1,739 research outputs found

    C.S. Lewis: Reactions from Women

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    Recounts the experiences of eight women (including the author) who knew C.S. Lewis

    High-k fluoropolymers dielectrics for low-bias ambipolar organic light emitting transistors (Olets)

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    Funding Information: Author Contributions: Conceptualization, A.A. and C.S.; methodology, A.A. and C.S.; validation, A.A., K.G.-R., and C.S.; data curation, A.A., K.G.-R., and C.S.; writing—original draft preparation, A.A. and C.S.; writing—review and editing, A.A., K.G.-R., and C.S.; supervision, C.S.; project administration, C.S.; funding acquisition, C.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published ver-sion ofFunding:the manuThescript.authors acknowledge the support from the Academy of Finland Flagship Program (Grant No.: 320167, PREIN) and the Aalto seed funding scheme. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Organic light emitting transistors (OLETs) combine, in the same device, the function of an electrical switch with the capability of generating light under appropriate bias conditions. In this work, we demonstrate how engineering the dielectric layer based on high-k polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based polymers can lead to a drastic reduction of device driving voltages and the improvement of its optoelectronic properties. We first investigated the morphology and the dielectric response of these polymer dielectrics in terms of polymer (P(VDF-TrFE) and P(VDF-TrFE-CFE)) and solvent content (cyclopentanone, methylethylketone). Implementing these high-k PVDF-based dielectrics enabled low-bias ambipolar organic light emitting transistors, with reduced threshold voltages (<20 V) and enhanced light output (compared to conventional polymer reference), along with an overall improvement of the device efficiency. Further, we preliminary transferred these fluorinated high-k dielectric films onto a plastic substrate to enable flexible light emitting transistors. These findings hold potential for broader exploitation of the OLET platform, where the device can now be driven by commercially available electronics, thus enabling flexible low-bias organic electronic devices.Peer reviewe

    (22(3):172-185)X光線誘發之稻染色體微小變異半不稔性之研究

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    Among the 87 X3 lines of rice segregated for seed fertility, 22 were found normal in chromosome behavior at diakinesis or metaphase-I in both fertile and semisterile plants. The frequencies of the individual seedset percentages in most of these 22 lines distributed in continuous manners, otherwise in a ratio of 1:1. Semisterile plants of 1:1 segregating X3 lines tended to produce progenies segregated in 1:1, while those of the continuously segregating lines showed relatively unstable breeding behavior. The fertile plants in the stable X4 lines were testcrossed on the original variety, Taichung 65, and 12 homozygotes that set seed normally and bred true were isolated. The similar segregation for seed fertility re-occurred in the respective testcross F2. The percentages of seed fertility and stainable pollen of the intercross F1’s between these homozygotes were, respectively, 14.9%-42.5% and 31.9%-50.0%. Five to 15% of intermediately aborted pollen were observed in the F1’s related with specific homozygotes. The frequencies of seedset and stainable pollen percentages in most of the intercross F2’s distributed in continuous manners similar to those reported in the F2 of the intersubspecific hybrid of rice. 1. 本試驗以研究水稻品種臺中65號經X光線處理後誘發之半不稔性及其遺傳行動為目的,尤其是以顯微鏡不易查出的染色體微小變異者為對象。由10kr,20kr,30kr處理過的X2材料中逢機取出87X3。半不稔系統,其中有22個系統分離半不稔個體而其花粉母細胞在肥厚期和第一中期只形成3%或以下的一個四價染色體,或者都是正常。這些系統可認為染色體構造正常或發生微小變化者。 2. 含有四價染色體的花粉母細胞之百分比少於3%的X3半不稔系統,除了成以一比一分離結實與半結實個體外,尚有許多成連續性分離者。一比一分離系統內的半不稔個體大部分產生同樣分離之後代,但連續性分離者去 p 產生四種不同分離型式之後代。 3. 從四價染色體百分比低於3%的系統內,取其結實個體數株,並回交於原品種。根據此測驗交配的結果,分離出12個稔性正常又固定之同型接合體。連續性分離系統的測驗交配F1有58.2%-64.8%之結實率,一比一分離系統的測驗交配 F1有44.4%-54.8%。上述稔性分離現象無論是一比一或連續者,都能於測驗交配 F2族羣中再度出現。 4. 將上述12個同型結合體互相什交,結果互相什交F1的結實率變異於14.9%-42.5%,而正常花粉率變異於31.9%-50.0%之間。此等F1並沒有單性結果的現象。與一個同型結台體系統有親綠關係的F1均發現有半退化花粉,約變異於5%-15%之間。 5. 同型接合體間互相什交F2族羣中,個體的結實率分離甚廣,與一般秈梗型稻品種問什交F2者相似。至於此種半不稔性是否存在於天然品種之間,猶待今後之探求

    C.S. Lewis: adaptations of life and work

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    The author discusses film representations of the life of C.S. Lewis – a famous English Christian writer. She also focuses on adaptations (that include books, television and cinema) of his most famous series The Chronicles of Narnia – series that for already sixty years have been published all over the world

    The Nurse of Elfland: Lizzie Endicott and C.S. Lewis

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    In Surprised by Joy, C.S. Lewis introduced Lizzie Endicott as the first of two other blessings in his childhood, even before his introduction of Warnie. But apart from his abbreviated 136-word biography, very little is known about the nurse who introduced Lewis to faery tales. Based on the Lewis Family Papers, genealogical research, and personal interviews with Lizzie’s relatives, this article introduces Lizzie to the world of Lewismania. It also suggests various ways in which Lizzie influenced the man and the author that C.S. Lewis became, as well as the mythical worlds he created and Lewis’s anonymous tributes to her

    Remembering C.S. Lewis recollections of those who knew him

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    In this intimate, candid, and sometimes surprising community biography of the celebrated author and Christian apologist, twenty-four men and women who knew C.S. Lewis, as teacher, colleague, friend, offer their reminiscences and impressions of the complex man behind the critical and academic acclaim
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