1,721,377 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Using BabelNet to improve OOV coverage in SMT
Full text linkOut-of-vocabulary words (OOVs) are a ubiquitous and difficult problem in statistical machine translation (SMT). This paper studies
different strategies of using BabelNet to alleviate the negative impact brought about by OOVs. BabelNet is a multilingual encyclopedic
dictionary and a semantic network, which not only includes lexicographic and encyclopedic terms, but connects concepts and named
entities in a very large network of semantic relations. By taking advantage of the knowledge in BabelNet, three different methods –
using direct training data, domain-adaptation techniques and the BabelNet API – are proposed in this paper to obtain translations for
OOVs to improve system performance. Experimental results on English–Polish and English–Chinese language pairs show that domain
adaptation can better utilize BabelNet knowledge and performs better than other methods. The results also demonstrate that BabelNet is
a really useful tool for improving translation performance of SMT systems
Intellectual Property Rights at the Training, Development and Generation Stages of Large Language Models
No full textLarge Language Models (LLMs) prompt new questions around Intellectual Property (IP): what is the IP status of the datasets used to train LLMs, the resulting LLMs themselves, and their outputs? The training needs of LLMs may be at odds with current copyright law, and there are active conversations around the ownership of their outputs. A report published by the House of Lords Committee following its inquiry into LLMs and generative AI criticises, among other things, the lack of government guidance, and stresses the need for clarity (through legislation, where appropriate) in this sphere. This paper considers the little guidance and caselaw there is involving AI more broadly to allow us to anticipate legal cases and arguments involving LLMs. Given the pre-emptive nature of this paper, it is not possible to provide comprehensive answers to these questions, but we hope to equip language technology communities with a more informed understanding of the current position with respect to UK copyright and patent law
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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