1,721,285 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Monitoring of structured P2P networks applied to the security of contents
No full textL'objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir et d'appliquer de nouvelles méthodes de supervision capables d'appréhender les problèmes de sécurité affectant les données au sein des réseaux P2P structurés (DHT). Ceux-ci sont de deux types. D'une part les réseaux P2P sont utilisés pour diffuser des contenus illégaux dont l'activité est difficile à superviser. D'autre part, l'indexation des contenus légitimes peut être corrompue (attaque Sybil).Nous proposons tout d'abord une méthode de supervision des contenus basée sur l'insertion de sondes et le contrôle du mécanisme d'indexation du réseau. Celle-ci permet d'attirer l'ensemble des requêtes des pairs pour un contenu donné, puis de vérifier leur intention en générant des appâts très attractifs. Nous décrivons ainsi les faiblesses du réseau permettant la mise en oeuvre de notre méthode en dépit des protections existantes. Nous présentons les fonctionnalités de notre architecture et en évaluons l'efficacité sur le réseau P2P KAD avant de présenter un déploiement réel ayant pour but l'étude des contenus pédophiles.Nous considérons ensuite la sécurité des données indexées dans une DHT. Nous supervisons le réseau KAD et montrons que celui-ci est victime d'une pollution particulièrement néfaste affectant 2/3 des fichiers mais aussi de nombreuses attaques ciblées affectant la sécurité des contenus stockés. Nous proposons un moyen de détecter efficacement cette dernière attaque en analysant la distribution des identifiants des pairs autour d'une référence ainsi qu'une contre-mesure permettant de protéger les pairs à un coût négligeable. Nous terminons par l'évaluation de la protection au sein de réseaux P2P réels.The purpose of this thesis is to design and implement new monitoring solutions which are able to deal with the security issues affecting data stored in large structured P2P networks (DHT). There are two major types of issues. First, P2P networks are used to spread illegal contents whose activity is difficult to monitor accurately. Second, the indexation of regular contents can be corrupted (Sybil attack).We first designed a new approach to monitor contents based on the insertion of distributed probes in the network to take control of the indexation mechanism. The probes can attract all the related requests for a given content and assess the peers intent to access it by generating very attractive honeypots. We describe the weaknesses of the network allowing our solution to be effective despite recent protection mechanisms. We then present the services offered by our monitoring architecture and we evaluate its efficiency on KAD. We also present a real deployment whose purpose is to study pedophile contents on this network.Then, we focus on data integrity in distributed hash tables. We performed large scale monitoring campaigns on the KAD network. Our observations show that it suffers from a very harmful pollution of its indexation mechanism affecting 2/3 of the shared files and from a large number of localized attacks targeting contents. To mitigate these threats, we propose a new efficient way to detect attacks by analysing the distribution of the peers' ID found around an entry after a DHT lookup and a counter-measure which can protect the peers at a negligible cost. Finally, we evaluate our solution in real P2P networks
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Detection methods for security of heterogeneous IoT systems
No full textCette thèse porte sur de nouvelles méthodes de détection pour la sécurité des systèmes IoT hétérogènes, et s'inscrit dans le cadre du projet européen Secure IoT. Nous avons tout d'abord proposé une solution utilisant le process mining couplé à un pré-traitement des données, pour construire des modèles de comportement et identifier des anomalies à partir de données hétérogènes. Nous avons évalué cette solution à partir de jeux de données issus de plusieurs domaines d'applications différents : véhicules connectés, industrie 4.0, robots d'assistance. Cette solution permet de construire des modèles plus facilement compréhensibles. Elle obtient des meilleurs résultats de détection que d'autres méthodes usuelles, mais demande un temps de traitement plus long. Pour réduire ce dernier sans dégrader les performances de détection, nous avons ensuite étendu notre méthode à l'aide d'une approche ensembliste, qui permet de combiner les résultats de plusieurs méthodes de détection utilisées simultanément. En particulier, nous avons comparé différentes stratégies d'agrégation des scores. Nous avons aussi évalué un mécanisme permettant d'ajuster dynamiquement la sensibilité de la détection. Enfin, nous avons implanté la solution sous la forme d'un prototype, qui a été intégré à une plateforme de sécurité développée avec des partenaires européens.This thesis concerns new detection methods for the security of heterogenous IoT systems, and fits within the framework of the SecureIoT European project. We have first proposed a solution exploiting the process mining together with pre-treatment techniques, in order to build behavioral models, and identifying anomalies from heterogenous systems. We have then evaluated this solution from datasets coming from different application domains : connected cars, industry 4.0, and assistance robots.. This solution enables to build models that are more easily understandable. It provides better detection results than other common methods, but may generate a longer detection time. In order to reduce this time without degrading detection performances, we have then extended our method with an ensemble approach, which combines the results from several detection methods that are used simultaneously. In particular, we have compared different score aggregation strategies, as well as evaluated a feedback mechanism for dynamically adjusting the sensitivity of the detection. Finally, we have implemented the solution as a prototype, that has been integrated into a security platform developed in collaboration with other European industrial partners
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