1,721,027 research outputs found
Evaluation of a Population-Based Screening for Type 2 Diabetes: A Community-Based Screening Project in Puli, Taiwan
No full text提早因應高齡化社會的特殊醫療保健需求：以骨質疏鬆症為例
No full text由於經濟的繁榮及預防醫學的進步，國人預期壽命大幅延長，伴隨總生育率空前的降 低，使台灣人口快速老化，台灣已進入高齡化社會，慢性病已成為國人最主要的健康 保健照護問題，老人保健乃成為一重要課題。2008年衛生署制定中的「2020健康國民 白皮書」中，亦將老人族群列為未來需要健康關注的焦點族群。公務部門在制定有關 老人健康及特殊醫療保健需求的衛生政策之前，相關決策者必須對於此一議題有一深 入且正確的了解。本文嘗試以骨質疏鬆症為例，針對骨質疏鬆症之最新診療標準、分 類和照護方式、各國骨質疏鬆症之盛行率或相關現況加以探討，並且比較各國政府對 骨質疏鬆(以下簡稱骨鬆)之防治政策與推動落實方式、非政府組織或婦女團體對於骨 鬆防治貢獻與建議，進而提出我國對於骨鬆防治政策的短、中、長期策略建議
The Incidence, Risk Factors and Consequences of Falling Injury among the Community Elderly in Shihpai, Taiwan=台灣石牌社區老人跌傷發生率危險因子及 其後果
No full textBackground and aims: Falls causing injuries among older people and the consequences of those injuries are of increasing concern to public health practitioners. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence, characteristics and risk factors of fall injuries among the community- dwelling elderly in Shihpai, Taiwan; the impact on quality of life and health service utilization was also comprehensively studied. Methods: 1361 community-dwelling elderly who had been enrolled in the Shihpai eye study (1999 -2000) were included. Subjects were interviewed and examined by trained interviewers, and data such as demographics, medical conditions, blood pressure, ophthalmic examination, fall history and quality of life ( SF-36) were collected. Chi -square tests, analyses of covariance and multiple logistic regressions were performed as the main statistical methods. Results: The mean age of the participants was 72.2 (range, 65-91) years old. 16.3% of the elderly persons interviewed had experienced at least one fall; among those, up to 50% had suffered mild injuries, and the incidence of remarkable injury was 27.6%. There were no significant differences in the location or time of falling, but there were different risk factors and consequences in injury severity. Fallers with remarkable injuries had a higher incidence of hospitalization and a greater fear of falling. No statistically significant decline in quality of life with increasing severity of falling injury was identified after a 12-month follow-up period. Conclusions: Gender, visual impairment and orthostatic hypotension were identified as the major risk factors of fall injuries in the elderly. These factors should be emphasized in order to reduce fall injuries in geriatrics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A Nine-Year Follow-up Study of Sleep Patterns and Mortality in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Taiwan
No full textStudy Objectives: To simultaneously explore the associations between mortality and insomnia, sleep duration, and the use of hypnotics in older adults.
Design: A fixed cohort study.
Setting: A community in Shih-Pai area, Taipei, Taiwan.
Participants: A total of 4,064 participants over the age of 65 completed the study.
Intervention: N/A.
Measurements and Results: Insomnia was classified using an exclusionary hierarchical algorithm, which categorized insomnia as "no insomnia," "subjective poor sleep quality," "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia," "1-month insomnia disorder," and "6-month insomnia disorder." The main outcome variables were 9-year all-cause mortality rates. In the all-cause mortality analyses, when hypnotic use, depressive symptoms and total sleep time were excluded from a proportional hazards regression model, subjects with "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia" had a higher mortality risk (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.01-1.45). In the full model, frequent hypnotic use and long sleep duration predicted higher mortality rates. However, the increased mortality risk for subjects with " Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5 insomnia" was not observed in the full model. On the contrary, individuals with a 6-month DSM-IV insomnia disorder had a lower risk for premature death (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.96).
Conclusions: Long sleep duration and frequent hypnotics use predicted an increased mortality risk within a community-dwelling sample of older adults. The association between insomnia and mortality was affected by insomnia definition and other parameters related to sleep patterns
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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