23 research outputs found
Ethics of GMOs: Best Practice and Fostering Public Awareness
No full textThe ethical growth and production of GMOs for human consumption, with a focus on regulation, best practices, and raising public awarenessFall 201
VARIATIONAL DETERMINATION OF INFRARED BAND POSITIONS FOR ISOTOPICALLY SUBSTITUTED WATER MOLECULES
No full textAuthor Institution: Battelle Columbus LaboratoriesUse of the Hoy-Mills-Strey force field for water in the Simons-Parr-Finlan representation admits band positions that are in good agreement with experiment for both and where the vibrational Schr\""odinger equation is solved variationally. The isotopic species HDO, HTO, DTO, and are also investigated. Unobserved bands in these isotopic species are determined and may be of particular interest in connection with the removal of tritium from normal water
Tradi??o e transforma??o : discursos masculinos sobre as novas configura??es no ambiente militar
No full textSubmitted by Caroline Xavier ([email protected]) on 2017-06-26T14:43:24Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
TES_KELLY_CRISTINA_KOHN_PARCIAL.pdf: 350665 bytes, checksum: 7b58ee2cfc8c624c7ca794d2019c690d (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-26T14:43:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
TES_KELLY_CRISTINA_KOHN_PARCIAL.pdf: 350665 bytes, checksum: 7b58ee2cfc8c624c7ca794d2019c690d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2017-01-12Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPESThis thesis consists in a critical analysis of the entrance of women in the Brazilian Army,
through military men?s speeches; seeking to highlight gender relations and how masculinities
are shaped in the military environment. Objective: Understand how the new configurations of
the military environment focus on the discourses of men participants in the Army. Methods:
To do so, the thesis examines three studies using a qualitative aproach and an exploratory and
descriptive research design and the Critical Discourse Analysis was used to analyse the data.
Study 1 analyzed how masculinities are portrayed in military environment, describing the
main characteristics appointed as descriptive of military men from interviews with 15 military
men and the notes of a Field Camp Diary. Study 2 discussed how the new setting in the
military environment influence the speeches of servicemen, understanding gender relations
that are established and their perception of the addition of women in the Army from semistructure
interview with 15 military men. Study 3 had the purpose to discuss women?s places
in the military context, in the Brazilian Army in particular, attempts to expatiate about
military women, based on the experiences of the first author and in field camp notes. Results:
There was a synchrony between the results of the 3 studies in several respects. The
institutional values learned through daily rituals reinforce practices of masculinities that
through the discourses of military men reiterate gender stereotypes. In addition, the entrance
of women in the military environment has brought about changes in relationships within the
institution, although permeated by power relations. Conclusion: Although the process of
entrance of women in the Brazilian Army is underway, it was possible to perceive among the
military men equalitarian and receptive discourse towards women, even when unsure about
changes to come. Some hidden discourses of women's unfitness for military service were
perceived, justified by the physical and biological part. However, even an institution that has
mostly men, allows processes equal to women allowing more and more spaces of action.A presente tese prop?e uma an?lise cr?tica do ingresso das mulheres no Ex?rcito Brasileiro, a
partir dos discursos de homens militares, procurando destacar as rela??es de g?nero e como se
configuram as masculinidades no ambiente militar. Objetivo: Compreender como as novas
configura??es do ambiente militar incidem sobre os discursos de homens participantes do
Ex?rcito. M?todo: Foram realizados tr?s estudos com enfoque qualitativo e delineamento
descritivo-explorat?rio e utilizada a An?lise Cr?tica de Discurso para a an?lise dos dados. O
Estudo 1 analisou como as masculinidades s?o retratadas no ambiente militar, descrevendo as
principais caracter?sticas apontadas como descritoras dos homens militares a partir de
entrevistas com 15 homens militares e das anota??es de um Di?rio de Campo. O Estudo 2
discutiu como as novas configura??es no ambiente militar incidem sobre os discursos de
homens militares, compreendendo as rela??es de g?nero que se estabelecem e a sua percep??o
sobre a inser??o das mulheres no Ex?rcito a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15
homens militares. O Estudo 3 teve a finalidade de problematizar sobre o lugar das mulheres
no ?mbito militar, em especial o Ex?rcito Brasileiro, discorrendo sobre as mulheres militares,
com base nas viv?ncias da primeira autora e em anota??es de um Di?rio de Campo.
Resultados: Observou-se uma sincronia entre os resultados dos 3 estudos em diversos
aspectos. Os valores institucionais apreendidos atrav?s de rituais cotidianos refor?am pr?ticas
de masculinidades que atrav?s dos discursos dos homens militares reiteram estere?tipos de
g?nero. Al?m disso, o ingresso das mulheres no ambiente militar trouxe mudan?as nos
relacionamentos dentro da institui??o, ainda que permeados por rela??es de poder.
Considera??es finais: Ainda que o processo de ingresso das mulheres no Ex?rcito Brasileiro
esteja em andamento, foi poss?vel perceber entre os homens militares pr?ticas discursivas
igualit?rias e receptivas ?s mulheres, mas receosas das mudan?as que est?o por vir. Alguns
discursos ocultos de inaptid?o das mulheres para o servi?o militar foram percebidos,
justificados pela parte f?sica e biol?gica. Entretanto, mesmo uma institui??o que tem em sua
maioria homens, possibilita processos igualit?rios ?s mulheres possibilitando cada vez mais
espa?os de atua??o
Tradição e transformação: discursos masculinos sobre as novas configurações no ambiente militar
No full textA presente tese propõe uma análise crítica do ingresso das mulheres no Exército Brasileiro, a partir dos discursos de homens militares, procurando destacar as relações de gênero e como se configuram as masculinidades no ambiente militar. Objetivo: Compreender como as novas configurações do ambiente militar incidem sobre os discursos de homens participantes do Exército. Método: Foram realizados três estudos com enfoque qualitativo e delineamento descritivo-exploratório e utilizada a Análise Crítica de Discurso para a análise dos dados. O Estudo 1 analisou como as masculinidades são retratadas no ambiente militar, descrevendo as principais características apontadas como descritoras dos homens militares a partir de entrevistas com 15 homens militares e das anotações de um Diário de Campo. O Estudo 2 discutiu como as novas configurações no ambiente militar incidem sobre os discursos de homens militares, compreendendo as relações de gênero que se estabelecem e a sua percepção sobre a inserção das mulheres no Exército a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 15 homens militares. O Estudo 3 teve a finalidade de problematizar sobre o lugar das mulheres no âmbito militar, em especial o Exército Brasileiro, discorrendo sobre as mulheres militares, com base nas vivências da primeira autora e em anotações de um Diário de Campo. Resultados: Observou-se uma sincronia entre os resultados dos 3 estudos em diversos aspectos. Os valores institucionais apreendidos através de rituais cotidianos reforçam práticas de masculinidades que através dos discursos dos homens militares reiteram estereótipos de gênero. Além disso, o ingresso das mulheres no ambiente militar trouxe mudanças nos relacionamentos dentro da instituição, ainda que permeados por relações de poder.Considerações finais: Ainda que o processo de ingresso das mulheres no Exército Brasileiro esteja em andamento, foi possível perceber entre os homens militares práticas discursivas igualitárias e receptivas às mulheres, mas receosas das mudanças que estão por vir. Alguns discursos ocultos de inaptidão das mulheres para o serviço militar foram percebidos, justificados pela parte física e biológica. Entretanto, mesmo uma instituição que tem em sua maioria homens, possibilita processos igualitários às mulheres possibilitando cada vez mais espaços de atuação.This thesis consists in a critical analysis of the entrance of women in the Brazilian Army, through military men’s speeches; seeking to highlight gender relations and how masculinities are shaped in the military environment. Objective: Understand how the new configurations of the military environment focus on the discourses of men participants in the Army. Methods: To do so, the thesis examines three studies using a qualitative aproach and an exploratory and descriptive research design and the Critical Discourse Analysis was used to analyse the data. Study 1 analyzed how masculinities are portrayed in military environment, describing the main characteristics appointed as descriptive of military men from interviews with 15 military men and the notes of a Field Camp Diary. Study 2 discussed how the new setting in the military environment influence the speeches of servicemen, understanding gender relations that are established and their perception of the addition of women in the Army from semistructure interview with 15 military men. Study 3 had the purpose to discuss women’s places in the military context, in the Brazilian Army in particular, attempts to expatiate about military women, based on the experiences of the first author and in field camp notes. Results: There was a synchrony between the results of the 3 studies in several respects. The institutional values learned through daily rituals reinforce practices of masculinities that through the discourses of military men reiterate gender stereotypes. In addition, the entrance of women in the military environment has brought about changes in relationships within the institution, although permeated by power relations.Conclusion: Although the process of entrance of women in the Brazilian Army is underway, it was possible to perceive among the military men equalitarian and receptive discourse towards women, even when unsure about changes to come. Some hidden discourses of women's unfitness for military service were perceived, justified by the physical and biological part. However, even an institution that has mostly men, allows processes equal to women allowing more and more spaces of action
CALCULATION OF THE VIBRATIONAL ENERGY LEVELS OF TRIATOMIC MOLECULES
No full text V. Szalay, J. Mol. Spectrosc. in press. J.N. Murrell, S. Carter, and L.O. Halonen, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 93, 307(1982). A. R. Hoy, I. M. Mills, and G. Strey, Mol. Phys, 24, 1265(1972). P. Jensen, Comp. Phys. Rep., 1, 1(1983), P. Jensen and P. R. Bunker, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 118, 18(1986). J. C. Light, I. P. Hamilton, and J. V. Lill, J. Chem. Phys. 82, 1400(1985).Author Institution: Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council of CanadaThe vibrational energy levels of a number of triatomic molecules, , and have been calculated from their ground electronic state potential energy surfaces. The calculations were carried out with a new method developed for molecules with large-amplitude internal motions in Ref.(1). This new method allowed us to use a wide variety of potential surfaces, from the most complicated Sorbie-Murrell type surface of the HCN--HNC isomerization to the simple Hoy-Mills-Strey potential of , with minor changes in the computer program. The results are discussed and compared to those of the variational and calculations. The Schrodinger equation of the effective bending Hamiltonian of triatomic molecules has been solved by combining the power and advantages of the variational method and of the discrete variable
Systematically quantifying oil–water microemulsion structures using (spin-echo) small angle neutron scattering
No full textMicroemulsion systems consisting of D2O, an alkane, an anionic internal olefin sulfonate surfactant, salt and secondary butyl alcohol (SBA) as co-solvent are studied in a systematic way. In four different sample sets, either the salt content, SBA content or alkane carbon number was varied in order to study the effects of the individual compounds on the structure sizes making up the microemulsion. Using complementary small-angle neutron scattering techniques SANS and Spin-Echo SANS, it was found that the microemulsion systems exhibit the largest structures in the optimum state (domain size of d/2 =144 nm in the model by Teubner and Strey), where the structure is considered bicontinuous. In comparison, at under- and over-optimum states where the structures consist of emulsified spherical droplets, the smallest measured diameter was 2R = 44 nm. Furthermore, the structure sizes in bicontinuous microemulsions decrease exponentially (down to d/2 =15 nm for pentadecane and 5 wt% SBA) as function of both SBA content and alkane carbon number. The observed trends in structure sizes combined with the trends observed in the area per surfactant molecule, are qualitatively explained with the extended Winsor R-ratio, the HLD-NAC model and surfactant film flexibility arguments.</p
Osmotically Induced Helix-Coil Transition in Poly(Glutamic Acid)
No full textAbstractProtein folding and conformational changes are influenced by protein-water interactions and, as such, the energetics of protein function are necessarily linked to water activity. Here, we have chosen the helix-coil transition in poly(glutamic acid) as a model system to investigate the importance of hydration to protein structure by using the osmotic stress method combined with circular dichroism spectroscopy. Osmotic stress is applied using poly(ethylene glycol), molecular weight of 400, as the osmolyte. The energetics of the helix-coil transition under applied osmotic stress allows us to calculate the change in the number of preferentially included water molecules per residue accompanying the thermally induced conformational change. We find that osmotic stress raises the helix-coil transition temperature by favoring the more compact α-helical state over the more hydrated coil state. The contribution of other forces to α-helix stability also are explored by varying pH and studying a random copolymer, poly(glutamic acid-r-alanine). In this article, we clearly show the influence of osmotic pressure on the peptide folding equilibrium. Our results suggest that to study protein folding in vitro, the osmotic pressure, in addition to pH and salt concentration, should be controlled to better approximate the crowded environment inside cells
DNA Cholesteric Pitch as a Function of Density and Ionic Strength
No full textAbstractThe nature of chiral interactions among chiral biopolymers, such as DNA, protein α-helices, and rodlike virus particles, remains elusive. In particular, a satisfactory model connecting molecular chiral interactions and the pitch of the resulting chiral mesophases is lacking. We report the measurement of short-fragment (146-bp) DNA cholesteric spherulite pitch as a function of osmotic pressure, average DNA interaxial spacing, and salt concentration. We determined cholesteric pitch and interaxial spacing by polarizing optical microscopy and x-ray scattering, respectively, from which the twist-angle between DNA molecules can be calculated. Surprisingly, we found that decreasing ionic strength resulted in weaker chiral interactions between DNA chains, as evidenced by the decrease in the twist-angle, and consequent increase in the cholesteric pitch, for a fixed interaxial spacing. We propose that this behavior can be explained by increased smearing-out of the helical charge pattern along DNA as the Debye screening length is increased
Exploring nanoscale structure in perovskite precursor solutions using neutron and light scattering
No full textTailoring the solution chemistry of metal halide perovskites requires a detailed understanding of precursor aggregation and coordination. In this work, we use various scattering techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle neutron scattering (SANS), and spin–echo SANS (SESANS) to probe the nanostructures from 1 nm to 10 μm within two different lead-halide perovskite solution inks (MAPbI3 and a triple-cation mixed-halide perovskite). We find that DLS can misrepresent the size distribution of the colloidal dispersion and use SANS/SESANS to confirm that these perovskite solutions are mostly comprised of 1–2 nm-sized particles. We further conclude that if there are larger colloids present, their concentration must be <0.005% of the total dispersion volume. With SANS, we apply a simple fitting model for two component microemulsions (Teubner–Strey), demonstrating this as a potential method to investigate the structure, chemical composition, and colloidal stability of perovskite solutions, and we here show that MAPbI3 solutions age more drastically than triple cation solutions
