319 research outputs found
De dimensione circuli
No full textpraeside Christoph. Frid. Pfleiderer ... publice defendent Christianus Fridericus Wider ... Iosephus Fridericus Mader ..
Ragaz und die Reformation im Revolutionsjahr 1917
No full textDas religiös-soziale Programm des reformierten Schweizer Theologen Leonhard Ragaz (1868-1945) versteht sich, wie Christian Münch in seinem Beitrag nachzuweisen sucht, zugleich als Kritik und Fortsetzung der Reformation. Diese wird weniger als theologisch-intellektuelle denn als (religiös-)kulturell-praktische Revolutionsbewegung verstanden und bildet in dieser Weise die Vorlage für die eigene revolutionäre Christentumsdeutung und -praxis. Deren historische Grenzen, das Bündnis von Macht und Altar, sowie die Ignoranz gegenüber der in den Bauernkriegen manifest werdenden sozialen Not, sollten darin jedoch überwunden werden. Eine neue, wahrhaft, von Tolstoj und anderen Propheten ersehnte, revolutionäre, die ganze Menschheit erfassende und umgreifende, aber gleichwohl pazifistisch-gewaltfreie Reformation müsse kommen, die eine Überwindung der kapitalistischen Konkurrenzgesellschaft bringen und neuen, unmittelbaren Gottesglauben ermöglichen werde. Die Russische Revolution Lenins betrachtete Ragaz als Vorboten des so verstandenen Gottesreiches, das mit seinem Kommen auch die bolschewistische Staatsordnung aufheben und überflüssig machen werde
Dataset package for the manuscript "Topological aspects of multi- antiferromagnetism in cubic rare-earth compounds"
No full text<p><strong>Dataset 1:</strong></p><p><strong>Title:</strong> Magnetic phase diagrams of HoCu, ErCu, and TmCu for magnetic field along the [111] axis.</p><p><strong>Description:</strong></p><p>Maxima and points of inflection observed in AC magnetic susceptibility data are stored in "HoCu111_1.dat", "HoCu111_2.dat", "HoCu111_3.dat", "HoCu111_4.dat", "ErCu111_FS.dat", "ErCu111_TS.dat", "TmCu111_FS.dat", and "TmCu111_TS.dat". The first and second columns correspond to temperature and field values of these points, respectively.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Dataset 2:</strong></p><p><strong>Title:</strong> Magnetization and electrical transport properties of bulk TmCu at <i>T </i>= 2K for magnetic field along [111].</p><p><strong>Description:</strong></p><p>The field dependence of the magnetization, longitudinal electrical resistivity, and transverse electrical resistivity are stored in the files "TmCuMagnetization.dat", "TmCuRhoxx.dat", and "TmCuRhoxy.dat", respectively. Contributions to the transverse resistivity that are associated with the normal Hall effect are stored in "TmCuRhoxynormalHall.dat". Anomalous Hall effect contributions that are linear in the magnetization are stored in "TmCuRhoxyAHE.dat".</p><p> </p><p><strong>Dataset 3:</strong></p><p><strong>Title: </strong> Magnetic neutron diffraction intensity as a function of temperature in HoCu at zero magnetic field.</p><p><strong>Description:</strong></p><p>Magnetic neutron diffraction intensity, as recorded by means of rocking-scans of the sample at the single-crystal diffractometer HEiDi (FRMII, Garching), centered around the reciprocal-space position <i><strong>Q</strong></i>0 = (1.5, 1.5, 1), are presented in "HoCuNeutronDiffraction_Int.dat" in terms of a 81 times 25 matrix. The presented intensity is normalized to the monitor. The first index enumerates the momentum transfer difference with respect to the reciprocal-space position <i><strong>Q</strong></i>0 and the second index the temperatures. The respective values are stored in "HoCuNeutronDiffraction_Q.dat" and "HoCuNeutronDiffraction_T.dat".</p>
GENETHICS AND RELIGION
No full textIntroduction -- Beyond playing God: critical religious genethics for pluralistic societies / G. Pfleiderer, G. Brahier, and K. Lindpaintner -- Foundations: hermeneutic and conceptional reflections -- Genes, cells, interpretations: what hermeneutics can add to genetics and to bioethics / C. Rehmann-Sutter -- Controversies about human dignity: implications for biotechnology / J.F. Childress -- The function of religion in genethical debates: critical analyses -- Global bioethics, theology, and human genetic engineering: the challenge of refashioning human nature in the face of moral and religious pluralism / H.T. Engelhardt, Jr. -- Eschewing images of man: against anthropological reductionism in bioethics / F.W. Graf -- Children, bodies, life: ethics as the churches' biopolitics / P. Gehring -- On the ethics debate between theologians, scientists and doctors: experiences, observations and commentaries of a medical geneticist / H. Müller -- Examining constructive efforts of religious genethics (I): Christian theological genethics -- 'Biopower': ethical and theological considerations / D. Mieth -- First sheep, then human beings? Theological and ethical reflections on the use of gene technology / E. Schockenhoff -- Is the human genome sacred? / T. Peters -- Examining constructive efforts of religious genethics (II): Jewish, Islamic, and Buddhist genethics -- The Jewish perspective on genethics / R.M. Green -- Human genetic technologies and Islamic bioethics / S.N.M. Nor -- Buddhism and human genome research / P. Ratanakul -- Author index -- Subject inde
Investigation of quantum phase transitions with lacking inversion symmetry
No full textIn dieser Doktorarbeit wurden Quantenphasenübergänge in nicht-zentrosymmetrischen intermetallischen Legierungen untersucht. In den 3d-Verbindungen Mn1-xFexSi und Mn1-xCoxSi wurde die Evolution der Skyrmionenphase mit zunehmender Dotierung x mittels Messung des Halleffekts untersucht. Von der 4f-Legierungsreihe CeTAl3 mit T=Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag und Au wurden zum ersten Mal Einkristalle im optischen Schmelzzonenverfahren hergestellt und ihre physikalischen Eigenschaften bestimmt.In this thesis quantum phase transitions in non-centrosymmetric intermetallic alloys were investigated. In the 3d-compounds Mn1-xFexSi und Mn1-xCoxSi the evolution of the skyrmion lattice phase was investigated with increasing doping concentration x via the topological Hall effect.
Single crystals of the 4f-compounds CeTAl3 with T=Pd ,Pt, Cu, Ag and Au were grown for the first time by optical float-zoning and the physical properties determined
Magnetoelastic hybrid excitations in CeAuAl 3
No full textNearly a century of research has established the Born–Oppenheimer approximation as a cornerstone of condensed-matter systems, stating that the motion of the atomic nuclei and electrons may be treated separately. Interactions beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation are at the heart of magneto-elastic functionalities and instabilities. We report comprehensive neutron spectroscopy and ab initio phonon calculations of the coupling between phonons, CEF-split localized 4f electron states, and conduction electrons in the paramagnetic regime of CeAuAl3, an archetypal Kondo lattice compound. We identify two distinct magneto-elastic hybrid excitations that form even though all coupling constants are small. First, we find a CEF–phonon bound state reminiscent of the vibronic bound state (VBS) observed in other materials. However, in contrast to an abundance of optical phonons, so far believed to be essential for a VBS, the VBS in CeAuAl3 arises from a comparatively low density of states of acoustic phonons. Second, we find a pronounced anticrossing of the CEF excitations with acoustic phonons at zero magnetic field not observed before. Remarkably, both magneto-elastic excitations are well developed despite considerable damping of the CEFs that arises dominantly by the conduction electrons. Taking together the weak coupling with the simultaneous existence of a distinct VBS and anticrossing in the same material in the presence of damping suggests strongly that similarly well-developed magneto-elastic hybrid excitations must be abundant in a wide range of materials. In turn, our study of the excitation spectra of CeAuAl3 identifies a tractable point of reference in the search for magneto-elastic functionalities and instabilities
Neutron scattering investigation of Ce based heavy fermion systems: from magnetism to unconventional phenomena
No full textIn Ce based heavy fermion systems the hybridization of the 4f orbital of the Ce ion and the conduction band lead to unconventional phenomena. The aim of this thesis is to investigate and compare the magnetism on a microscopic scale within the heavy fermion families CeT2X2 (X = Si, Ge) and CeTIn5. Neutron scattering was used as the experimental method. In this thesis, the magnetic phase diagram as well as the magnetic order is determined. Additionally, the spin dynamic in zero magnetic field as well as depending on temperature and magnetic field is investigated
Tieftemperatureigenschaften und magnetische Struktur von CrB<sub>2</sub>, MnB<sub>2</sub> und CuMnSb
No full textThe low-temperature bulk and transport properties as well as the nuclear and magnetic structure of three metallic antiferromagnets - CrB2, MnB2, and CuMnSb - are studied using single-crystals grown from high-purity starting elements. For all compounds measurements of the magnetization, ac susceptibiliy, specific heat, resistivity, Hall effect, and the x-ray and neutron scattering are reported. Further, high-pressure resisitivty data of CrB2 are presented.Die Tieftemperaturvolumen- und -transporteigenschaften von drei metallischen Antiferromagneten - CrB2, MnB2 und CuMnSb - werden anhand von einkristallinen Proben, die aus hochreinen Ausgangselementen synthetisiert wurden, untersucht. Für alle Verbindungen werden Messungen der Magnetisierung, der Wechselfeldsuszeptibilität, der spezifischen Wärme, des spezifischen Widerstands und Hall-Effekts sowie der Röntgen- und Neutronenstreuung berichtet. Ferner werden Widerstandsdaten von CrB2 unter hohem Druck präsentiert
Measurements of heat capacity of systems with complex magnetic phase diagrams for magnetic field along hard magnetisation axes
No full textOd otkrića topološki netrivijalnih uređenja, npr. faze rešetke skirmiona u MnSi-u 2009. godine [1], izrazito je povećan intenzitet istraživanja u ovom području. Ključni eksperimentalni potpis su magnetske strukture u više k smjerova, ispitivane raspršenjem neutrona pod malim kutom, dok se za k = 0 promatraju masivna magnetska svojstva poput topološkog Hallovog efekta koji proizlazi zbog pojave baždarnog polja, teorijski nađene manifestacije Berryjeve zakrivljenosti pobuđenja. Mjerenjem topoloških Hall signala identificirani su novi magnetski sustavi i skupine spojeva u kojima bi mogla nastati netrivijalna spinska stanja. Kao jedan kandidat je u našoj grupi izdvojena serija RE-Cu intermetalnih spojeva s antiferomagnetskim uređenjem u više k smjerova i vrlo velikom topološkom Hallovom otpornošću, dva reda veličine većom nego u A-fazi MnSi-a. Magnetska anizotropija je ključni sastojak energijske hijerarhije interakcija. Zbog javljanja snažnog zakretnog momenta u konačnom magnetskom polju i neprikladnosti sadašnjih mjernih postava i kalorimetrijskih tehnika, dosad nije postojala mogućnost dodatnog istraživanja mogućih potpisa spinskih tekstura masivnim mjerenjima npr. toplinskog kapaciteta. Stoga, uglavnom nema dostupnih informacija o pratećim promjenama entropije duž granica faza. U ovom radu su dizajnirani, konstruirani, karakterizirani i optimizirani sasvim novi postavi za mjerenje toplinskog kapaciteta koji prevladavaju navedeni problem osiguravaju ći mehaničku stabilnost usprkos zakretnih momenata koji djeluju na uzorak pri mjerenjima s jakim magnetskim poljem uzduž osi teške magnetizacije. Dva nova eksperimentalna postava su implementirana u komercijalno dostupan uređaj Physical Property Measurements System-a (PPMS) od Quantum Design-a, jedan koristeći vijcima stegnutu Al pločicu umjesto platforme za uzorak i drugi Kevlar postav potpuno nove strukture koja se može ugađati i podešavati za različite materijale. Detaljno su uspoređeni novi postavi s konvencionalnim kalorimetrom. Njima je određen specifični toplinski kapacitet ErCu duž tri glavne kristalografske osi u temperaturnom rasponu 2 K do 200 K i poljima do 14 T. Time su razjašnjeni bogati magnetski fazni dijagrami i utvrđen strukturni prijelaz. Ne-magnetski ekvivalent materijala LuCu je pripremljen i njegov specifični toplinski kapacitet izmjeren za utvrđivanje magnetskog doprinosa spojeva od interesa.Since the discovery of topologically non-trivial forms of order, e.g. the skyrmion lattice phase in MnSi in 2009 [1], the intensity of research in this field increased tremendously. The key experimental signatures are multiplek structures as probed by small-angle neutron scattering, while in the k = 0 space, e.g. bulk magnetic properties, a large topological Hall effect arises due to an emergent gauge field as theoretically found to be a manifestation of the Berry curvature of the excitations involved. The latter route was followed to identify new magnetic systems or compound families, possibly hosting non-trivial spin states by measuring a topological Hall effect signal. As one class the rare-earth intermetallics series RE-Cu were recently identified in our group as having multiple-k antiferromagnetic orderings and very large topological Hall resistivity two orders of magnitude higher than in the A-phase of MnSi. One key element to the energetic hierarchy of interactions is the magnetic anisotropy. To further probe possible signatures of spin textures by other bulk measurements, e.g. heat capacity, no option so far is available since strong magnetic torques in finite magnetic fields along hard magnetisation axes forbid detailed investigations by present state-of-the-art calorimetric techniques. Therefore essentially no information is available on the underlying changes in entropy across the phase boundaries. To overcome this issue an entirely new design to measure heat capacity was invented, constructed, characterised and optimised during the course of this master thesis to ensure mechanical stability against torques acting on the sample when applying magnetic fields along the hard axes. Two setups were designed, one a screw tightened Al-plate as sample platform and second a Kevlar setup which has a completely new structure, permitting to tune and adjust the setup for different materials, both fitting to a commercially available sample puck provided by the Physical Property Measurements System (PPMS) from Quantum Design. We started with a detailed characterization of the new setups in comparison to the conventional heat pulse calorimeter technique and concentrated on the heat capacity of ErCu along the three principal crystallographic directions in the temperature range from 2 K to 200 K up to magnetic fields of 14 T. It enabled us to shed light to the rich magnetic phase diagram in identifying a structural transition. A non-magnetic equivalent of the material - LuCu - was prepared and its specific heat was used to find the magnetic contribution in the compounds of interest
Untersuchung von Ce basierten Schwer Fermionen Systemen mit Neutronenstreuung
No full textIn Ce based heavy fermion systems the hybridization of the 4f orbital of the Ce ion and the conduction band lead to unconventional phenomena. The aim of this thesis is to investigate and compare the magnetism on a microscopic scale within the heavy fermion families CeT2X2 (X = Si, Ge) and CeTIn5. Neutron scattering was used as the experimental method. In this thesis, the magnetic phase diagram as well as the magnetic order is determined. Additionally, the spin dynamic in zero magnetic field as well as depending on temperature and magnetic field is investigated.Ziel dieser Dissertation ist die Untersuchung und der Vergleich des Magnetismus auf mikroskopischer Skala innerhalb der Heavy Fermion Familien CeT2X2 (X = Si, Ge) und CeTIn5. Als experimentelle Methode wurde hierfür Neutronenstreuung verwendet. In dieser Arbeit wir die wird das magnetische Phasendiagram sowie die magnetische Ordnung bestimmt. Daneben wird die Spindynamik im Nullfeld sowie in Abhängigkeit von Magnetfeld und Temperatur untersucht
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