895 research outputs found
Die “ek” in (‘YK’): Die desentralisasie van die subjek in Breyten Breytenbach se digbundel (‘YK’)
Full text linkIn Breyten Breytenbach’s poetry the “I” is complex. “I” and “you”, the writer and the reader, are not represented with constituted meanings but as signifiers and as part of language production. This article reflects on the development process of the writer as the textual “I”, the “I” narrator in the poetic text – the “I” of language that is not homogeneous or constant. The text is regarded as a pluriform in dialogue (often incomplete) with a variety of texts, the writer and his text, the texts of the reader and the texts of society and history. The author discusses the decentralisation of the subject in Breytenbach’s poetry with respect to his prison collection (‘YK’), and especially the poem “nekra” (a neologism recalling “necro”)
Analysis and Reconstruction of Shipwreck YK 11 (c. Seventh Century A.D.) from the Theodosian Harbor at Yenikapı in Istanbul, Turkey
Full text linkSince 2004, the Istanbul Archaeological Museums have conducted salvage archaeological excavations at the construction site of an underground railway station at Yenikapı in Istanbul, Turkey. These excavations have unearthed the remains of Constantinople’s Theodosian Harbor (Portus Theodosiacus), including 36 Byzantine shipwrecks. The detailed study of eight of these wrecks was allocated to a small international team under the direction of Cemal Pulak from the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (INA) at Texas A&M University. One of these shipwrecks, YK 11, was a small, heavily-repaired, pine-built merchantman abandoned as a derelict at the western end of the harbor early in the seventh century. This dissertation serves as a detailed record of the YK 11 hull remains, provides a theoretical reconstruction of the vessel, compares the ship’s construction with that of contemporaneous vessels, and explores the ship’s historical context.
The YK 11 hull was excavated, dismantled, and removed from the construction zone at Yenikapı in 2008. The author conducted the post-excavation documentation of the ship’s timbers between 2009 and 2012, following methods established by Fred van Doorninck and J. Richard Steffy of INA in their work with Mediterranean shipwrecks. This documentation revealed that YK 11 had undergone a series of significant repairs over the ship’s lifetime. In these repairs, much of the ship’s original planking, edge fastened with unpegged mortise-and-tenon joints below the waterline, was replaced with planks lacking edge fasteners; a considerable number of the ship’s frames were also replaced. These repairs to YK 11 significantly complicated the interpretation of its original construction.
The paucity of edge fasteners, presence of caulking, and attachment of frames to the keel might be taken as evidence that YK 11 was built after a skeleton-based tradition. However, with the detailed documentation of each component timber, a careful analysis of fastening patterns, the identification of repairs, and a thorough study of the preserved surface detail, it is clear that YK 11, although exhibiting evidence of both shell-first and skeleton-first techniques, was initially designed and built as a primarily shell-based vessel. As such, this study of YK 11 contributes valuable new information toward a better understanding of the transition from shell-based to skeleton-based shipbuilding in the Mediterranean
Suržyk as a Transitional Stage from Russian to Ukrainian: The Perspective of Ukrainian Migrants and War Refugees in Finland
Full text linkThis article examines how Ukrainian migrants and war refugees in Finland perceive and use Suržyk, a cluster of intermediate varieties between Ukrainian and Russian, as a transitional stage facilitating the shift from Russian-dominant to Ukrainian-dominant speech. Drawing on 1615 survey responses collected between November 2022 and January 2023, the study reveals that 42 respondents view Suržyk as a bridge that supports the gradual acquisition of standard Ukrainian. Qualitative content analysis of open-ended responses shows repeated references to Suržyk as a “stepping stone”, “temporary means” or “bridge”, highlighting its role in maintaining intelligibility and fluency for speakers who are not confident in standard Ukrainian. Although some respondents acknowledge the stigma associated with mixed speech, they also stress Suržyk’s practical advantages in contexts shaped by the 2022 full-scale war and heightened purist discourses. Speakers report pressure to adhere to purist language norms in formal settings, whereas in informal spaces, they consider Suržyk a natural outcome of bilingual backgrounds. These findings illuminate the interplay between language ideologies, sociopolitical dynamics, and individual agency, suggesting that for many Ukrainians in Finland, Suržyk serves as a temporary yet functional means to align with Ukrainian identity under rapidly changing circumstances
Predators and prey
No full textMR0549988This article presents the basic conclusions contained in the English-language papers by the author [Math. Biosci. 33 (1977), no. 1–2, 135–144; MR0682243] and by the author and W. J. Bühler [ibid. 38 (1978), no. 3–4, 293–301; MR0479452] on the probability of extinction of the prey in a bivariate Markov chain model (Xk,Yk) for the number of prey Xk and number of predators Yk at time kT, k≥0, imbedded in a complex continuous-time process
A Simple Proof for a Forbidden Subposet Problem
No full textThe posetYk,2consists ofk+ 2 distinct elementsx1,x2, . . . ,xk,y1,y2, suchthatx16x26. . .6xk6y1,y2. The posetY?k,2is the dual poset ofYk,2.The sum of theklargest binomial coefficients of ordernis denoted by ?(n, k).Let La](n,{Yk,2, Y?k,2}) be the size of the largest familyF ?2[n]that containsneitherYk,2norY?k,2as an induced subposet. Methuku and Tompkins proved thatLa](n,{Y2,2, Y?2,2}) = ?(n,2) forn>3 and conjectured the generalization that ifk>2 is an integer andn>k+1, then La](n,{Yk,2, Y?k,2}) = ?(n, k). On the other hand,it is known that La](n, Yk,2) and La](n, Y?k,2) are both strictly greater than ?(n, k).In this paper, we introduce a simple approach, motivated by discharging, to provethis conjecture
A simple method for taxon-specific purification of diatom frustules from ocean sediments using a cell sorter
Full text linkThis work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 19J01441, 20H04973, and 21K14030 (YK), and 17H06318 (AI and MI). The frst author (YK) also obtained a travel grant for participation in the scientifc cruise IODP Expedition 382 from the Japan Drilling Earth Science Consortium (J-DESC).journal articl
HAK ASUH ANAK AKIBAT PERCERAIAN (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 471/Pdt.G/2012/PA Yk.)
Full text linkDivorce that often occurs in households certainly has legal consequences,
one of which is the issue of child custody due to divorce. Based on the
Compilation of Islamic Law, it states that the mother is the one who has the right
to take care of the child before the child is mumayyiz or 12 years old, if he is 12
years old, he will have the right to choose with whom he lives either his mother or
father, which in the Compilation of Islamic Law the father ranks second in the
right to take care of children who are not yet mumayyiz. As for not always child
custody falls to the mother, the father also has the right to have the same rights as
the mother, when the conditions for determining the mother do not meet the
criteria for providing the interests of the child, because in terms of childcare the
first thing that must be considered is the interests of the child and has the ability
and ability to provide security to children who are victims of divorce. This
research is an analysis of the determination of child custody given to the
Petitioner, the biological father where the child is not yet mumayyiz or 12 years
old as decided by the Yogyakarta Religious Court.
The type of research used by the author is library research, namely by
examining several legal materials, the nature of the research used is Descriptive-
Analytic, namely analyzing and describing data regarding child custody due to
divorce in decision Number 471/Pdt. G/2012/PA Yk.
The results of the research that the author has found in this study show that
the panel of judges who are authorized to hear and examine cases of child custody
due to divorce. The panel considered that after going through the mediation
process, the Petitioner and Respondent managed to reach a peace agreement that
the custody of the two children was with the second party, namely the biological
mother
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