1,720,983 research outputs found
Three Essays on LGBT Economics and Policy
No full textThis dissertation examines the socioeconomic and health profiles of sexual minorities, especially with respect to how they are impacted by public policy. In the first chapter I explore the relationship between legal same-sex marriage (SSM) and rates of common sexually transmitted infections. Results indicate that legal SSM is associated with a significant decrease in syphilis rates, an especially strong proxy for risky sex between men. In the second chapter, which is joint work with Christopher S. Carpenter, we make use of new information on sexual orientation to first reproduce the well-documented finding of an earnings premium for self-identified lesbians. However, these data also show—for the first time in the literature—that self-identified gay men also earn significantly more than comparable heterosexual men. In the third chapter, which is joint work with Christopher S. Carpenter and Gilbert Gonzales, we provide the first large-scale evidence on transgender status, gender identity, and socioeconomic outcomes in the United States using representative data from 31 states. Individuals who identify as transgender have significantly lower employment rates, lower household incomes, higher poverty rates, and worse self-rated health than otherwise similar men who are not transgender
Three Essays in Health Economics: Evidence from U.S. Vaccination Policy
No full textIn this dissertation I empirically examine a range of policies that have been implemented in the United States with the goal of achieving and maintaining high population vaccination rates. In the first chapter I focus on two policies targeted towards infants and young children: simple non-binding recommendations to receive the hepatitis A vaccine and mandates requiring receipt of the vaccine prior to childcare or kindergarten attendance. Using provider-verified immunization data I find that recommendations significantly increased hepatitis A vaccination rates among young children by approximately 20 percentage points, while mandates increased rates by another 8 percentage points. These policies also significantly reduced population hepatitis A incidence. In the second chapter (joint work with Christopher S. Carpenter), we estimate the effects of state laws that mandate receipt of the Tdap vaccine prior to middle school attendance. These mandates significantly increased Tdap vaccine take-up and reduced pertussis (whooping cough) incidence, with the largest reductions in disease occurring for the directly targeted age group (adolescents) and for the age group most vulnerable to pertussis (infants). We also document cross-vaccine spillovers: the mandates significantly increased adolescent vaccination rates for meningococcal disease and human papillomavirus (HPV), with particularly large effects for children from low SES households. Finally, the third chapter examines similar vaccination policies - non-binding recommendations and school entry mandates- but in the context of a population that is relatively less connected to the health care system: high school-aged adolescents. I find that vaccine recommendations and mandates significantly increase immunization rates among 16 and 17 year olds for the targeted vaccine, and I further document important spillovers of the mandates to the receipt of other, non-mandated, preventive care. In particular, I find treated individuals are approximately 7 percentage points more likely to have a check-up at ages 16 or 17. Overall, the results of these analyses suggest a range of policy options for addressing suboptimally low population vaccination rates among infants and adolescents and also demonstrate the importance of considering spillover effects on health and health behaviors when quantifying the effects of these policies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
