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Optimal entanglement witnesses from limited local measurements
No full textWe address the problem of optimizing entanglement witnesses when a limited fixed set of local measurements can be performed on a bipartite system, thus providing a procedure, feasible also for experiments, to detect entangled states using only the statistics of these local measurements. We completely characterize the class of entanglement witnesses of the form W=PΓ, where Γ denotes partial transposition, that can be constructed from the measurements of the bipartite operators σx - σx, σy - σy, and σz - σz in the case of two-qubit systems. In particular, we consider all possible extremal decomposable witnesses within the considered class that can be defined from this set of measurements. Finally, we discuss possible extensions to higher-dimension bipartite systems when the set of available measurements is characterized by the generalized Gell-Mann matrices. We provide several examples of entanglement witnesses, both decomposable and indecomposable, that can be constructed with these limited resources
Long-time memory in non-Markovian evolutions
Full text linkIf the dynamics of an open quantum system is non-Markovian, its asymptotic state strongly depends on the initial conditions, even if the dynamics possesses an invariant state. This is the very essence of memory effects. In particular, the asymptotic state can remember and partially preserve its initial entanglement. Interestingly, even if the non-Markovian evolution relaxes to an equilibrium state, this state needs not be invariant. Therefore, the noninvariance of equilibrium becomes a clear sign of non-Markovianity
Bounds on the entanglement of two-qutrit systems from fixed marginals
Full text linkWe discuss the problem of characterizing upper bounds on entanglement in a bipartite quantum system when only the reduced density matrices (marginals) are known. In particular, starting from the known two-qubit case, we propose a family of candidates for maximally entangled mixed states with respect to fixed marginals for two qutrits. These states are extremal in the convex set of two-qutrit states with fixed marginals. Moreover, it is shown that they are always quasidistillable. As a by-product we prove that any maximally correlated state that is quasidistillable must be pure. Our observations for two qutrits are supported by numerical analysis
Interaction-free evolving states of a bipartite system
Full text linkWe show that two interacting physical systems may admit entangled pure or nonseparable mixed states
evolving in time as if the mutual interaction Hamiltonian were absent. In this paper we define these interaction-free evolving (IFE) states and characterize their existence for a generic binary system described by a time-independent Hamiltonian. A comparison between IFE subspace and the decoherence-free subspace is reported. The set of all pure IFE states is explicitly constructed for a nonhomogeneous spin-star-system mode
How many mutually unbiased bases are needed to detect bound entangled states?
Full text linkFrom a practical perspective it is advantageous to develop methods that verify entanglement in quantum states with as few measurements as possible. In this paper we investigate the minimal number of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) needed to detect bound entanglement in bipartite (d×d)-dimensional states, i.e. entangled states that are positive under partial transposition. In particular, we show that a class of entanglement witnesses (EWs) composed of MUBs can detect bound entanglement if the number of measurements is greater than d/2+1. This is a substantial improvement over other detection methods, requiring significantly fewer resources than either full quantum state tomography or measuring a complete set of d+1 MUBs. Our approach is based on a partial characterisation of the (non-)decomposability of EWs. We show that non-decomposability is a universal property of MUBs, which holds regardless of the choice of complementary observables, and we find that both the number of measurements and the structure of the witness play an important role in the detection of bound entanglement
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The observables of a dissipative quantum system
Full text linkA time-dependent product is introduced between the observables of a dissipative quantum system, that accounts for the effects of dissipation on observables and commutators. In the t -> infinity limit this yields a contracted algebra. This product can be transported back by duality on the space of states. The general ideas are corroborated by a few explicit examples
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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