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Paleanotus chrysos Watson, 2015, n. sp.
No full text<i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. <p>(Figs 1 I; 8A −L; 9)</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype: NTM W.23203, Western Pacific Ocean, QLD, GBR, North Direction Island, 14º44.62’S, 145º30.72’E, CReefs, LI-08-019, coll. C. Glasby, Apr 2008, (23E, L: 2.5 mm, W: 0.45 mm). Paratypes: NTM W.25641, same locality as holotype, (6, including female with large eggs, 22 E, L: 2.5mm, W: 0.6 mm).</p> <p> <b>Other material examined.</b> NTM W.23688, Yonge Reef, 14º34.40’S, 145º37.11’E, CReefs, LI-10-116, Sep 2010, (3: 1, 21E, L: 1.2 mm, W: 0.6 mm); NTM W.23673, Waining Reef, 14º 27.84S, 145º 19.19E, CReefs, LI-09- 0 23, coral rubble, 2 m, coll. C. Watson, Feb 2009, (3E); NTM W.23669, Lizard Island, Coconut Beach, 14º40.88’S, 145º28.35’E, CReefs, LI-09-002, 2 m, coll. C. Watson, Feb 2009, (1, 19E, L: 1.2 mm, W: 0.6 mm); NTM W.23604, Mermaid Beach, 14º38.75’S, 145º27.21’E, CReefs, LI-08-006, fine green algae on sand, 12 m, Apr 2008, (1, 21 E); NTM W.25640, North Point, 14º38.73’S, 145º27.2’E, CReefs, LI-08-020, rubble, 2 m, coll. C. Watson & N. Bruce, Apr 2008, (1, 19E, L: 1.5 mm, W: 0.55 mm); MV F.214507, North east of Townsville, muddy sand, 26 m, (1NE); MV F.214506, Britomart Reef, 18º17’S, 146º38’E, algae & sponges, 3 m, Nov. 1982, (1, 22E, L: 2.3 mm, W: 0.7 mm); MV F 214509, same locality, encrusting algae, Nov 1982, (4, NE); MV F.125877, same locality, reef front, encrusted dead coral with fine red algae, Nov 1982, (1NE); NTM W.23190, Heron Island, CReefs, HI-09-046, Sykes Reef, rubble, 10 m, Nov 2009, (1, 17NE); NTM W.23656, CReefs, HI-10-009, Sykes Reef, rubble, 14 m, coll. M. Blazewicz-Paszokowycz, Nov 2010, (2: 1, 22NE, L: 2.2 mm, W: 0.55 mm; 1, 24E, L: 2.0 mm, W: 0.75 mm); NTM W.23658, North East Lamont Reef, 23º35.20’S, 152º3.73’E, CReefs, HI-10-013, 21 m, coll. M. Capa, Nov 2010, (1, 22E, L: 2 mm, W: 0.65 mm); SMNH 97309, Western Pacific, France, New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, Lifou, 17 m, (1, 20E, L: 2 mm, W: 0.65 mm).</p> <p> <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> species complex</p> <p>NTM W.13169, Philippines, Luzon, Cape Bolinao, coral rubble, red algae & sponge, 12 m, coll. B. Russell, Oct 1995, (1NE, W: 0.9 mm).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> (based on holotype and other material where noted). Very small, elongate body with distinctive paleal notochaetae coloured deep yellow to bright gold. Paleae in neat, slightly ‘prickly’, raised fans over dorsum ie. not completely flattened as in other <i>Paleanotus</i> species. Neuropodia extend a little beyond notopodia.</p> <p>Prostomium with 2 pairs large, dark maroon eyes often merged; median antenna slender, subulate; large, glandular nuchal fold covers posterior prostomium. Segment 2 (chaetigerous segment 1) with 2–4 slender, pointed paleae with 3 ribs (Fig. 8 A, B).</p> <p>Notochaetae of mid-body notopodium composed of 2 slender, pointed laterals with 4–5 ribs; subunit 1 paleae usually absent, sometimes 1–2 small spines present (Fig. 8 C). Main paleae number 6–8 with 13–15 (16) ribs. Paleae with rounded to slight sloping brow, robust margin serration; broad, curved apices. At moderate magnification superior surface of main paleae appears smooth; at high magnification ribs appear thickened, especially basally, with about 4–6 b.l. ribs. Slender dorsal cirri about 2/3 length of main paleae fan (Figs 1 I; 8K; 9). Median paleae number 3; distinctive narrow shape with sloping brow. Lizard Island material median paleae slender with distinct ‘upswept’, broad apices, 8–11 (12) ribs (Fig. 8 E, D). Heron Island, New Caledonian median paleae broader with 9–12 ribs (Fig. 8 K, L). Median paleae appear smooth; under high magnification 5 b.l. ribs visible, especially basally.</p> <p>Neurochaetal types of mid-body neuropodium composed of 2 superior, very slender falcigers; about 4 midsuperior falcigers; 6–8 mid-group falcigers. Latter three groups with pronounced basal serrations. Inferior group of shorter falcigers with slender blades, number 4–6. Total number about 20 (Fig. 8 F–J). Ventral cirri short, subulate.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. has the smallest maximum body segment number and length compared to all other species described in this paper; e.g., mature GBR specimen 24E, length 2.6 mm, width 0.75 mm; the New Caledonian specimen, 20E and length 3.7 mm. <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. is coloured deep yellow in northern GBR specimens, deep mustard yellow to gold in reefs off Townsville, and bright brassy gold in material from Heron Island, southern GBR: a depth of notochaetal pigmentation not seen in any of the other small <i>Paleanotus</i> species.</p> <p> <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. is further differientated by possession of pointed lateral paleae with small number of ribs and short spine/s and the absence of sub-unit 1 paleae. The median paleae shape is unique and horizontal striae are observed more widely separated in the basal quarter of paleae becoming finer distally (Fig. 8 E). Neurochaetal types are similar to those of other species but possess a greater degree of basal serration, particularly of the midgroup falcigers (Fig. 8 G–I). An ovigerous female paratype specimen (starting to disintegrate), has large eggs present from chaetiger 6, measuring 200–250 µm in diameter (Fig. 9).</p> <p> Body size and chaetal morphology of individuals from northern and southern GBR specimens, reefs off Townsville and New Caledonia overall agrees. Lizard Island material possesses the narrowest median paleae as do <i>P. chrysos</i> n. sp. from reefs off Townsville. Heron Island specimens exhibits some broader median paleae as well as the narrower ones; the New Caledonian individual has mainly broad median paleae (cf Fig. 8 D, E & K, L).</p> <p> A New Caledonian specimen is cited as ‘ <i>Paleanotus</i> LI’ in Wiklund <i>et al.</i> (2009). The SMNH specimen on loan for this study is entire so another <i>Paleanotus</i> from the same collection must have been used for the DNA analysis. As there was no morphological description in the paper, a designated species name for the DNA individual is unknown. Future <i>Paleanotus</i> genetic analyses with named species may be able to reveal its identity.</p> <p> A Philippine individual belonging to <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> species complex was collected from an encrusted habitat similar to habitats of <i>P. chrysos</i> n. sp. from the GBR. Chaetal types are also very similar e.g., slender lateral paleae and spines, and the egg size is the same. However the main and median paleae have even more elevated apices; paleael sculpture is different with no b.l. ribs on main paleae and the median paleae possess a central raised rib. This specimen appears part of the <i>chrysos</i> complex and may prove to be a new species. Slender, pointed laterals, often accompanied by spines in <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. are also seen in the <i>P. silus</i> n. sp. species complex but the main and median paleae shape are different between the species. <i>P. chrysos</i> has been found sympatric with <i>Paleanotus adornatus</i> n. sp. in coral rubble collections from Lizard Island, GBR.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species name, <i>chrysos,</i> is derived from the Greek meaning ‘gold’ and refers to the distinctive colour of the notochaetal paleae.</p> <p> <b>Habitat / Distribution.</b> Recorded from the Coral Sea: Lizard Island, reefs off Townsville and Heron Island, GBR, NE coast of Australia and New Caledonia. <i>Paleanotus chrysos</i> n. sp. appears to favour a complex habitat of encrusted coral rubble, red algae, sponges as well as fine algae on sand; depth 2− 30 m.</p>Published as part of <i>Watson, Charlotte, 2015, Seven new species of Paleanotus (Annelida: Chrysopetalidae) described from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, and coral reefs of northern Australia and the Indo-Pacific: two cryptic species pairs revealed between western Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean, pp. 707-732 in Zootaxa 4019 (1)</i> on pages 726-729, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.24, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/234245">http://zenodo.org/record/234245</a>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #2]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
[Report to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author #1]
No full textReport to Chief J. E. Curry, by an unknown author. The report contains a list of officers who gave depositions to the United States Attorney
Mining e-mail content for author identification forensics
No full textWe describe an investigation into e-mail content mining for author identification, or authorship attribution, for the purpose of forensic investigation. We focus our discussion on the ability to discriminate between authors for the case of both aggregated e-mail topics as well as across different email topics. An extended set of e-mail document features including structural characteristics and linguistic patterns were derived and, together with a Support Vector Machine learning algorithm, were used for mining the e-mail content. Experiments using a number of e-mail documents generated by different authors on a set of topics gave promising results for both aggregated and multi-topic author categorisation
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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