以上所提到這幾點，在在都突顯出我們需要一個同時兼顧彈性與強固性的設計。
我們運用嶄新的方法，構思出一個發揮本體論與點對點系統之綜效的網路，稱作『OntoZilla』。在這個系統中，每個節點上的資源，都是利用本體論技術來作管理，因此這個網路中的各種資訊都能被自動化處理。另一方面，我們也運用本體論來組織節點。藉由使用“語意連結”來反應節點之間的關係，構成了一個以本體論為基礎且具半結構化特性的網路拓撲。為了使節點之間的關係能保持最新，節點們彼此會不斷地“交換訊息”，使他們的關係得以持續演化。再者，我們也針對容錯、負載平衡、穩定化等方面提出對策，使我們的系統更能自我管理並適應各種情況。這個智慧的系統可以被運用到許多領域，如可以當做概念檢索的平台，或是動態服務探索與整合的平台。我們相信這個系統將可以改善資訊檢索的流程，並且促進更佳的系統相互整合與溝通。Ontologies are a new paradigm for information management, while peer-to-peer (P2P) systems provide a flexible network infrastructure for distributed information sharing. As combining ontologies and P2P systems would result in synergy, many researchers have focused on a combination of them. Some research is based on Distributed Hash Table (DHT) networks. However, the nature of DHTs may necessitate some compromises, because of the difficulty in supporting expressive queries, the overhead of maintaining a hash table at distributed nodes, and the restrictions on peer autonomy. In contrast, other research leverages centralized mechanisms to build a network that supports flexible and expressive queries. However, the use of centralized mechanisms makes systems vulnerable to some inherent problems, such as attacks and failures. All these drawbacks highlight the need for a robust design that also meets the requirement of flexibility.
Taking a different approach to the above, we propose a system called “OntoZilla”, which utilizes the synergy between ontologies and P2P systems. In our system, resources at peers are managed using ontologies, thereby enabling automatic processing of information in the network. On the other hand, we exploit ontologies to organize peers. Using “semantic links”, the relationships among peers are reflected, resulting in an ontology-based and semi-structured network topology. To keep peer relationships up-to-date, peers constantly “gossip” with each other so that their relationships evolve. Furthermore, we tackle the challenges of fault tolerance, load balance, and stabilization so that the system is self-supervising and adaptive. This intelligent system can be applied to many areas. For example, it can be used as a platform for concept searches, or for dynamic service discovery and integration. We believe our system would improve the process of information searching and facilitate greater integration as well as interoperability.1 Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.2 Outline 4
2 Related Work 6
2.1 Taxonomies 6
2.2 Ontologies 7
2.3 The Semantic Web 8
2.4 Peer-to-Peer Systems 13
2.5 Combination of Ontologies and P2P Systems 16
2.5.1 Semantic Overlay Networks 17
2.5.2 HyperCuP 18
2.5.3 GridVine 20
2.5.4 Super-Peer-based Routing and Clustering Strategies 22
2.5.5 Summary and Evaluation of this Section 23
3 System Design 25
3.1 System Overview 25
3.2 Semantic Links 29
3.3 Evolution of Peer Relationships 31
3.4 Sample Peers and SIGs 32
3.5 Configuration Parameters 32
3.6 Join 33
3.6.1 SIG Join Process 33
3.6.2 Class Join Process 39
3.7 Query Routing 59
3.8 Load Balance 62
3.9 Stabilization 64
3.10 Cluster Merging and SIG Merging 65
3.10.1 Cluster Merging 65
3.10.2 SIG Merging 67
3.11 Leave 68
4 Architecture and Application 69
4.1 Architecture 69
4.2 Application 70
5 Conclusion and Future Work 74
5.1 Conclusion 74
5.2 Future Work 75
A The ACM Computing Classification System 1998 (sample) 7
Power Estimation for Embedded Processors based on Verilog-to-SystemC Conversion
No full text近年來因為可攜式的電子產品需求量大增，大眾對於電池的續航力的要求也越來越高，因而功率消耗的問題成為受人曯目的重要議題。使用Verilog HDL來開發硬體時，可以從中得到功率消耗的資訊，但是卻相當的耗費時間。考慮到系統整體的運作，包含硬體與軟體部分的耗能評估及管理，希望能有更快速的機制。若能從暫存器傳輸層級提升至較高層級的硬體描述語言SystemC，並且將耗能的資訊加入於SystemC之中，便可以有效率地達到耗能評估及管理的目的。本文中，我們選用了一個開放原始碼，是由Sun UltralSPARC T1所延伸出的Simply RISC處理器，並提出基於Verilog HDL轉換成SystemC的功率消耗模組。隨後在以模擬器執行軟體的過程中，便可以提供此SystemC所模擬之硬體模組的功率耗費情形，而不必使用原有的Verilog HDL模組，因此效能可以達到15倍之多。由實驗的結果得知此功耗模組相較於以Verilog HDL原始碼經由電子設計自動化工具所量測的誤差值在3%以下，因此使用較高層級的硬體描述語言來進行耗能的評估也能有很好的準確性。With the growing demand of the portable devices in recent years, battery life and power consumption have become important in the design of embedded systems. While the Verilog HDL is popular for hardware engineers to design chips, it is very time-consuming to using Verilog HDL for power analysis. One would prefer to use a higher level system design language, e.g. SystemC, to evaluate and model the power consumption of a system in an early design stage.n this thesis, we choose to study Simply RISC, an open source chip design, based on Sun UltraSPARC T1, and proposed a power estimation scheme based on Verilog-to-SystemC conversion. Given a program, the scheme reports the information of power consumption for the converted SystemC module, with up to the 15X speedup over Verilog HDL-based simulation, while the estimated power is within 1.53% of the result from a Verilog HDL simulation tool.誌謝 i文摘要 iibstract iii錄 iv目錄 vi目錄 viii1章 序論 12章 相關研究 3.1 相關背景知識 3.1.1 Sun OpenSPARC T1與Simply RISC的簡介 3.1.2 SystemC 5.2 功率消耗分析的相關研究 63章 SystemC模組建置 8.1 相關轉換工具 8.1.1 V2SC 8.1.2 Verilator 8.2 Verilog轉換SystemC工具 9.2.1 Verilog轉換MMF 9.2.2 MMF轉換SystemC 13.2.3 轉換結果 15.3 驗證以SystemC為基礎的EXU單元 16.3.1 驗證機制 16.3.2 Verilog HDL/SystemC協同模擬 18.3.3 驗證結果 194章 功率模組 20.1 分析功率所使用之電子設計自動化工具 20.1.1 Synopsys Design Compiler 20.1.2 Synopsys PrimePower 21.2 S1 Core中EXU的內部單元 22.3 功率模組之建置 23.4 功耗訓練 25.5 導入功率模組於S1 Core 26.6 功率模組驗證 285章 實驗結果 30.1 測試程式 30.2 功率消耗比較 31.2.1 訓練集合內的測試程式 31.2.2 訓練集合之外的測試程式 35.3 效能比較 406章 結論和未來展望 42考文獻 4
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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