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The Effects of Density on Intraspecific Aggression in the Fiddler Crab, Uca crassipes, on Mo'orea, French Polynesia
No full textUca crassipes (Adams and White 1848) is one of two species of fiddler crabs found on Mo’orea, French Polynesia. Much like other animal populations, U. crassipes is subject to density dependent processes, such as competition, which increase with density. To better understand the relationship between competition and density, this study first looked at habitat differences between 8 distinct populations of U. crasspies on Mo’orea. It then explored differences in aggressive interactions between crabs at one high-density and one low-density site. In the field, both male and female fiddler crabs were found to fight more in the high-density population. Subsequent investigation of the effect of density on aggression in laboratory settings did not yield significant results. Though laboratory results were not significant, trends in data showed more fighting under high-density conditions. Further investigation is necessary to fully understand the effects of density dependent processes on fiddler crabs in both a field and laboratory setting
Fiddler on the roof : a northern range extension for the marsh fiddler crab Uca pugnax
No full textAuthor Posting. © The Author(s), 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Koninklijke Brill for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Crustacean Biology 34 (2014): 671-673, doi:10.1163/1937240X-00002268.A northern range extension is presented here for the marsh fiddler crab Uca pugnax. In summer 2014, adult crabs were found as far north as Hampton, New Hampshire (42.924428, -70.820517), which is 80 km north of its previously established northern limit determined in 2003. Thus, the mean annual northern movement of U. pugnax is currently 7.2 km y-1. I hypothesize that crabs recruited to the most northern sites during 2012 or 2013 when ocean temperatures were up to 1.3 C higher than the average of the previous decade. In a scenario of continued warming oceans
associated with climate change, the range of U. pugnax is thus predicted to continue to extend northward. Given that fiddler crabs are ecosystem engineers affecting coastal wetland productivity, biogeochemistry and sediment structure, the introduction of this species into northern salt marshes may have consequences for marsh structure and function.This work was funded by NSF 1354494 and 1238212
Contextual Cross-Referencing of Species Names for Fiddler Crabs (Genus Uca): An Experiment in Cyber-Taxonomy
No full textabstract: Cyber-taxonomy of name usage has focused primarily on producing authoritative lists of names or cross-linking names and data across disparate databases. A feature missing from much of this work is the recording and analysis of the context in which a name was used—context which can be critical for understanding not only what name an author used, but to which currently recognized species they actually refer. An experiment on recording contextual information associated with name usage was conducted for the fiddler crabs (genus Uca). Data from approximately one quarter of all publications that mention fiddler crabs, including 95% of those published prior to 1924 and 67% of those published prior to 1976, have currently been recorded in a database. Approaches and difficulties in recording and analyzing the context of name use are discussed. These results are not meant to be a full solution, rather to highlight problems which have not been previously investigated and may act as a springboard for broader approaches and discussion. Some data on the accessibility of the literature, including in particular electronic forms of publication, are also presented. The resulting data has been integrated for general browsing into the website http://www.fiddlercrab.info; the raw data and code used to construct the website is available at https://github.com/msrosenberg/fiddlercrab.info
Molecular Population Genetics of the Atlantic Sand Fiddler Crab, Uca Pugilator, Along the Atlantic Coast
No full textAuthor\u27s abstract: The Atlantic sand fiddler crab, Uca pugilator, is an extremely abundant fiddler crab found along the eastern and Gulf coast of the United States. Fiddler crabs have a life cycle with an obligatory planktonic larval phase of 30-90 days, which might be expected to lead to widespread larval dispersal and consequent genetic homogeneity over considerable distances. However a large amount of morphological and behavioral variation is found between northern and southern populations along the eastern coast. This study was undertaken to determine the population genetic structure of U. pugilator and to determine whether these differences may have a genetic basis. The population structure of the fiddler crab was analyzed using 576 individuals collected from 12 sites along the eastern coast. PCR-base single stand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was used to analyze segments of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) genes of these individuals. The ITS1 marker did not prove to be informative when screened by SSCP for this study. The 16S marker revealed a moderate amount of population structure (FST = 0.292) between populations. The results of this study reveal frequent gene flow between nearby localities, but reduced levels between populations separated by large distances. Despite the potential for high dispersal by planktonic larvae, population differentiation and isolation by distance was found between populations U. pugilator. Northern and southern regions are separated by a genetic distance of 0.3866 suggesting the potential for morphological and behavioral differentiation across the species range. INDEX WORDS: Uca pugilator, Fiddler crab, Population structure, Gene flow, Larval dispersal, Single-stand conformational polymorphism, 16S rDNA, ITS-
Examining the influence of Aboriginal literature on Aboriginal students' resilience at the University of Saskatchewan
No full textThere are many Aboriginal (First Nation, Métis and Inuit) students attending Canadian universities who remain resilient despite the multiple challenges that arise during their first year of studies. This thesis focused on six undergraduate Aboriginal students attending the University of Saskatchewan who learned about resilience as it was demonstrated in Aboriginal novels, plays, poetry and short stories, taught in their university courses. Aboriginal literature with a fictional or non-fictional autobiographical voice demonstrated characters and people who prevailed over hardships without giving up. A combination of Indigenous methodology and grounded theory methods were used in this qualitative study, to analyze how Aboriginal students were learning from Aboriginal literature about their own resilience. Resilience in this study is defined by the Nehiyaw (Cree) concept of Miyo-Pimatisiwin (The Good Life), which refers to relying on traditional Aboriginal concepts, values and perspectives in striving for a good life and being attentive to wholistic growth and balance of the four areas of self: physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual (Hart, 2002, p. 13). This study found that Aboriginal students’ resilience is influenced by Aboriginal literature taught in undergraduate courses in three valuable ways: coping with personal and academic challenges, engagement in university learning with a sub-theme of approaches of professors validating Aboriginal literature and experiences, and personal growth and transformation. The University of Saskatchewan has recently announced initiatives aimed at increasing Aboriginal student retention and success, and this study lends support to the development of measures to increase the University of Saskatchewan’s aspirations in this regard
Contextual cross-referencing of species names for fiddler crabs (genus Uca): an experiment in cyber-taxonomy.
No full textCyber-taxonomy of name usage has focused primarily on producing authoritative lists of names or cross-linking names and data across disparate databases. A feature missing from much of this work is the recording and analysis of the context in which a name was used--context which can be critical for understanding not only what name an author used, but to which currently recognized species they actually refer. An experiment on recording contextual information associated with name usage was conducted for the fiddler crabs (genus Uca). Data from approximately one quarter of all publications that mention fiddler crabs, including 95% of those published prior to 1924 and 67% of those published prior to 1976, have currently been recorded in a database. Approaches and difficulties in recording and analyzing the context of name use are discussed. These results are not meant to be a full solution, rather to highlight problems which have not been previously investigated and may act as a springboard for broader approaches and discussion. Some data on the accessibility of the literature, including in particular electronic forms of publication, are also presented. The resulting data has been integrated for general browsing into the website http://www.fiddlercrab.info; the raw data and code used to construct the website is available at https://github.com/msrosenberg/fiddlercrab.info
Ruth Beckermann und die jüdische Nachkriegsgeneration in Österreich
No full textThis essay focuses on the film trilogy of the Austrian filmmaker Ruth Beckermann: Wien retour (1983), Die papierene Brücke (1987) and Nach Jerusalem (1991). It locates Beckermann as a Jewish intellectual and writer in the socio-historical context of post-war Austria. The essay draws on information gained from an interview with Beckermann conducted by the author
The "Illimitable Dominion" of Charles Dickens: Transatlantic Print Culture and the Spring of 1842
No full textThis article explores Edgar Allan Poe’s May 1842 edition of Graham’s Monthly Magazine in the context of debates about international copyright circulating in the press at the time of Charles Dickens’s famous tour of the US. I offer a reading of Poe’s short story ‘The Masque of the Red Death’, and his review of Hawthorne’s Twice-Told Tales that sees these texts as interventions in transatlantic debates at the forefront of the public imagination in the Spring of 1842. In particular, through an original close reading of ‘The Masque of the Red Death’ I demonstrate how Poe subtly drew upon penny press exposés to inform the short story’s discussion of class, status and rights of access. I also suggest that the argument Poe made in his review of Nathaniel Hawthorne about the importance of ‘invention, creation, imagination [and] originality’ to the ‘prose tale’ is usefully considered in the same context, as an American response to questions of authorship that were also raised by the popular hysteria surrounding Dickens
The Merry Fidler Done Over
No full textA fiddler has to pay for a son he fathered and the mother\u27s floor he destroyed.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/kgbsides_uk/1625/thumbnail.jp
The Fiddler\u27s Wife
No full textA couple and a policeman kill themselves when the husband catches his wife with the policeman.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/kgbsides_uk/1715/thumbnail.jp
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